Lisfranc Fracture-dislocation With Extensor Hallucis Brevis Tendon Interposition: A Case Report.

Case: A 14-year-old adolescent girl sustained a Lisfranc fracture-dislocation with an interposed extensor hallucis brevis (EHB) tendon. Following multiple failed attempts at closed reduction in both the emergency department and the operating room, the patient was treated in a staged manner with temporizing closed reduction and percutaneous pinning in improved alignment, followed by definitive open reduction and internal fixation once soft tissues allowed.

Conclusions: Anatomic reduction and stable fixation of Lisfranc injuries is vital to regain stability and reduce the risk of midfoot arthritis and collapse.

Lost opportunities: How gendered arrangements harm men.

Traditional gendered arrangements-norms, roles, prejudices, and hierarchies-shape every human life. Associated harms are primarily framed as women's issues due to more severe consequences women face. Yet, gendered arrangements also shape 's relationships, career paths, and health.

Macromolecular interactions and geometrical confinement determine the 3D diffusion of ribosome-sized particles in live cells.

The crowded bacterial cytoplasm is composed of biomolecules that span several orders of magnitude in size and electrical charge. This complexity has been proposed as the source of the rich spatial organization and apparent anomalous diffusion of intracellular components, although this has not been tested directly. Here, we use biplane microscopy to track the 3D motion of self-assembled bacterial genetically encoded multimeric nanoparticles (bGEMs) with tunable size (20 to 50 nm) and charge (-3,240 to +2,700 e) in live cells.

Pharmacokinetic and Exposure-Response Modeling Support Body Surface Area-Based Dosing of Farletuzumab Ecteribulin in Japanese Patients with Solid Tumors.

The first-in-human, Phase 1 Study 101 showed antitumor activity and a tolerable safety profile of farletuzumab ecteribulin in Japanese patients with platinum-resistant ovarian and non-small cell lung cancer. A pharmacometric assessment evaluated farletuzumab ecteribulin pharmacokinetics and exposure-response (E-R) relationships for efficacy and safety to support dose optimization. Patients received 0.

Nutritional Interventions to Attenuate Quadriceps Muscle Deficits following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Reconstruction.

Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, quadriceps muscle atrophy persists despite rehabilitation, leading to loss of lower limb strength, osteoarthritis, poor knee joint health and reduced quality of life. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these deficits in hypertrophic adaptations within the quadriceps muscle following ACL injury and reconstruction are poorly understood. While resistance exercise training stimulates skeletal muscle hypertrophy, attenuation of these hypertrophic pathways can hinder rehabilitation following ACL injury and reconstruction, and ultimately lead to skeletal muscle atrophy that persists beyond ACL reconstruction, similar to disuse atrophy.

Treatment Patterns and Economic Burden of Ulcerative Colitis in Japan: A Retrospective Claims Analysis.

Introduction: This retrospective claims analysis characterized contemporary ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment patterns and investigated the economic burden of UC in Japan.

Methods: This study used anonymized claims data in the Medical Data Vision database. Patients were included if they had a confirmed UC diagnosis and ≥ 1 claim of systemic treatment for UC (index date) between June 2018 and December 2022, in addition to continuous enrollment for ≥ 6 months before and ≥ 12 months after the index date.

Day-case gastrostomy insertion in children: an achievable reality.

Purpose: Recent efforts have sought to streamline gastrostomy insertion care, particularly length of stay (LOS). We report our initial experience with day-case gastrostomy (DCG) insertion.

Method: Retrospective review (April 2018-2024) of all primary gastrostomy insertions.

A Proof-of-Concept for Safety Evaluation of Inhalation Exposure to Known Respiratory Irritants Using In Vitro and In Silico Methods.

There is increased interest in developing non-animal test systems for inhalation exposure safety assessments. However, defined methodologies are absent for predicting local respiratory effects from inhalation exposure to irritants. The current study introduces a concept for applying in vitro and in silico methods for inhalation exposure safety assessment.

Responses of an Coculture Alveolar Model for the Prediction of Respiratory Sensitizers (ALIsens) Following Exposure to Skin Sensitizers and Non-Sensitizers.

In recent years, a global increase in allergy incidence following chemical exposure has been observed. While the process of skin sensitization is well characterized through the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework, the immunological mechanisms underlying respiratory sensitization remain less well understood. Respiratory sensitizers are classified as substances of very high concern (SVHC) under the European Union (EU) regulation for the registration, evaluation, authorization and restriction of chemicals (REACH), emphasizing the importance of evaluating respiratory tract sensitization as a critical hazard.

An Enigmatic Wild Passerine Mortality Event in the Eastern United States.

The ability to rapidly respond to wildlife health events is essential. However, such events are often unpredictable, especially with anthropogenic disturbances and climate-related environmental changes driving unforeseen threats. Many events also are short-lived and go undocumented, making it difficult to draw on lessons learned from past investigations.

Anti-Idiotypic Antibody as a Booster Vaccine Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children and adults. With nearly everyone infected by the age of five, there is an opportunity to develop booster vaccines that enhance B-cell immunity, promoting potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies. One potential approach involves using anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-IDs) to mimic specific antigenic sites and enhance preexisting immunity in an epitope-specific manner.

A New Risk Prediction Model for the Assessment of Myocardial Injury in Elderly Patients Undergoing Non-Elective Surgery.

Currently, recommended pre-operative risk assessment models including the revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) are not very effective in predicting postoperative myocardial damage after non-elective surgery, especially for elderly patients. This study aimed to create a new risk prediction model to assess myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) in elderly patients and compare it with the RCRI, a well-known pre-operative risk prediction model. This retrospective study included 370 elderly patients who were over 65 years of age and had non-elective surgery in a tertiary hospital.

Development of Hollow Fiber Membranes Suitable for Outside-In Filtration of Human Blood Plasma.

Hemodialysis (HD) is a critical treatment for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The effectiveness of conventional dialyzers used there could be compromised during extended use due to limited blood compatibility of synthetic polymeric membranes and sub-optimal dialyzer design. In fact, blood flow in the hollow fiber (HF) membrane could trigger inflammatory responses and thrombus formation, leading to reduced filtration efficiency and limiting therapy duration, a consequence of flowing the patients' blood through the lumen of each fiber while the dialysate passes along the inter-fiber space (IOF, inside-out filtration).

Microfluidic Assays for CD4 T Lymphocyte Counting: A Review.

CD4 T lymphocytes play a key role in initiating the adaptive immune response, releasing cytokines that mediate numerous signal transduction pathways across the immune system. Therefore, CD4 T cell counts are widely used as an indicator of overall immunological health. HIV, one of the leading causes of death in the developing world, specifically targets and gradually depletes CD4 cells, making CD4 counts a critical metric for monitoring disease progression.

Initial Treatment Modalities in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Primary Lung Cancer in Japan.

Treatment for lung cancer continues to rapidly evolve. Here, we describe trends in the initial treatment of adults with newly diagnosed primary non-small-cell lung cancer in Japan. This retrospective cohort study used data from JMDC Inc.

A Pilot Proteomic Analysis of Huntington's Disease by Functional Capacity.

The molecular biology of Huntington's Disease (HD) has grown substantially, with pathological considerations extending to genetic modifiers, epigenetic changes, transcriptomics, the proteome, and the metabolome. The metabolome and proteome are especially intriguing in that they most directly reflect the functional state of the cellular environment, which may involve some combination of pathology as well as compensation. We assessed CSF proteomics from eight participants by their functional severity (TFC range 3-13), with 47 proteins having a minimum r-value of 0.

PARP inhibitors differentially regulate immune responses in distinct genetic backgrounds of high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma models.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment for several tumor indications without demonstrated benefit for ovarian cancer patients. To improve the therapeutic ratio of ICIs in ovarian cancer patients, several different clinical trials are testing combinations with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Comparing the immunomodulatory effects of clinically advanced PARP inhibitors may help to identify the best partner to combine with ICIs.

Prevalence of High-Risk CTA-Based Carotid Plaque-RADS Subtypes in Patients With Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source.

Background: A modified computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based Carotid Plaque Reporting and Data System (Plaque-RADS) classification was applied to a cohort of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source to test whether high-risk Plaque-RADS subtypes are more prevalent on the ipsilateral side of stroke. With the widespread use of CTA for stroke evaluation, a CTA-based Plaque-RADS would be valuable for generalizability.

Methods: A retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted at a single integrated health system comprised of 3 hospitals with a comprehensive stroke center between October 1, 2015, and April 1, 2017.

Acute beneficial effects of a functional energy shot on cognitive performance and mood states during cognitively demanding task performance: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Introduction: Functional beverages are increasingly popular but it is important to validate their purported effects through research. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of a new functional energy shot on cognitive performance and mood states in healthy adults, with a focus on measuring mental energy enhancement and attenuation of negative effects associated with extended performance of mentally demanding tasks.

Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.

Ethnic and racial differences in children and young people with respiratory and neurological post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: an electronic health record-based cohort study from the RECOVER Initiative.

Background: Children from racial and ethnic minority groups are at greater risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but it is unclear whether they have increased risk for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC). Our objectives were to assess whether the risk of respiratory and neurologic PASC differs by race/ethnicity and social drivers of health.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of individuals <21 years seeking care at 24 health systems across the U.

A Case of Pulmonary Sarcoidosis With Multiple Endobronchial Polypoid Structures and Partial Airway Obstruction.

We present a case of a 42-year-old male with sarcoidosis manifesting as endobronchial mass-like lesions, a rare and atypical presentation of the disease. Sarcoidosis typically involves the respiratory system, but its occurrence as endobronchial polyps mimicking malignancy is uncommon. The diagnosis was confirmed through bronchoscopy and biopsy, revealing non-caseating granulomas.

Methylmercury in subarctic amphibians: environmental gradients, bioaccumulation, and estimated flux.

Rapid warming in polar regions is causing large changes to ecosystems, including altering environmentally available mercury (Hg). Although subarctic freshwater systems have simple vertebrate communities, Hg in amphibians remains unexplored. We measured total Hg (THg) in wetland sediments and methylmercury (MeHg) in multiple life-stages (eggs to adults) of wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) and larval boreal chorus frogs (Pseudacris maculata) from up to 25 wetlands near Churchill, Manitoba (Canada), during the summers of 2018-2019.

Real-world use of tafasitamab preceding CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Potential CD19 antigen loss following CD19-directed therapy has raised concerns over sequential use of these therapies. Tafasitamab, a CD19-targeting immunotherapy, combined with lenalidomide, is approved for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) treatment in adults ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation. This retrospective analysis examined characteristics and outcomes of adults with R/R DLBCL who received tafasitamab preceding CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in a real-world setting.

Estimating health state utilities for aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (AADCd) in the United States.

Background: AADCd is a rare neurometabolic disorder presenting in infancy. Children with AADCd have motor dysfunction and development delays that result in the need for lifelong care; quality of life is greatly impacted. Current characterizations of health-related quality of life and associated health state utilities (HSUs) may be underestimated in AADCd.

Balancing the risks: continuous vs. interrupted anticoagulation during TAVI - what does the evidence say?

Anticoagulation therapy is a critical component of post-transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) management, aimed at reducing the risk of thromboembolic events and mortality. This review examines the efficacy of continuous versus interrupted anticoagulation strategies in TAVI patients, focusing on mortality, stroke rates, and composite events. A literature review was conducted, analyzing recent studies that evaluate the impact of different anticoagulation regimens on clinical outcomes in TAVI patients.