Application of Deep Learning Accelerated Image Reconstruction in T2-weighted Turbo Spin Echo Imaging of the Brain at 7T.

Prolonged imaging times and motion sensitivity at 7T necessitate advancements in image acceleration techniques. This study evaluates a 7T deep-learning (DL)-based image reconstruction using a deep neural network trained on 7T data, applied to T2-weighted turbo spin echo imaging. Raw k-space data from 30 consecutive clinical 7T brain MRI patients was reconstructed using both DL and standard methods.

Deep learning-based defect detection in film-coated tablets using a convolutional neural network.

Film-coating is a critical step in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Traditional visual inspections for film-coated tablet defect assessment are subjective, inefficient, and labor-intensive. We propose a novel approach utilizing machine learning and image analysis to address these limitations.

Inter-brain plasticity as a mechanism of change in psychotherapy: A proof of concept focusing on test anxiety.

Objective.: There is a growing consensus that interpersonal processes are key to understanding psychotherapy. How might that be reflected in the brain? Recent research proposes that inter-brain synchrony is a crucial neural component of interpersonal interaction.

A first-in-human study of JNJ-70218902, a bispecific T-cell-redirecting antibody against TMEFF2 in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has a poor prognosis, necessitating the investigation of novel treatments and targets. This study evaluated JNJ-70218902 (JNJ-902), a T-cell redirector targeting transmembrane protein with epidermal growth factor-like and 2 follistatin-like domains 2 (TMEFF2) and cluster of differentiation 3, in mCRPC.

Patients And Methods: Patients who had measurable/evaluable mCRPC after at least one novel androgen receptor-targeted therapy or chemotherapy were eligible.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ and risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer: a multicenter, population-based cohort study.

Purpose: To study the association between clinicopathologic characteristics of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and risk of subsequent invasive breast cancer (IBC).

Methods: We conducted a case-control study nested in a multicenter, population-based cohort of 8175 women aged ≥ 18 years with DCIS diagnosed between 1987 and 2016 and followed for a median duration of 83 months. Cases (n = 497) were women with a first diagnosis of DCIS who developed a subsequent IBC ≥ 6 months later; controls (2/case; n = 959) were matched to cases on age at and calendar year of DCIS diagnosis.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Anti-obesity Agent, S-309309, in Healthy Adults with or Without Obesity.

Background: Anti-obesity medications are recommended for patients who do not achieve and maintain weight loss despite lifestyle interventions. S-309309 is a novel oral inhibitor of monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 being developed as a treatment for obesity.

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the safety, clinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic biomarker of S-309309.

Intravenous antibiotics for pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Cystic fibrosis is a multisystem disease characterised by the production of thick secretions causing recurrent pulmonary infection, often with unusual bacteria. Intravenous (IV) antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of acute deteriorations in symptoms (pulmonary exacerbations); however, recently the assumption that exacerbations are due to increases in bacterial burden has been questioned. This is an update of a previously published review.

Transferrin Saturation, Serum Iron, and Ferritin in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Proteomic Associations.

Background: Iron deficiency (ID) is currently defined as a serum ferritin level <100 or 100 to 299 ng/mL with transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20%. Serum ferritin and TSAT are currently used to define absolute and functional ID. However, individual markers of iron metabolism may be more informative than current arbitrary definitions of ID.

Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for primary hyperhidrosis: an over a decade-long follow-up on efficacy, impact, and patient satisfaction.

Background: Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy is a well-known and effective treatment for palmar and axillary primary hyperhidrosis (PHH). Its most frequent drawback and the main complaint among patients who underwent surgery is the appearance of compensatory sweating (CS). To date, no long-term studies using internationally standardized tools have assessed the efficacy and impact of this surgery on patients.

Case series on the use of the indocyanine green fluorescence real-time imaging technique for lymph node sorting in patients undergoing radical esophagectomy.

Background: There is a clear correlation between accurate postoperative lymph node staging and the survival prognosis of patients. This study aimed to explore the application and value of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence real-time imaging technology in lymph node sorting during radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Methods: From August 2022 to June 2023, the specimens of 66 patients who underwent esophageal cancer resection with lymph node dissection were examined.

Ischaemic Meckel's Diverticulum, Mesodiverticular Band, and Small Bowel Volvulus With Closed Loop Obstruction: A Laparoscopic Approach and Literature Review.

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. It usually lies on the antimesenteric side of the ileum, about 60 cm from the ileocecal valve. Histologically, it is a true diverticulum comprising all four layers of the intestinal tract.

The Simons Observatory: Design, Optimization, and Performance of Low-Frequency Detectors.

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment located in the Atacama Desert in Chile that will make precise temperature and polarization measurements over six spectral bands ranging from 27 to 285 GHz. Three small aperture telescopes (SATs) and one large aperture telescope (LAT) will house 60,000 detectors and cover angular scales between one arcminute and tens of degrees. We present the performance of the dichroic, low-frequency (LF) lenslet-coupled sinuous antenna transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays with bands centered at 27 and 39 GHz.

Direct observation of small molecule activator binding to single PR65 protein.

The reactivation of heterotrimeric protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) through small molecule activators is of interest to therapeutic intervention due to its dysregulation, which is linked to chronic conditions. This study focuses on the PP2A scaffold subunit PR65 and a small molecule activator, ATUX-8385, designed to bind directly to this subunit. Using a label-free single-molecule approach with nanoaperture optical tweezers (NOT), we quantify its binding, obtaining a dissociation constant of 13.

The impact of mutations on the clinical outcome and immune response following immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is predicted to be the second leading cause of cancer-related death by 2030. This is driven by a high case-fatality rate with most patients even with radiologically localized PDAC at diagnosis ultimately relapsing with metastatic disease. mutations present in 90% to 95% of PDAC drive these poor statistics through its role in driving cellular growth, inhibition of apoptosis, and immunosuppression.

Efficacy, safety, and quality of life of dabrafenib plus trametinib treatment in Chinese patients with mutation-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Dabrafenib plus trametinib (Dab + Tram) is an approved targeted therapy in patients with mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report the efficacy, safety, and quality of life (QoL) results of Dab + Tram treatment in Chinese patients with mutation-positive metastatic NSCLC.

Methods: This is a single-arm, open-label, multicentre, phase II study (NCT04452877).

BubbleCam: Engaging Privacy in Remote Sighted Assistance.

Remote sighted assistance (RSA) offers prosthetic support to people with visual impairments (PVI) through image- or video-based conversations with remote sighted assistants. While useful, RSA services introduce privacy concerns, as PVI may reveal private visual content inadvertently. Solutions have emerged to address these concerns on image-based asynchronous RSA, but exploration into solutions for video-based synchronous RSA remains limited.

One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Substituted Indoles and 7-Azaindoles Sequential Alkynylation and Cyclization of 2-Iodo--mesylarylamines and Alkynes in the Presence of CuO.

A one-pot process was developed to synthesize in moderate to high yield a series of 2-substituted indoles and 7-azaindoles starting from 2-iodo--mesylarylamines and terminal alkynes in the presence of CuO in DMF at 90-120 °C. Without isolation of any intermediate, our optimized conditions enabled the introduction of ester, phenyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, -Boc-aminomethyl, and methyl at the 2-postion of indoles and 7-azaindoles. The reaction tolerates a variety of substrates containing halogens, or acid- or base-sensitive functional groups without requiring a Pd catalyst, a ligand, or a base.

Fungal Planet description sheets: 1697-1780.

Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: , from accumulated snow sediment sample. , on leaf spots of . , on submerged decaying wood in sea water, on , as endophyte from healthy leaves of .

It's Hard to Prepare for Task Novelty: Cueing the Novelty of Upcoming Tasks Does Not Facilitate Task Performance.

Rapidly learning new tasks, such as using new technology or playing a new game, is ubiquitous in our daily lives. Previous studies suggest that our brain relies on different networks for rapid task learning versus retrieving known tasks from memory, and behavioral studies have shown that novel versus practiced tasks may rely on different task configuration processes. Here, we investigated whether explicitly informing about the novelty of an incoming task would help participants prepare for different task configuration processes, such as pre-adjusting working memory gating functions.

Corrigendum: Cipaglucosidase alfa plus miglustat: linking mechanism of action to clinical outcomes in late-onset Pompe disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.

: the IUPAB journal promoting biophysics on an international stage.

This editorial introduces the contents of Volume 16, Issue 6 of , the official journal of the International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB). Highlights of the Issue include an invited review article by David Alsteens, the winner of the 2024 Michèle Auger Award for Young Scientists' Independent Research and a Special Issue Focus involving a series of articles based on topics addressed at the 7th Nanoengineering for Mechanobiology Symposium 2024. The broad scope of articles and the geographically widespread locations of the contributing authors of these and other reviews in the Issue mirror the goals of IUPAB, namely to organize worldwide advancements, co-operation, communication, and education in biophysics.

First genome-specific development, characterization and validation of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in , a commercially important bamboo of India.

The natural population of have not been genetically enumerated due to a lack of genome sequence information or robust species-specific molecular marker. The present study was conducted to develop and validate genome-wide de novo simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers in through shallow-pass genome sequencing. The genome sequence data of about 13 Gb was generated using Illumina technology, and high-quality sequence reads were de novo assembled into 1,390,995 contigs with GC content 42.

Evidence for Peroxisomal Redundancy among the Glucose-6-phosphate Dehydrogenase Isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana.

The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) plays an important role for the generation of reducing power in all eukaryotes. In plant cells the OPPP operates in several cellular compartments, but as full cycle only in the plastid stroma where it is essential. As suggested by our recent results, OPPP reactions are also mandatory inside peroxisomes, at least during fertilisation.