Atlantoaxial rotary subluxation in children after trampoline injury: A critical but overlooked diagnosis.

Atlanto-axial rotary subluxation (AARS) is rare but recognized as a significant cervical spine injury following a fall or physical impact on the head or neck in children aged 5-15 years. Trampoline use has been increasing among children, as have the trampoline-related injuries (TRI). We present a case series of AARS following trampoline injuries, highlighting clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management, especially in an emergency setting.

Radiographic outcomes of dorsal spanning plate with and without volar plate fixation for comminuted intraarticular distal radius fractures.

Purpose: Dorsal spanning plate fixation for comminuted intra-articular distal radius fractures involves indirect reduction via ligamentotaxis, potentially resulting in suboptimal restoration of native anatomy. Displaced volar fragments may necessitate separate buttress support with a volar plate. This objective of this study was to retrospectively compare radiographic outcomes between distal radius fractures managed with dorsal spanning plate fixation alone versus dorsal spanning plate fixation with concomitant volar plating.

JNJ-78306358, a first-in-class bispecific T cell engaging antibody targeting CD3 and HLA-G.

T cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) to treat advanced stage solid tumors are gaining interest after recent clinical successes. The immune checkpoint human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) is expressed in several tumor types while in normal tissues expression is limited. Here, we describe JNJ-78306358, a T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody (bsAb) to treat advanced stage solid tumors.

Management of gastrointestinal bleed in the intensive care setting, an updated literature review.

Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is a critical and potentially life-threatening condition frequently observed in the intensive care unit (ICU). This literature review consolidates current insights on the epidemiology, etiology, management, and outcomes of GI bleeding in critically ill patients. GI bleeding remains a significant concern, especially among patients with underlying risk factors such as coagulopathy, mechanical ventilation, and renal failure.

The 16p11.2 microdeletion influences how early-life microbiota perturbations affect hippocampal development and behavior throughout the lifespan.

Neurodevelopmental disorders result from interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental risk factors, with infancy being the most vulnerable period. We designed a longitudinal study to determine how short-term antibiotic exposure during early postnatal life impacts the gut microbiome, neurodevelopment, and behavior, and whether these alterations were exacerbated by the neurodevelopmental disorder-associated 16p11.2 microdeletion (16pDel) mutation.

"It's two separate systems that … keep you under a thumb": dual debt in the child support and criminal legal systems.

People simultaneously entangled in multiple state systems are often subject to contradictory legal mandates that can foster distrust and incentivize system avoidance. This study focuses on those indebted to both the child support system and the criminal legal system, a situation we describe as . We ask whether and how the imposition of legal debts with punitive surveillance and collections mechanisms fosters alienation in the form of legal cynicism and estrangement, which we refer to jointly as legal anomie.

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with hsCRP testing and test-confirmed systemic inflammation among individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with or without chronic kidney disease in the United States (PLUTUS).

Background: Systemic inflammation (SI) is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and is most commonly assessed by measuring levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP).

Objective: This study aimed to determine hsCRP testing rates and SI prevalence in patients with ASCVD and in a subset of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis using US-based data from the Optum® de-identified Electronic Health Record data set (Optum® EHR; 1/1/2017-12/31/2021).

: welcoming a new year in biophysics.

This Editorial introduces the contents of Volume 17, Issue 1 of , the official journal of the International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB). A major highlight of the Issue is the announcement of the winner of the 2025 Michéle Auger Award for Young Scientists' Independent Research. The broad scope of the articles in the Issue and the geographically widespread locations of the contributing authors of the reviews in the Issue mirror the goals of IUPAB, namely to organize worldwide advancements, co-operation, communication, and education in biophysics.

Chronic Adaptations of the Ulnar Nerve in Professional Baseball Pitchers: Ulnar Nerve Adaptations in Pitchers.

Context: Screening programs to identify negative ulnar nerve adaptations in throwing athletes can help minimize injury risk and individualize treatment programs prior to the onset of symptoms. However, it is currently unclear how the ulnar nerve structurally adapts chronically in professional baseball pitchers. Objective: To compare ulnar nerve ultrasound structural characteristics between the throwing (dominant) and non-throwing control (non-dominant) elbows in professional pitchers, with a secondary purpose of comparing ultrasound structural characteristics between subluxating and non-subluxating ulnar nerves.

Development of a Pesticide Labeling Literacy Scale for Thai Rice Farmers: Item Generation and Content Validity Testing.

Background: Occupational exposure to pesticides in rice cultivation poses health risks, exacerbated by factors contributing to the improper use of pesticides. One significant factor is the limited literacy skills of farmers, hindering their ability to read and comprehend pesticide labels. Research in this area is limited by the lack of an acceptable method for measuring pesticide labeling literacy.

Catheter Ablation versus Medical Therapy for Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a common chronic complication of ischemic heart disease (IHD), even in the era of contemporary coronary intervention. The use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) has reduced mortality, but ICD shocks can be painful and traumatizing. Catheter ablation has been posited to reduce VT incidence and is commonly used in IHD patients when antiarrhythmic drugs do not suppress VT.

A review on biomacromolecular ligand-directed nanoparticles: New era in macrophage targeting.

Traditional drug delivery strategies often have side effects due to uneven drug distribution leading to the subtherapeutic impacts. Ligand-modified nanoparticles offer a revolutionary approach to precise drug delivery. These modified nanoparticles can potentially target macrophages, which is crucial for defense and disease progression efficiently.

Global epidemiology of acute kidney injury in hospitalised patients with decompensated cirrhosis: the International Club of Ascites GLOBAL AKI prospective, multicentre, cohort study.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of cirrhosis. A systematic, global characterisation of AKI occurring in patients with cirrhosis is lacking. We therefore aimed to assess global differences in the characteristics, management, and outcomes of AKI in hospitalised patients with cirrhosis.

Evaluation of physical function and quality of life before and after nonradical surgical therapy for stage IA1 and IA2-IB1 cervical cancer (GOG-0278).

Objective: To examine patient outcomes before and after cone biopsy (CB) or simple hysterectomy (SH) and pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) for bladder, bowel, and sexual function, quality of life (QOL), cancer worry, reproductive concerns, and lymphedema.

Methods: We stratified women with stage IA1 (lymphovascular space invasion-positive) and IA2-IB1 (≤2 cm) cervical carcinoma by fertility preservation (CB) or none (SH) with PLND. All patients completed study questionnaires at baseline (preoperatively) and postoperatively at 4-6 weeks and 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-months, consisting of: Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy - Cervical Cancer (FACT-Cx); Female Sexual Functioning Index (FSFI), and 2 Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) items; Gynecologic Cancer Lymphedema Questionnaire (GCLQ); Impact of Events Scale (IES); and Reproductive Concerns Scale (RCS).

Donor telomeres and their magnitude of shortening post-allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant impact survival for patients with early-stage leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome.

Background: Donor selection is a key success factor in allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT). We evaluated the potential impact of donor leucocyte telomere length (LTL) and LTL shortening in recipients at three-month post-HCT (LTL-3MS) on the two-year HCT outcomes.

Methods: We identified a cohort of 384 HCT recipients for early-stage leukaemia or myelodysplastic syndrome in the Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trial Network protocol#1202 with blood samples collected three-month post-HCT.

Cannabis legalization and increasing cannabis use in the United States: Data from urine toxicology testing in emergency room patients.

Study Objectives: Rates of cannabis use disorder (CUD) appear to be increasing nationally, with increases greater in states that legalized cannabis use. However, as legalization has progressed and stigma declined, some of these apparent increases could be due to greater willingness of survey respondents and patients to acknowledge cannabis involvement. Biological indicators of cannabis use overcome some concerns about trends denoted by self-report data whose validity is potentially changing over time.

Effect of non-invasive ventilation on Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major complication of prematurity, leading to long-term pulmonary morbidity. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is associated with ventilator-induced lung injury, oxygen toxicity, and inflammation, all contributing to BPD pathogenesis. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has emerged as a key strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of BPD.

Predictors of Perioperative Stroke in Patients with Ischemic-type Moyamoya Disease Treated with Surgical Revascularization: A retrospective multicenter study.

Introduction: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid arteries and the development of collateral moyamoya vessels. Surgical revascularization is commonly used to prevent future ischemic events in ischemic-type MMD, but there remains a high rate of stroke perioperatively. This study aims to analyze the predictive factors for perioperative stroke in patients with ischemic-type MMD undergoing surgical revascularization using a large multicenter database.

"You just want to kill the pain and get numb:" A mixed methods study investigating the lived experiences of individuals experiencing homelessness enrolled in outpatient methadone treatment.

Background: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) with opioid use disorder (OUD) are at high risk of overdose yet less likely to enroll and stay engaged in standard-of-care treatment for OUD, opioid agonist medication for OUD (MOUD), particularly methadone treatment. Engaging this group in treatment is a public health priority, yet little is known about the experiences of PEH enrolled in MOUD. We sought to understand the housing experiences and perspectives of PEH engaged in methadone treatment using mixed quantitative and qualitative methods.

DHUpredET: A Comparative Computational Approach for Identification of Dihydrouridine Modification Sites in RNA Sequence.

Laboratory-based detection of D sites is laborious and expensive. In this study, we developed effective machine learning models employing efficient feature encoding methods to identify D sites. Initially, we explored various state-of-the-art feature encoding approaches and 30 machine learning techniques for each and selected the top eight models based on their independent testing and cross-validation outcomes.

L1CAM mimetic compound duloxetine improves cognitive impairment in 5xFAD mice and protects Aβ1-42-damaged HT22 cells.

Background: Synapse loss and damage are underlying causes of Alzheimer's disease. Duloxetine has been identified as a mimetic of neural adhesion molecule L1CAM, a neuronal synapse component, suggesting duloxetine could be therapeutic for Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: Cognitive function in 5xFAD mice was evaluated by open field, novel object recognition, and Morris water maze tests.

Sports Medicine Patient-Reported Outcomes Fail to Meet National Institutes of Health (NIH) and American Medical Association (AMA) Recommended Reading Levels.

Purpose: To evaluate the readability of commonly used patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the sports medicine literature to determine if they meet the recommended reading levels set by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the American Medical Association (AMA).

Methods: A readability analysis was conducted on 26 PROMs commonly used in the sports medicine literature. Primary readability metrics used were the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index.

Evaluation of efficacy and fertility after nonradical surgical therapy (extra fascial hysterectomy or cone biopsy, with pelvic lymphadenectomy) for stage IA1, IA2, and IB1 cervical cancer (GOG-0278).

Objective: To estimate the efficacy and perioperative morbidity of nonradical surgery (simple hysterectomy [SH] or cone biopsy [CB] plus pelvic lymphadenectomy [PLND] and to report pregnancy outcomes after CB.

Methods: Prospective international study with 3-year follow-up of patients with stage IA1 (lymphovascular space invasion-positive) to IB1 (≤2 cm) cervical cancer stratified by fertility preservation (CB) or none (SH) (both with PLND). Criteria included ≤10 mm stromal invasion and negative margins on loop electrosurgical excision procedure or CB.

Use of multi-resolution, three-dimensional hydrodynamic and water-quality models to assess response to nutrient load reductions in Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor estuary, New Jersey, USA.

A coupled three-dimensional hydrodynamic water-quality model has been applied to Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor Estuary, a shallow, back-barrier lagoon located along the central New Jersey coastline. The study aims to enhance understanding of phytoplankton dynamics and nutrient cycling and to quantify estuarine response to potential nutrient load management strategies. The model was calibrated with data from Spring and Summer of 2012 and adequately reproduced spatiotemporal water-quality variability, distribution patterns, trends, and gradients throughout the system.