Different forms of stigma and rural primary care professionals' willingness to prescribe buprenorphine.

Introduction: Buprenorphine and other medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are highly effective but substantially under prescribed in the rural United States. Among the most cited barriers to buprenorphine prescribing is stigma, yet little progress has been made in developing successful strategies to reduce stigma and increase access to life-saving medication. One of the key challenges to developing successful implementation strategies is understanding the different types of stigma that limit implementation.

Brief Report: Preventing Infusion-related Reactions With Intravenous Amivantamab: Results From SKIPPirr, a Phase 2 Study.

Introduction: Amivantamab, an EGFR-MET bispecific antibody, is approved for multiple indications in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as monotherapy or combined with other agents. Intravenous amivantamab is associated with a 67% infusion-related reactions (IRR) rate.

Methods: The phase 2 SKIPPirr study (NCT05663866) enrolled patients with EGFR-mutated (Ex19del/L858R) advanced NSCLC after progression on osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy who received intravenous amivantamab plus oral lazertinib (amivantamab-lazertinib), a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Linear and angular impulse generated by high school pitchers during fastballs and changeups.

This study revealed how high school pitchers generated momenta during fastballs and changeups at a whole-body level. Baseball pitchers control ground reaction forces to generate whole-body momentum. Pitchers attempt to throw as fast and accurately as possible during fastballs but also need to throw off-speed pitches like changeups to deceive batters.

Characterizing the relationship between personality dimensions and psychosis-specific clinical characteristics.

Background: Past studies associating personality with psychosis have been limited by small nonclinical samples and a focus on general symptom burden. This study uses a large clinical sample to examine personality's relationship with psychosis-specific features and compare personality dimensions across clinically and neurobiologically defined categories of psychoses.

Methods: A total of 1352 participants with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar with psychosis, as well as 623 healthy controls (HC), drawn from the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (BSNIP-2) study, were included.

Use of images to assess awareness and use of emerging nicotine pouch products.

Introduction: Accurate measurement is critical for understanding the population health impact of nicotine pouches, yet precise, standardized measures of nicotine pouch use are lacking, possibly driving disparate prevalence estimates across studies. We implemented a split sample survey experiment to assess the impact of including a product image when asking about nicotine pouches.

Methods: We randomized an online sample of US adults ages 18-45 (N=2,130) recruited through the February 2023 wave of the Rutgers Omnibus Study to view either a text-only or text-plus-image description of oral nicotine pouches before being asked about awareness of the products.

Metabolic adaptations to acute glucose uptake inhibition converge upon mitochondrial respiration for leukemia cell survival.

One hallmark of cancer is the upregulation and dependency on glucose metabolism to fuel macromolecule biosynthesis and rapid proliferation. Despite significant pre-clinical effort to exploit this pathway, additional mechanistic insights are necessary to prioritize the diversity of metabolic adaptations upon acute loss of glucose metabolism. Here, we investigated a potent small molecule inhibitor to Class I glucose transporters, KL-11743, using glycolytic leukemia cell lines and patient-based model systems.

Diagnosis of lung cancer using salivary miRNAs expression and clinical characteristics.

Objective: Lung cancer (LC), the primary cause for cancer-related death globally is a diverse illness with various characteristics. Saliva is a readily available biofluid and a rich source of miRNA. It can be collected non-invasively as well as transported and stored easily.

Research on the application effect of self-transcendence nursing model in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is hyperglycemia in special populations (pregnant women), however gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) not only affects maternal health, but also has profound effects on offspring health. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in my country is gradually increasing.

Objective: To study the application effect of self-transcendence nursing model in GDM patients.

Empathy and helping: the role of affect in response to others' suffering.

Decades of research hold that empathy is a multifaceted construct. A related challenge in empathy research is to describe how each subcomponent of empathy uniquely contributes to social outcomes. Here, we examined distinct mechanisms through which different components of empathy-Empathic Concern, Perspective Taking, and Personal Distress-may relate to prosociality.

Overexpression of PLCG2 and TMEM38A inhibit tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is a prevalent urological malignancy, imposing substantial burdens on both patients and society. In our study, we used bioinformatics methods to select four putative target genes associated with EMT and prognosis and developed a nomogram model which could accurately predicting 5-year patient survival rates. We further analyzed proteome and single-cell data and selected PLCG2 and TMEM38A for the following experiments.

Ethnicity predicts long-term depressive symptom patterns in older adults with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: Depression is a chronic disorder that significantly affects functional decline in older adults, especially those with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Ethnic groups may experience different depression risks and severities, yet the effect of ethnicity on depression trajectories and specific dimensions in older adults with T2D remains largely unexamined. We examined the longitudinal associations of ethnicity with depression and its specific dimensions over time in older Ashkenazi and non-Ashkenazi Jews with T2D.

Longitudinal integrated proteomic and metabolomic skin changes in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab.

Background: Inhibition of IL-4/IL-13 driven inflammation by dupilumab has shown significant clinical benefits in treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: To assess longitudinal protein and metabolite composition in AD skin during dupilumab treatment.

Methods: Skin tape strip (STS) were collected from lesional/non-lesional skin of 20 AD patients during 16-week dupilumab treatment and from 20 healthy volunteers (HV) followed for 16-weeks.

Demystifying Authenticity: Behavioral and Neurophysiological Signatures of Self-Positivity for Authentic and Presented Selves.

Authenticity has captivated scholars. But what is it? An emerging view considers it exaggerated favorability (self-enhancement), whereas traditional views regard it as self-accuracy and self-consistency. We tested these theoretical views by contrasting the authentic self with the presented self, a highly desirable representation.

A Primer on Proteomic Characterization of Intercellular Communication in a Virus Microenvironment.

Intercellular communication is fundamental to multicellular life and a core determinant of outcomes during viral infection, where the common goals of virus and host for persistence and replication are generally at odds. Hosts rely on encoded innate and adaptive immune responses to detect and clear viral pathogens, while viruses can exploit or disrupt these pathways and other intercellular communication processes to enhance their spread and promote pathogenesis. While virus-induced signaling can result in systemic changes to the host, striking alterations are observed within the cellular microenvironment directly surrounding a site of infection, termed the virus microenvironment (VME).

Safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in adults with generalised myasthenia gravis (Vivacity-MG3): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Given burdensome side-effects and long latency for efficacy with conventional agents, there is a continued need for generalised myasthenia gravis treatments that are safe and provide consistently sustained, long-term disease control. Nipocalimab, a neonatal Fc receptor blocker, was associated with dose-dependent reductions in total IgG and anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies and clinically meaningful improvements in the Myasthenia Gravis Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scale in patients with generalised myasthenia gravis in a phase 2 study. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of nipocalimab in a phase 3 study.

Structural and functional analysis of SAM-dependent N-methyltransferases involved in ovoselenol and ovothiol biosynthesis.

Thio/selenoimidazole Nπ-methyltransferases are an emerging family of enzymes catalyzing the final step in the production of the S/Se-containing histidine-derived antioxidants ovothiol and ovoselenol. These enzymes, prevalent in prokaryotes, show minimal sequence similarity to other methyltransferases, and the structural determinants of their reactivities remain poorly understood. Herein, we report ligand-bound crystal structures of OvsM from the ovoselenol pathway as well as a member of a previously unknown clade of standalone ovothiol-biosynthetic Nπ-methyltransferases, which we have designated OvoM.

Effect of surface roughness on the efficacy of Plasma Activated Mist (PAM) for inactivation of Listeria innocua and Klebsiella michiganensis.

Cold plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and DBD combined with nebulized liquid microdroplets to generate plasma-activated mist (PAM) have shown the potential as a surface decontamination method for the food industry. The objective of this research was to measure the microbial inactivation caused by DBD and by PAM on tryptic soy agar (TSA) and on glass slides and to determine the efficacy of PAM on selected surfaces having different surface topographies. Tryptic soy agar in Petri dishes and on glass slides (surface roughness Pq = 0.

Groundwater flowpath characteristics drive variability in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) loading across a stream-wetland system.

Groundwater-dependent ecosystems in areas with industrial land use are at risk of exposure to a PFAS chemicals. We investigated one such system with several known PFAS source areas, where high and low permeability sediments (glacial) coupled with groundwater-lake and groundwater/surface-water interactions created complex 'source to seep' dynamics. Using heat-tracing and chemical methods, numerous preferential groundwater discharge zones were identified and sampled across the upper Quashnet River stream-wetland system in Mashpee, MA, USA, downgradient of Joint Base Cape Cod (JBCC).

From solubility to efficiency: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) regeneration from anion exchange resins.

This study investigated the regenerability of anion exchange resins for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), focusing on the interaction between regenerant composition and resin characteristics. The influence of salt type and concentration on PFAS solubility revealed a general decline in perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) solubility with increased salt concentrations, most strongly with KCl followed by NaCl and NHCl. Mixed solubility results were observed for perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).

Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients Who Have Survived an Episode of Sepsis in the United States: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Sepsis is a serious condition that may lead to death or profoundly affect the well-being of those who survive. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize evidence on the impact of all-cause sepsis on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes among sepsis survivors in the USA.

Methods: Studies assessing HRQoL, physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes in patients who survived an episode of sepsis and published from January 1, 2010, to September 30, 2023, were systematically identified through EMBASE, MEDLINE, and MEDLINE In-Process databases, as well as through gray literature.

Quantifying natural amyloid plaque accumulation in the continuum of Alzheimer's disease using ADNI.

Brain amyloid beta neuritic plaque accumulation is associated with an increased risk of progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) [Pfeil, J., et al. in Neurobiol Aging 106: 119-129, 2021].

Utilization of Potentially Inappropriate Sedative-Hypnotic and Atypical Antipsychotic Medications among Elderly Individuals with Insomnia and Alzheimer's Disease.

Study Objectives: This study assessed the utilization of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) including oral sedative-hypnotic and atypical antipsychotic (OSHAA), healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and costs among elderly individuals with insomnia and in the subpopulation with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) who also had a diagnosis of insomnia.

Methods: Using claims database containing International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes, the cohort included individuals aged ≥ 65 with incident insomnia (EI, N=152,969) and AD insomnia subpopulation (ADI, N=4,888). Proportion of patients utilizing atypical antipsychotics or oral sedative-hypnotic medications, namely z-drugs, benzodiazepines, doxepin, Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORAs), and melatonin agonists, were assessed.

Virtual screening: hope, hype, and the fine line in between.

Introduction: Technological advancements in virtual screening (VS) have rapidly accelerated its application in drug discovery, as reflected by the exponential growth in VS-related publications. However, a significant gap remains between the volume of computational predictions and their experimental validation. This discrepancy has led to a rise in the number of unverified 'claimed' hits which impedes the drug discovery efforts.