T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination are elevated in B cell deficiency and reduce risk of severe COVID-19.

Individuals with primary and pharmacologic B cell deficiencies have high rates of severe disease and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the immune responses and clinical outcomes after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination have yet to be fully defined. Here, we evaluate the cellular immune responses after both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in patients receiving the anti-CD20 therapy rituximab (RTX) and those with low B cell counts due to common variable immune deficiency (CVID) disease. Assessment of effector and memory CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 revealed elevated reactivity and proliferative capacity after both infection and vaccination in B cell-deficient individuals, particularly within the CD8 T cell compartment, in comparison with healthy controls.

Decolorization of Textile Azo Dye via Solid-State Fermented Wheat Bran by sp. YZH1.

Textile dyes are one of the major water pollutants released into water in various ways, posing serious hazards for both aquatic organisms and human beings. Bioremediation is a significantly promising technique for dye decolorization. In the present study, the fungal strain sp.

Efficacy and safety of avacopan in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis receiving rituximab in a randomised trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of avacopan in the subgroup of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis receiving background induction therapy with rituximab in the phase 3 ADVOCATE trial.

Methods: Key efficacy outcomes were remission at week 26 and sustained remission at week 52. Additional outcomes included the Glucocorticoid Toxicity Index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, health-related quality of life and safety.

Wireless broadband acousto-mechanical sensing system for continuous physiological monitoring.

The human body generates various forms of subtle, broadband acousto-mechanical signals that contain information on cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal health with potential application for continuous physiological monitoring. Existing device options, ranging from digital stethoscopes to inertial measurement units, offer useful capabilities but have disadvantages such as restricted measurement locations that prevent continuous, longitudinal tracking and that constrain their use to controlled environments. Here we present a wireless, broadband acousto-mechanical sensing network that circumvents these limitations and provides information on processes including slow movements within the body, digestive activity, respiratory sounds and cardiac cycles, all with clinical grade accuracy and independent of artifacts from ambient sounds.

Punctuated equilibrium at 50: Anything there for evolutionary anthropology? Yes; definitely.

The theory of punctuated equilibrium (PE) was developed a little over 50 years ago to explain long-term, large-scale appearance and disappearance of species in the fossil record. A theory designed specifically for that purpose cannot be expected, out of the box, to be directly applicable to biocultural evolution, but in revised form, PE offers a promising approach to incorporating not only a wealth of recent empirical research on genetic, linguistic, and technological evolution but also large databases that document human biological and cultural diversity across time and space. Here we isolate the fundamental components of PE and propose which pieces, when reassembled or renamed, can be highly useful in evolutionary anthropology, especially as humanity faces abrupt ecological challenges on an increasingly larger scale.

A Gap in Mission: The Disparate Missions of Medical Schools and Teaching Hospitals.

Objective: The social contract mandates that in return for the government-funded labor of residents and fellows, the medical profession trains, to the best of its ability, the physicians of our future. This contract obligates graduate medical education (GME) to utilize all available information to create an optimal learning environment for its trainees. Business research has determined that a clearly defined mission statement is associated with improved employee engagement, retention, and wellness.

A conserved complex of microneme proteins mediates rhoptry discharge in Toxoplasma.

Apicomplexan parasites discharge specialized organelles called rhoptries upon host cell contact to mediate invasion. The events that drive rhoptry discharge are poorly understood, yet essential to sustain the apicomplexan parasitic life cycle. Rhoptry discharge appears to depend on proteins secreted from another set of organelles called micronemes, which vary in function from allowing host cell binding to facilitation of gliding motility.

Photobiological modulation of hepatoma cell lines and hepatitis B subviral particles secretion in response to 650 nm low level laser treatment.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health concern, with an increased incidence and risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients chronically infected with HBV are likely to experience chronic oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. Photobiomodulation is induced by the absorption of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with a red or infrared laser by cytochrome C oxidase enzyme, resulting in mitochondrial photoactivation.

Measuring midwives' perceptions of their practice climate across racial-ethnic identities: An invariance analysis of the Midwifery Practice Climate Scale.

Diversification of the midwifery workforce is key to addressing disparities in maternal health in the United States. Midwives who feel supported in their practice environments report less burnout and turnover; therefore, creating positive practice environments for midwives of color is an essential component of growing and retaining midwives of color in the workforce. The Midwifery Practice Climate Scale (MPCS) is a 10-item instrument developed through multiphase empirical analysis to measure midwives' practice environments, yet the MPCS had not been independently tested with midwives of color.

Short-term effects of low-level laser versus ultrasound therapy on children's neck posture after long-term use of electronic devices.

The purpose of the study was to compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), ultrasound therapy (US), and strengthening and stretching exercise in children diagnosed with cervical straightening caused by long-term use of electronic devices. A total of 60 patients from 12 to 18 years of both gender diagnosed with straight neck syndrome which is losing the normal C shape of cervical vertebrae. Patients were randomized into three groups.

Synchronized wearables for the detection of haemodynamic states via electrocardiography and multispectral photoplethysmography.

Cardiovascular health is typically monitored by measuring blood pressure. Here we describe a wireless on-skin system consisting of synchronized sensors for chest electrocardiography and peripheral multispectral photoplethysmography for the continuous monitoring of metrics related to vascular resistance, cardiac output and blood-pressure regulation. We used data from the sensors to train a support-vector-machine model for the classification of haemodynamic states (resulting from exposure to heat or cold, physical exercise, breath holding, performing the Valsalva manoeuvre or from vasopressor administration during post-operative hypotension) that independently affect blood pressure, cardiac output and vascular resistance.

Surface modification of a screen-printed electrode with a flower-like nanostructure to fabricate a guanine DNA-based electrochemical biosensor to determine the anticancer drug pemigatinib.

The present study developed a DNA biosensor to determine pemigatinib for the first time. Three-dimensional carnation flower-like Eu:β-MnO nanostructures (3D CF-L Eu:β-MnO NSs) and a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with polyaniline (PA) were employed. The double-stranded DNA was also immobilized completely on the PA/3D CF-L Eu:β-MnO NSs/SPE.

Some metals and metalloids in the blood of three species of shorebirds increase while foraging during two-week migratory stopover in Delaware Bay, New Jersey.

Most migratory shorebird species are declining, some are endangered, and some may be vulnerable to contaminants on long distance travel between wintering grounds and high latitude breeding grounds. We examined whether shorebirds accumulated trace elements at the Delaware Bay (New Jersey) stopover by testing the null hypothesis that there was no difference in the levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium in blood of three species of shorebirds collected early in their stopover compared to levels in blood collected about two weeks later near the end of the stopover, before departing for breeding grounds. There were significantly higher levels of all metals and metalloids in the blood of ruddy turnstone (Arenaria interpres) later in May than earlier.

Providing culturally responsive care in a pediatric setting: are our trainees ready?

Background: Extensive data consistently demonstrates inequities in access and delivery of healthcare for patients from historically marginalized populations, resulting in poorer health outcomes. To address this systemic oppression in healthcare, it is necessary to embed principles of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) at an early stage within medical education. This study aimed to assess pediatric trainees' perceived interest in EDI curricula as well as their confidence in applying this knowledge to provide culturally responsive care.

A Mixed-Methods Approach to the Development of a Disaster Food Security Framework.

Background: Limited research on food systems and food insecurity (FI) following disasters finds contextual differences in post-disaster food systems that shape dimensions of FI. Measurement limitations make it difficult to address FI and develop effective practices for disaster-affected communities.

Objective: To develop, validate, and test a Disaster Food Security Framework (DFSF).

Interleukin-36γ is causative for liver damage upon infection with Rift Valley fever virus in type I interferon receptor-deficient mice.

Type I interferons (IFN) are pro-inflammatory cytokines which can also exert anti-inflammatory effects via the regulation of interleukin (IL)-1 family members. Several studies showed that interferon receptor (IFNAR)-deficient mice develop severe liver damage upon treatment with artificial agonists such as acetaminophen or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. In order to investigate if these mechanisms also play a role in an acute viral infection, experiments with the family member Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) were performed.

Operationalizing cultural adaptation to climate change: contemporary examples from United States agriculture.

It has been proposed that climate adaptation research can benefit from an evolutionary approach. But related empirical research is lacking. We advance the evolutionary study of climate adaptation with two case studies from contemporary United States agriculture.

Diagnostic efficacy of systemic immune-inflammation biomarkers in benign prostatic hyperplasia using receiver operating characteristic and artificial neural network.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by mesenchymal cell-predominance and stromal and glandular cell-hyperproliferation. Although, the precise cause of BPH is unknown, it is believed to be associated with hormonal changes in aging men. Despite androgens and ageing are likely to play a role in the development of BPH, the pathophysiology of BPH remains uncertain.

Effects of laser acupuncture on anthropometric parameters and lipid profile in obese adolescents.

The purpose was to compare the effects of diet and exercise and laser interference and maneuver on anthropometric parameters and blood effects of object agents. The study was a randomized controlled longitudinal study. It included 45 adolescents from both sexes who were divided randomly into two groups: one group was treated with low calorie diet and exercise as group A and group B was treated with low calorie diet, exercise, and laser acupuncture.

[Directive clinique n 441 : Surveillance prénatale du bien-être fœtal].

Objectif: Résumer les données probantes actuelles et formuler des recommandations pour la surveillance prénatale du bien-être fœtal afin de détecter les facteurs de risque périnatal et toute potentielle décompensation fœtale et de permettre une intervention rapide en prévention de la morbidité et la mortalité périnatales.

Population Cible: Personnes enceintes avec ou sans facteurs maternels, fœtaux ou gravidiques associés à des risques périnataux et à la décompensation fœtale.

Options: Utiliser des examens prénataux par technologie de base et/ou avancée en fonction des facteurs de risque de décompensation fœtale.