74 results match your criteria: "NHO Kyushu Cancer Center[Affiliation]"

Is Sublobar Resection Feasible for High-Risk Pathologic Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?

Ann Surg Oncol

December 2024

Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Background: Sublobar resection is the standard procedure for cT1N0 stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) size ≤2 cm. However, its efficacy for high-risk pathologic stage I cases with a preoperative diagnosis of cT1N0 stage I NSCLC size ≤2 cm remains unclear. This study compared the outcomes of sublobar resection with those of lobectomy from a pathologic perspective.

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Introduction: Hand-foot-skin reaction (HFSR) is the most common side effect of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Sarcopenia has been reported to be a poor prognostic factor for HCC. Here, we performed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the efficacy of a β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate/L-arginine/L-glutamine (HMB/Arg/Gln) beverage and locomotion training as supportive care in the treatment of uHCC with lenvatinib.

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Co-infections with human papillomavirus (HPV) of multiple genotypes mainly occur due to increased sexual activity. To address the prevalence and trend of HPV co-infections in Japan, HPV-type-specific data from Japanese women (n = 8128) aged < 40 years and newly diagnosed with cervical abnormalities at 24 hospitals between 2012 and 2023 were analyzed. These included cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1/2 (CIN1/2, n = 2745), CIN3/adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) (n = 3953), and invasive cervical cancer (ICC, n = 1430).

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Article Synopsis
  • Osteosarcopenia, a condition combining sarcopenia and osteopenia, is linked to poor survival rates in patients who have undergone biliary tract cancer (BTC) resection.
  • A study of 109 patients revealed that 28% had osteosarcopenia, which was associated with higher rates of lymph node metastasis and worse disease-free and overall survival outcomes.
  • The findings indicate that osteosarcopenia is an important prognostic factor for predicting adverse outcomes following BTC surgery.
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  • - The study examined the role of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations as biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma, analyzing data from 847 patients across 21 centers in Japan from 2015 to 2018.
  • - Results showed that while PD-L1 expression was linked to shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) in both EGFR-mutant and wild-type patients, it had no effect on overall survival (OS) in EGFR-mutant patients.
  • - The findings suggest that PD-L1 expression is a poor predictor of OS for EGFR-mutant patients and does not influence the effectiveness of post-relapse treatment with EGFR-
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Microsatellite instability (MSI) is now widely used as an indispensable biomarker. However, the relationship between MSI-H (high) and defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is not as straightforward as has been expected. Genome-edited cells carrying Lynch syndrome mutations do not exhibit drastic MSI typical in MSI-H (i.

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  • - The study investigates how splenic vein occlusion (SpVO) from pancreatic tumors affects surgical outcomes and complications in patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy (DP).
  • - Out of 124 patients analyzed, 20.8% had SpVO, leading to longer surgery times and more postoperative complications compared to those with open splenic veins.
  • - The findings suggest that understanding collateral circulation patterns can aid in better surgical planning to minimize complications related to left-sided portal hypertension caused by SpVO.
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Purpose: We developed a self-directed Leg And Walking Self-exercise (LAWS) program informed by the Exercise is Medicine initiative and evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of this program in older adults with cancer.

Methods: Over a 1-year period, we prospectively enrolled 40 older adults who received a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) at a geriatric oncology service and initiated a new line of systemic therapy for advanced cancer as inpatients. LAWS is a tailored, self-directed exercise program consisting of leg resistance training and walking.

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  • * The patient group consisted of nearly equal numbers of men and women, with a mean age of 62 years, and the UE procedures were performed by various types of surgeons, including plastic, orthopedic, and general surgeons.
  • * Results showed high rates of inappropriate surgical techniques, with many patients requiring re-excisions and subsequent soft-tissue reconstruction, highlighting the need for improved education on sarcoma management for all surgeons.
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Introduction: HER2 mutations are reported to occur in 2%-5% of all cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) plus platinum-based chemotherapy as 1st line treatment still remain unclear.

Methods: Using the large-scale clinico-genomic database of LC-SCRUM-Asia, the clinico-genomic characteristics and therapeutic outcomes of patients with HER2-mutant NSCLC were investigated.

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Introduction: EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been the standard treatment for patients with NSCLC who have sensitive mutations. This study revealed final analysis survival data, biomarkers, and resistance mechanisms of osimertinib plus bevacizumab or osimertinib monotherapy in previously untreated patients with advanced -positive nonsquamous NSCLC.

Methods: We previously reported the primary results of a randomized, open-label, phase 2 study comparing osimertinib plus bevacizumab with osimertinib monotherapy for this population.

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  • - In the CAPItello-291 study, capivasertib combined with fulvestrant showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared to placebo in patients with advanced HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer, including those with specific genetic alterations (PIK3CA, AKT1, or PTEN).
  • - Among the 708 total patients, 78 were from Japan, where results also indicated a numerical PFS benefit for the capivasertib-fulvestrant group, suggesting consistency with global findings.
  • - The safety profile for the Japanese subgroup was similar to that of the worldwide population, indicating no new safety concerns, thus supporting the efficacy of the treatment approach.
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Background: Capmatinib has previously shown activity in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and a MET exon 14-skipping mutation (METex14). Here, we report the final outcomes from the phase 2 GEOMETRY mono-1 study with an aim to provide further evidence for the activity of capmatinib.

Methods: In this non-randomised, multi-cohort, open-label, phase 2 trial conducted in 152 centres and hospitals in 25 countries, with patients treated in 95 centres in 20 countries, eligible patients (aged ≥18 years) with MET-dysregulated, EGFR wild-type, and ALK rearrangement-negative advanced NSCLC (stage IIIB/IV) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were assigned to cohorts (1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 5b, 6 and 7) based on their MET status (METex14 or MET amplification) and previous therapy lines.

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  • - The study investigates the effectiveness of S-1, a drug used after surgery for biliary tract cancer, and its relationship with certain genes involved in the metabolism of the chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
  • - Researchers analyzed tumor samples from 183 patients and categorized them based on their DPD and TP gene levels to see how these affected recurrence-free survival (RFS) when treated with S-1.
  • - Findings indicated that patients with low levels of DPD and TP genes had better RFS benefits from adjuvant S-1, highlighting the potential prognostic significance of these genes in treatment outcomes.
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  • - Comprehensive genomic profiling using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has potential in capturing tumor diversity and improving therapy choices, but it's not fully utilized in clinical settings, especially for advanced solid tumors.
  • - The GOZILA study found that ctDNA profiling led to a 24% match rate for targeted therapies, significantly improving patient outcomes, with those receiving matched treatments experiencing better overall survival rates compared to those who were unmatched.
  • - Key ctDNA characteristics, like biomarker clonality and plasma copy number, serve as indicators of treatment effectiveness, suggesting that ctDNA can enhance precision in oncology and should be more widely used to optimize patient survival in advanced solid tumors.
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Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there is little evidence supporting its use in older adults. Low-dose daily carboplatin combined with thoracic radiotherapy is considered a standard regimen for this population.

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We present a unique case of metastatic metaplastic breast carcinoma responding dramatically to immunochemotherapy. A 46-year-old Japanese woman with primary metaplastic carcinoma of the breast, which was immunohistochemically confirmed to be triple-negative breast cancer, underwent radical surgery, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with an anthracycline and a taxane. Since multiple lung metastases were detected two months post-chemotherapy and the primary site was shown to be PD-L1-positive, the immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) pembrolizumab plus gemcitabine/carboplatin was initiated.

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Background: Distant metastases from lung cancer are commonly found in the brain, bone, and liver. Metastases to the breast from non-mammary malignancies are extremely rare, and their clinical presentations remain unclear.

Case Presentation: We herein report a case of bilateral breast metastases from anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive advanced lung cancer in a 51-year-old Japanese male patient.

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Article Synopsis
  • CAPItello-291 is a phase 3 clinical trial studying the effects of capivasertib combined with fulvestrant on progression-free survival in patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who experienced relapse after aromatase inhibitors.
  • The trial involved a diverse group of participants, including both men and women aged 18 and older, and was conducted across 193 centers in 19 countries, focusing on those with a specific type of breast cancer and previous treatment history.
  • Researchers also assessed the impact of this treatment on quality of life, symptoms, and tolerability, aiming to analyze how the new combination therapy affects overall health and wellbeing beyond just cancer progression.
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Background: FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab is a standard first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, due to the severe toxicities, this regimen is not widely used. There is limited data on the real-world efficacy and safety.

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Introduction: Achieving an adequate surgical plane through optimal traction is crucial for liver parenchymal transection in minimally invasive liver surgery (MILS). MILS is more technically demanding than open liver surgery because of limited instrument mobility and the inability to use the surgeon's hand, potentially leading to iatrogenic injuries. The Pulley maneuver using barbed sutures has been used for laparoscopic hepatectomy; however, the sutures are single-use and may pass through the liver parenchyma, making it uneconomical and inflexible.

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Purpose: HER2-targeted therapies in ERBB2-amplified metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are effective; however, a notable portion of patients do not respond to treatment, and secondary resistance occurs in most patients receiving these treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of treatment efficacy and resistance in patients with ERBB2-amplified mCRC who received HER2-targeted therapy by analyzing multiomics data.

Experimental Design: We investigated genomic data from a nationwide large cancer genomic screening project, the SCRUM-Japan project.

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  • A phase 3 trial evaluated the effectiveness of adding a CTLA-4 inhibitor to standard platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, as no prior studies had focused on this combination's survival benefits.
  • Conducted across 48 hospitals in Japan, the trial involved patients aged 20+ with untreated NSCLC, but had to stop recruitment early due to a concerning number of treatment-related deaths in the nivolumab-ipilimumab group.
  • The final results indicated no significant difference in overall survival between those receiving pembrolizumab and those receiving nivolumab-ipilimumab, with median survival rates of 23.7 months and 20.5
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