TGR5 attenuates DOCA-salt hypertension through regulating histone H3K4 methylation of ENaC in the kidney.

Epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), located in the collecting duct principal cells of the kidney, is responsible for the reabsorption of sodium and plays a critical role in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume and consequently blood pressure. The G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) is a membrane receptor mediating effects of bile acid and is implicated in kidney diseases. The current study aims to investigate whether TGR5 activation in the kidney regulated ENaC expression and potential mechanism.

Nomogram for predicting proliferative lupus nephritis in patients with low-level proteinuria.

Objectives: Proliferative lupus nephritis (LN) is not uncommon in individuals with proteinuria < 0.5 g/24h, highlighting the importance of predicting proliferative nephritis for effective clinical management. We aimed to develop a predictive model for proliferative nephritis in this population.

Clinical features, pathological characteristics, and prognosis of patients with IgA nephropathy complicated with nephrotic syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) occurs in 5-15% of patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), resulting in poorer long-term outcomes compared to those without NS. Clinical features and renal prognosis for patients with both NS and IgAN across different kidney pathologies have not been fully elucidated. This study included patients with primary IgAN through renal biopsy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2001 to November 2021 presenting with NS.

Identification of two distinct clusters in membranous lupus nephritis patients: recognition of a high-risk profile based on unsupervised analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: Membranous lupus nephritis (MLN) traditionally includes class V (alone) and may be associated with other classes (III or IV). The clinical, therapeutic and prognosis relevance of the classification remains controversial.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 412 MLN patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University was followed for a median of 65.

Elevated concentrations of cardiac troponin T are associated with thoracic aortic calcification in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients of stage G3 to G5.

Background: Vascular calcification (VC), especially coronary artery calcification (CAC), serves as a robust predictor of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Recent studies have revealed that the presence of extra-coronary calcifications (ECCs) contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated myocardial injury markers predict mortality risk in CKD patients and are associated with CVD.

Single-cell transcriptomic reveals the peritoneal microenvironmental change in long-term peritoneal dialysis patients with ultrafiltration failure.

The microenvironmental changes in peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) after long-term vintage (LV) of PD in patients with ultrafiltration failure (LV_UF) are unclear. Single-cell sequencing revealed that peritoneal neutrophils were elevated in LV_UF patients, while MRC1-macrophage subcluster decreased compared with PD patients with short vintage (SV) and LV without ultrafiltration failure (LV_NOT_UF). Compared with the LV_NOT_UF group, the upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of monocytes/macrophages in the LV_UF group were involved in inflammatory response and EMT progress.

Glomerular Hematuria as a Predictor of Renal Prognosis in Malignant Hypertension Patients with Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of a Biopsy-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction: Malignant hypertension (mHTN) is a hypertensive emergency. Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a widespread complication of mHTN. Few studies have evaluated whether glomerular hematuria provides prognostic information for renal dysfunction in patients with mHTN-associated TMA.

Association of systemic immune-inflammation index with all-cause and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality in individuals with diabetic kidney disease: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests a potential role of immune response and inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) offers a comprehensive measure of inflammation; however, its relationship with the prognosis of DKD patients remains unclear.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1999 to 2018, this cross-sectional study involved adults diagnosed with DKD.

Identifying subgroups benefiting from intensive glycaemic treatment to improve renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: Insights from the ACCORD trial.

Aims: The ACCORD trial showed that intensive glucose-lowering therapy has a limited impact on renal function decline. We aimed to identify subgroups in the ACCORD population that might derive renal benefits from intensive glucose-lowering therapy.

Materials And Methods: The primary renal outcome included a ≥50% decline in baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate or end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

YAP1 preserves tubular mitochondrial quality control to mitigate diabetic kidney disease.

Renal tubule cells act as a primary site of injury in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), with dysfunctional mitochondrial quality control (MQC) closely associated with progressive kidney dysfunction in this context. Our investigation delves into the observed inactivation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and consequential dysregulation of MQC within renal tubule cells among DKD subjects through bioinformatic analysis of transcriptomics data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis unequivocally underscores the robust diagnostic accuracy of YAP1 and MQC-related genes for DKD.

Combination of rituximab and low-dose glucocorticoids for idiopathic refractory nephrotic syndrome with MCD/FSGS: a single-center prospective cohort study.

Background: The treatment of idiopathic refractory nephrotic syndrome (IRNS) remains a difficult problem in clinical practice. This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of combining low-dose glucocorticoids with rituximab in IRNS treatment.

Methods: This prospective, single-center cohort study enrolled 60 patients who were diagnosed with refractory IRNS with minimal change disease (MCD) or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and treated at First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Nanoparticle-mediated Klotho gene therapy prevents acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease transition through regulating PPARα signaling in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Klotho is an anti-aging protein produced primarily by tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Down-regulated expression of Klotho in injured TECs plays a key pathogenic role in promoting acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) transition, yet therapeutic approaches targeting the restoration of renal Klotho levels remain challenging for clinical application. Here, we synthesize polydopamine-polyethylenimine-l-serine-Klotho plasmid nanoparticles (PPSK NPs), which can safely and selectively deliver the Klotho gene to the injured TECs through binding kidney injury molecule-1 and maintain the expression of Klotho protein.

Impact of Overweight on Renal Prognosis in Malignant Hypertension Patients With Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Objective: Overweight and obesity is a risk factor for hypertension. Malignant hypertension (MHT) is the most severe form of hypertension, and thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), one of its complications, has been linked to significant renal outcomes. However, the impact of overweight and obesity on renal prognosis in MHT patients with TMA is not well understood.

Different Dosage Regimens of Rituximab in Primary Membranous Nephropathy Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is one of the prevalent pathological types of adult primary nephrotic syndrome. Pathogenic autoantibodies targeting podocyte antigens such as phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) lead to the disease. Patients frequently experience notable adverse effects when treated with conventional immunosuppressive therapies.

Clinical and Humanistic Burden of IgAN in Adult Patients: A Global Real-World Survey.

Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a chronic, progressive kidney disease in which proteinuria, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), pain and fatigue are common. How symptoms interact and impact patient quality of life (QoL) in real-world practice is poorly studied. This study investigated how patient and physician symptom perceptions differ and how proteinuria and eGFR correlate with pain, fatigue, and QoL in adult IgAN patients.

Higher Platelet Count Mostly in the Normal Range Is Associated with the First Episode of Peritonitis Risk in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.

Introduction: Platelets play parts in infection and immune processes. However, the association between platelet count and the risk of peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis is unclear.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational, single-center cohort study.

Kidney Outcomes Following Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor vs Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapy for Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Importance: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) on kidney biopsy is a pattern of endothelial injury commonly seen in malignant hypertension (mHTN), but treatment strategies are not well established.

Objective: To evaluate the kidney outcomes of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), specifically sacubitril/valsartan, vs angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) therapy for patients with mHTN-associated TMA.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This single-center cohort study enrolled consecutive patients in China diagnosed with mHTN-associated TMA through kidney biopsy from January 2008 to June 2023.

Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Treating Acute Kidney Injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a disease that is characterized by a rapid decline in renal function and has a relatively high incidence in hospitalized patients. Sepsis, renal hypoperfusion, and nephrotoxic drug exposure are the main causes of AKI. The major therapy measures currently include supportive treatment, symptomatic treatment, and kidney transplantation.

Macrophage iron dyshomeostasis promotes aging-related renal fibrosis.

Renal aging, marked by the accumulation of senescent cells and chronic low-grade inflammation, leads to renal interstitial fibrosis and impaired function. In this study, we investigate the role of macrophages, a key regulator of inflammation, in renal aging by analyzing kidney single-cell RNA sequencing data of C57BL/6J mice from 8 weeks to 24 months. Our findings elucidate the dynamic changes in the proportion of kidney cell types during renal aging and reveal that increased macrophage infiltration contributes to chronic low-grade inflammation, with these macrophages exhibiting senescence and activation of ferroptosis signaling.

Clinicopathological phenotype and outcomes of NCAM-1+ membranous lupus nephritis.

Background: No studies have explored the long-term outcomes of neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1)-associated membranous lupus nephritis (MLN) patients.

Method: We performed immunohistochemical studies on kidney biopsy specimens against NCAM1 in consecutive MLN patients. The clinical and histopathological characteristics and outcomes of cases of NCAM1-associated MLN patients are described and compared with NCAM1-negative patients.

Optical Molecular Probes for Imaging and Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury.

The kidneys play an irreplaceable role in metabolism and excretion. However, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) often occurs due to high local concentrations of drugs, inflammation, and trauma. Activated optical probes with excellent detection performance can effectively identify biomarkers in the initial stage of AKI and play an important role in evaluating AKI and preventing the development of diseases.

Oxymatrine attenuates sepsis-induced inflammation and organ injury via inhibition of HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction that endangers patient lives and is caused by an imbalance in the host defense against infection. Sepsis continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in critically sick patients. Oxymatrine (OMT), a quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens Aiton, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on a number of inflammatory illnesses according to research.

Knockout of integrin αvβ6 protects against renal inflammation in chronic kidney disease by reduction of pro-inflammatory macrophages.

Integrin αvβ6 holds promise as a therapeutic target for organ fibrosis, yet targeted therapies are hampered by concerns over inflammatory-related side effects. The role of αvβ6 in renal inflammation remains unknown, and clarifying this issue is crucial for αvβ6-targeted treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we revealed a remarkable positive correlation between overexpressed αvβ6 in proximal tubule cells (PTCs) and renal inflammation in CKD patients and mouse models.

Effects of cell-free DNA on kidney disease and intervention strategies.

Kidney disease has become a global public health problem. Patients with end-stage kidney disease must rely on dialysis or undergo renal transplantation, placing heavy burdens on their families and society. Therefore, it is important to develop new therapeutic targets and intervention strategies during early stages of chronic kidney disease.