A split-GAL4 driver line resource for neuron types.

Techniques that enable precise manipulations of subsets of neurons in the fly central nervous system (CNS) have greatly facilitated our understanding of the neural basis of behavior. Split-GAL4 driver lines allow specific targeting of cell types in and other species. We describe here a collection of 3060 lines targeting a range of cell types in the adult CNS and 1373 lines characterized in third-instar larvae.

Investigating the Reductive Phosphatization Reaction Pathway in the Synthesis of Transition Metal Phosphates: A Case Study on Titanium Phosphates.

Reductive phosphatization is an original synthesis approach to the formation of transition metal phosphates (TMPs). The approach enables the synthesis of known TMPs, but also new compounds, especially with transition metals in a low-valent state. However, to exploit the enormous potential of this synthesis method, it is necessary to identify and characterize all of the potential intermediates and final synthesis products.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Long-Term Nursing Home Stay or Death Following Hospital Discharge.

Importance: Long-term nursing home stay or death (long-term NH stay or death), defined as new long-term residence in a nursing home or death following hospital discharge, is an important patient-centered outcome.

Objective: To examine whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in long-term NH stay or death among older adults with sepsis, and whether these changes were greater in individuals from racial and ethnic minoritized groups.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study used patient-level data from the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review File, the Master Beneficiary Summary File, and the Minimum Data Set.

Between- and Within-Cluster Spearman Rank Correlations.

Clustered data are common in practice. Clustering arises when subjects are measured repeatedly, or subjects are nested in groups (e.g.

A Generalized Bayesian Stochastic Block Model for Microbiome Community Detection.

Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled the high-throughput profiling of metagenomes and accelerated microbiome studies. Recently, there has been a rise in quantitative studies that aim to decipher the microbiome co-occurrence network and its underlying community structure based on metagenomic sequence data. Uncovering the complex microbiome community structure is essential to understanding the role of the microbiome in disease progression and susceptibility.

Association of Menopause and Rhinitis Among Adult Women in the United States: Findings from the All of Us Research Program.

Objective: The inflammatory role of female hormones has been garnering increased attention in the literature. Studies suggest a link between estrogen and inflammatory conditions of the airways and nasal mucosa. However, there remains a paucity of literature regarding the associations of hormones with rhinitis.

Nutraceuticals and Headache 2024: Riboflavin, Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew, Magnesium, Melatonin, and Butterbur.

Nutraceuticals are not regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration, so a careful literature review is essential to make clinical decisions. Riboflavin or vitamin B2 can be recommended for migraine prevention in adults, but pediatric use is not proven. Adverse events are minimal.

Acute lipid droplet accumulation induced by the inhibition of the phospholipase DDHD2 does not affect the level, solubility, or phosphoserine-129 status of α-synuclein.

α-Synuclein (αS) is a 140 amino-acid neuronal protein highly enriched in presynaptic nerve terminals. Its progressive accumulation in Lewy bodies and neurites is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). A growing number of studies highlights a critical interplay between lipid metabolism and αS biology.

Relationship assessment of microbial community and cometabolic consumption of 2-chlorophenol.

The relationship of microbial community and cometabolic consumption of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP) in a nitrifying sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was studied. The assessment of the population dynamics of the nitrifying sludge during the cometabolic 2-CP consumption with increasing ammonium (NH) concentrations in the SBR showed the presence of 39 different species of which 10 were always present in all cycles. Fifty-five percent of the species found were grouped as Proteobacteria (45% as β-proteobacteria and 10% as γ-proteobacteria class), 30% as Acidobacteria, and 15% as Deinococcus-Thermus phyla.

The MASCC COG-IMPACT: An unmet needs assessment for cancer-related cognitive impairment impact developed by the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer.

Purpose: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) can have a profound impact on the lives of cancer survivors. A multitude of subjective and objective assessment tools exist to assess the presence and severity of CRCI. However, no purpose-built tool exists to assess the unmet needs of cancer survivors directly relating to CRCI.

Optimized genetic tools for neuroanatomical and functional mapping of the Aedes aegypti olfactory system.

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is an emerging model insect for invertebrate neurobiology. We detail the application of a dual transgenesis marker system that reports the nature of transgene integration with circular donor template for CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homology-directed repair at target mosquito chemoreceptor genes. Employing this approach, we demonstrate the establishment of cell-type-specific T2A-QF2 driver lines for the A.

Circulating and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers of Intestinal Fibrosis in Small Bowel Crohn's Disease.

Background: We previously identified circulating and MRI biomarkers associated with the surgical management of Crohn's disease (CD). Here we tested associations between these biomarkers and ileal resection inflammation and collagen content.

Methods: Fifty CD patients undergoing ileal resection were prospectively enrolled at 4 centers.

Automated cell annotation in multi-cell images using an improved CRF_ID algorithm.

Cell identification is an important yet difficult process in data analysis of biological images. Previously, we developed an automated cell identification method called CRF_ID and demonstrated its high performance in whole-brain images (Chaudhary et al., 2021).

The Effect of Cysteine on the Removal of Cadmium in Paddy Soil by Combination with Bioremediation and the Response of the Soil Microbial Community.

Bioremediation is widely recognized as a promising and efficient approach for the elimination of Cd from contaminated paddy soils. However, the Cd removal efficacy achieved through this method remains unsatisfactory and is accompanied by a marginally higher cost. Cysteine has the potential to improve the bioleaching efficiency of Cd from soils and decrease the use cost since it is green, acidic and has a high Cd affinity.

Encapsulated LyeTx III Peptide: Cytotoxic Agent Isolated from Spider Venom.

The discovery of novel cytotoxic drugs is of paramount importance in contemporary medical research, particularly in the search for treatments with fewer side effects and higher specificity. Antimicrobial peptides are an interesting class of molecules for this endeavor. In this context, the LyeTx III, a new peptide extracted from the venom of the spider, stands out.

An Enigmatic Wild Passerine Mortality Event in the Eastern United States.

The ability to rapidly respond to wildlife health events is essential. However, such events are often unpredictable, especially with anthropogenic disturbances and climate-related environmental changes driving unforeseen threats. Many events also are short-lived and go undocumented, making it difficult to draw on lessons learned from past investigations.

Cell Wall Protein 2 as a Vaccine Candidate Protects Mice Against Infection.

Background/objectives: is a Gram-positive, spore-forming enteric pathogen that causes intestinal disorders, including inflammation and diarrhea, primarily through toxin production. Standard treatment options for infection (CDI) involve a limited selection of antibiotics that are not fully effective, leading to high recurrence rates. Vaccination presents a promising strategy for preventing both CDI and its recurrence.

Preparation and Gas-Sensitive Properties of Square-Star-Shaped Leaf-Like BiVO Nanomaterials.

In this study, square-star-shaped leaf-like BiVO nanomaterials were successfully synthesized using a conventional hydrothermal method. The microstructure, elemental composition, and gas-sensing performance of the materials were thoroughly investigated. Morphological analysis revealed that BiVO prepared at different reaction temperatures exhibited square-star-shaped leaf-like structures, with the most regular and dense structures formed at 150 °C, exhibiting a large specific surface area of 2.

Various Sizes and Shapes of Mixed-Anion Fe(NHtrz)(BF)(SiF)@SiO Nanohybrid Particles Undergoing Spin Crossover Just Above Room Temperature.

Spin crossover (SCO) iron (II) coordination compounds in the form of nanohybrid SCO@SiO particles were prepared using a reverse micelles technique based on the TritonX-100/cyclohexane/water ternary system. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) acts as precursor of both the SiF counter-anion and SiO to obtain Fe(NHtrz)(BF)(SiF)@SiO nanoparticles with different sizes and morphologies while modifying the TEOS concentration and reaction time. The adjustable mixed-anion strategy leads to a range of quite scarce abrupt spin crossover behaviors with hysteresis just above room temperature (ca.

Arginylation of ⍺-tubulin at E77 regulates microtubule dynamics via MAP1S.

Arginylation is the posttranslational addition of arginine to a protein by arginyltransferase-1 (ATE1). Previous studies have found that ATE1 targets multiple cytoskeletal proteins, and Ate1 deletion causes cytoskeletal defects, including reduced cell motility and adhesion. Some of these defects have been linked to actin arginylation, but the role of other arginylated cytoskeletal proteins has not been studied.

Serological Profile of Anti- Antibodies in Liver Transplant Recipients.

, a globally distributed obligatory intracellular opportunistic parasite that has infected one third of the world population, has different transmission routes including via organ transplantation. The liver has emerged as a frequent transplanted organ in which the transmission of can occur between seropositive donors and seronegative recipients. Allied with immunosuppressive therapy, the presence of latent infection in recipients elevates the risk of severe toxoplasmosis.

Serious Bacterial Infections and Hepatitis C Virus Among People Who Inject Drugs: A Syndemic or Intertwined Epidemics?

Limited research has examined the possible synergistic interrelationships between serious bacterial infections (SBIs) of the heart (i.e., endocarditis), bone, spine, brain, or joints (e.

Anthoteibinenes F-Q: New Sesquiterpenes from the Irish Deep-Sea Coral .

New technology has opened opportunities for research and exploration of deep-water ecosystems, highlighting deep-sea coral reefs as a rich source of novel bioactive natural products. During our ongoing investigation of the chemodiversity of the Irish deep sea and the soft coral we report 12 unreported cadinene-like functionalized sesquiterpenes, anthoteibinenes F-Q. The metabolites were isolated using both bioassay- and H NMR-guided approaches.

Nauplii Enriched with Soybean Lecithin Enhances Growth Performance, Intestine Morphology, and Desiccation Stress Resistance in Yellow Drum () Larvae.

The inherent deficiency of phospholipids in limits its nutritional value as live prey for marine fish larvae. In our previous study, we optimized a phospholipid enrichment method by incubating nauplii with 10 g of soybean lecithin per m of seawater for 12 h, significantly enhancing their phospholipid content. : The present study evaluated the impact of this enrichment on yellow drum () larvae, focusing on growth performance, intestinal morphology, body composition, weaning success, and desiccation stress resistance.

Targeting SLC4A4: A Novel Approach in Colorectal Cancer Drug Repurposing.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex and increasingly prevalent malignancy with significant challenges in its treatment and prognosis. This study aims to explore the role of the SLC4A4 transporter as a biomarker in CRC progression and its potential as a therapeutic target, particularly in relation to tumor acidity and immune response.

Methods: The study utilized computational approaches, including receptor-based virtual screening and high-throughput docking, to identify potential SLC4A4 inhibitors.