From intuition to innovation: Empirical illustrations of multimodal measurement in psychotherapy research.

Background: This special section underscores the potential of multimodal measurement approaches to transform psychotherapy research. A multimodal approach provides a more comprehensive understanding than any single modality (type of collected information) can provide on its own.

Methods: Traditionally, clinicians and researchers have relied on their intuition, experience, and training to integrate different types of information in a psychotherapy session/treatment.

Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference.

In 2017, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) published a Clinical Practice Guideline Update for the Diagnosis, Evaluation, Prevention, and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder (CKD-MBD). Since then, new lines of evidence have been published related to evaluating disordered mineral metabolism and bone quality and turnover, identifying and inhibiting vascular calcification, targeting vitamin D levels, and regulating parathyroid hormone. For an in-depth consideration of the new insights, in October 2023, KDIGO held a Controversies Conference on CKD-MBD: Progress and Knowledge Gaps Toward Personalizing Care.

β-barrel proteins dictate the effect of core oligosaccharide composition on outer membrane mechanics.

The outer membrane is the defining structure of Gram-negative bacteria. We previously demonstrated that it is a major load-bearing component of the cell envelope and is therefore critical to the mechanical robustness of the bacterial cell. Here, to determine the key molecules and moieties within the outer membrane that underlie its contribution to cell envelope mechanics, we measured cell-envelope stiffness across several sets of mutants with altered outer-membrane sugar content, protein content, and electric charge.

Hemispheric co-lateralization of language and spatial attention reduces performance in dual-task.

Hemispheric specialization of different functions is proposed to confer evolutionary benefits, yet the behavioral impacts of lateralization and its cognitive and neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effect of lateralization pattern between language and spatial attention on dual-task performance and its association with callosal connectivity. Functional lateralization was assessed using fMRI verbal fluency and landmark tasks, and interhemispheric connections were evaluated through diffusion-weighted imaging.

Real-Time Biomarkers of Liver Graft Quality in Hypothermic Oxygenated Machine Perfusion.

: Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion has emerged as a strategy to alleviate ischemic-reperfusion injury in liver grafts. Nevertheless, there is limited data on the effectiveness of hypothermic liver perfusion in evaluating organ quality. This study aimed to introduce a readily accessible real-time predictive biomarker measured in machine perfusate for post-transplant liver graft function.

UHPC Viability for Nuclear Storage Facilities: Synthesis and Critical Review of Durability, Thermal, and Nuclear Properties for Informed Mix Modifications.

Spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from the United States' nuclear power plants has been placed in dry cask storage systems since the 1980s. Due to the lack of a clear path for permanent geological repository for SNF, consolidated and long-term storage solutions that use durable concrete and avoid current aging and licensing challenges are becoming indispensable. Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a rapidly growing advanced concrete solution with superior mechanical and durability properties that can help realize future resilient nuclear storage facilities.

Thyroid disrupting chemicals during pregnancy: an invitation to collaborate in the consortium on thyroid and pregnancy.

This is an invitation letter for the principal investigators and cohort studies to join the Consortium on Thyroid and Pregnancy. The inclusion criteria are population-based cohorts with data on maternal thyroid function during pregnancy and any measurement of known groups of endocrine disrupting chemicals.

Functional genomics pipeline identifies CRL4 inhibition for the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Background: The goal of precision oncology is to find effective therapeutics for every patient. Through the inclusion of emerging therapeutics in a high-throughput drug screening platform, our functional genomics pipeline inverts the common paradigm to identify patient populations that are likely to benefit from novel therapeutic strategies.

Approach: Utilizing drug screening data across a panel of 46 cancer cell lines from 11 tumor lineages, we identified an ovarian cancer-specific sensitivity to the first-in-class CRL4 inhibitors KH-4-43 and 33-11.

Elevated uric acid levels, mortality and cognitive impairment in children with severe malaria.

We investigated the role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of severe malaria (SM) in two independent cohorts of children with SM. Hyperuricemia (blood uric acid ≥ 7 mg dl) was present in 25% of children with SM and was associated with increased in-hospital mortality and postdischarge mortality in both cohorts. Increased blood uric acid levels were also associated with worse scores in overall cognition in children with SM < 5 years old in both cohorts.

Selective Isolation of Surface Grain Boundaries by Oxide Dielectrics Improves Cd(Se,Te) Device Performance.

Cd(Se,Te) photovoltaics (PV) are the most widely deployed thin-film solar technology globally, yet continued efficiency improvements are stymied by challenges at the device hole contacts. The inclusion of solution-processed oxide layers such as AlGaO in the contact stack has yielded improved device open-circuit voltages () and fill factors (FF). However, contradictory mechanisms by which these layers improve the device properties have been proposed by the research community.

Neuroendoscopic lavage for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity: preliminary results at a single institution in the United States.

Objective: The current neurosurgical treatment for intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) of prematurity resulting in posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) seeks to reduce intracranial pressure with temporary and then permanent CSF diversion. In contrast, neuroendoscopic lavage (NEL) directly addresses the intraventricular blood that is hypothesized to damage the ependyma and parenchyma, leading to ventricular dilation and hydrocephalus. The authors sought to determine the feasibility of NEL in PHH.

Identifying Research Priorities for Cognition in CKD: A Delphi Study.

Background: Cognition is a research priority for people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but identification of critical research questions is lacking. This study aimed to determine which cognition-related research questions are most important to CKD stakeholders.

Methods: A modified Delphi technique with 3 survey rounds was used.

Real sounds influence postural stability in people with vestibular loss but not in healthy controls.

Objective: What we hear may influence postural control, particularly in people with vestibular hypofunction. Would hearing a moving subway destabilize people similarly to seeing the train move? We investigated how people with unilateral vestibular hypofunction and healthy controls incorporated broadband and real-recorded sounds with visual load for balance in an immersive contextual scene.

Design: Participants stood on foam placed on a force-platform, wore the HTC Vive headset, and observed an immersive subway environment.

Changes in urinary concentrations of contemporary and emerging chemicals in commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic: Insights from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program.

Previous research indicates that the COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed alterations in behaviors that may impact exposures to environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This includes changes in the use of chemicals found in consumer products, food packaging, and exposure to air pollutants. Within the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program, a national consortium initiated to understand the effects of environmental exposures on child health and development, our objective was to assess whether urinary concentrations of a wide range of potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals varied before and during the pandemic.

Lipreading as a communication strategy to enhance speech recognition in individuals with hearing impairment: a scoping review.

This article explores the existing research evidence on the potential effectiveness of lipreading as a communication strategy to enhance speech recognition in individuals with hearing impairment. A scoping review was conducted, involving a search of six electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Engineering Village, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) for research papers published between January 2013 and June 2023. This study included original research papers with full texts available in English, covering all study designs: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods.

Heterogeneous and multiple conformational transition pathways between pseudoknots of the SARS-CoV-2 frameshift element.

Frameshifting is an essential mechanism employed by many viruses including coronaviruses to produce viral proteins from a compact RNA genome. It is facilitated by specific RNA folds in the frameshift element (FSE), which has emerged as an important therapeutic target. For SARS-CoV-2, a specific 3-stem pseudoknot has been identified to stimulate frameshifting.

Macromolecular interactions and geometrical confinement determine the 3D diffusion of ribosome-sized particles in live cells.

The crowded bacterial cytoplasm is composed of biomolecules that span several orders of magnitude in size and electrical charge. This complexity has been proposed as the source of the rich spatial organization and apparent anomalous diffusion of intracellular components, although this has not been tested directly. Here, we use biplane microscopy to track the 3D motion of self-assembled bacterial genetically encoded multimeric nanoparticles (bGEMs) with tunable size (20 to 50 nm) and charge (-3,240 to +2,700 e) in live cells.

Emotion processing difficulties in ADHD: a Bayesian meta-analysis study.

We investigated whether there is an emotional processing deficit in ADHD and whether this only applies to specific emotional categories. In this PRISMA-compliant systematic review based on a pre-registered protocol ( https://osf.io/egp7d ), we searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, Scopus and Web of Science databases until 3rd December 2023, to identify empirical studies comparing emotional processing in individuals meeting DSM (version III to 5-TR) or ICD (version 9 or 10) criteria for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and in a non-psychiatric control group.

Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations.

The global prevalence and burden of anxiety disorders (ADs) are increasing. However, findings on the acute effects of air pollution on ADs remain inconclusive. We evaluated the effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM), inhalable particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO), and ozone (O), on daily hospital visits for ADs.

HDNLS: Hybrid Deep-Learning and Non-Linear Least Squares-Based Method for Fast Multi-Component T1ρ Mapping in the Knee Joint.

Non-linear least squares (NLS) methods are commonly used for quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially for multi-exponential T1ρ mapping, which provides precise parameter estimation for different relaxation models in tissues, such as mono-exponential (ME), bi-exponential (BE), and stretched-exponential (SE) models. However, NLS may suffer from problems like sensitivity to initial guesses, slow convergence speed, and high computational cost. While deep learning (DL)-based T1ρ fitting methods offer faster alternatives, they often face challenges such as noise sensitivity and reliance on NLS-generated reference data for training.

Xenotransplantation: future frontiers and challenges.

Purpose Of Review: Recent advancements in genetic engineering have propelled the field of xenotransplantation from preclinical models to early compassionate use cases. As first-in-human clinical trials (FIHCTs) approach, we examine recent developments, ethical and regulatory challenges, immunological considerations, and the clinical infrastructure necessary for successful xenotransplantation trials.

Recent Findings: Expanded access transplants of pig hearts, kidneys, and livers have identified key challenges.