Optimizing Tongue Fluid Sampling and Testing Protocols for Enhanced PRRSV Isolation from Perinatal Swine Mortalities.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains a major concern for swine health. Isolating PRRSV is essential for identifying infectious viruses and for vaccine formulation. This study evaluated the potential of using tongue fluid (TF) from perinatal piglet mortalities for PRRSV isolation.

Exploring Gender Differences in the Effects of Diet and Physical Activity on Metabolic Parameters.

Background: Gender differences in metabolic response to lifestyle interventions remain poorly explored. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a six-month Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention combined with regular physical activity on metabolic parameters in overweight adults.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in an obesity clinic in Rome, Italy, involving overweight adults (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m) motivated to improve their lifestyle.

Neuroprotective Actions of Cannabinoids in the Bovine Isolated Retina: Role of Hydrogen Sulfide.

Both hydrogen sulfide and endocannabinoids can protect the neural retina from toxic insults under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The aim of the present study was two-fold: (a) to examine the neuroprotective action of cannabinoids [methanandamide and 2-arachidonyl glycerol (2-AG)] against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative damage in the isolated bovine retina and (b) to evaluate the role of endogenously biosynthesized hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the inhibitory actions of cannabinoids on the oxidative stress in the bovine retina. Isolated neural retinas from cows were exposed to oxidative damage using HO (100 µM) for 10 min.

Non-Viral Delivery Systems to Transport Nucleic Acids for Inherited Retinal Disorders.

Inherited retinal disorders (IRDs) represent a group of challenging genetic conditions that often lead to severe visual impairment or blindness. The complexity of these disorders, arising from their diverse genetic causes and the unique structural and functional aspects of retinal cells, has made developing effective treatments particularly challenging. Recent advancements in gene therapy, especially non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems like liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, dendrimers, and polymersomes, offer promising solutions.

Inductive Power Transfer Coil Misalignment Perception and Correction for Wirelessly Recharging Underground Sensors.

Field implementations of fully underground sensor networks face many practical challenges that have limited their overall adoption. Power management is a commonly cited issue, as operators are required to either repeatedly excavate batteries for recharging or develop complex underground power infrastructures. Prior works have proposed wireless inductive power transfer (IPT) as a potential solution to these power management issues, but misalignment is a persistent issue in IPT systems, particularly in applications involving moving vehicles or obscured (e.

Novel Intravenous Nanoemulsions Based on Cannabidiol-Enriched Hemp Oil-Development and Validation of an HPLC-DAD Method for Cannabidiol Determination.

Background: Intravenous nanoemulsions (NEs) are gaining attention as potential delivery systems for poorly water-soluble substances like cannabidiol (CBD). This study aimed to develop novel NEs based on CBD-enriched hemp oils and evaluate their physiochemical properties.

Methods: The stability of hemp oils enriched with various concentrations of CBD (0.

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy as a Method for Identifying Variation in Puparial Morphology and Establishing Characters for Taxonomic Determination.

Calliphoridae, or blow flies, are of much ecological and practical importance given their roles in decompositional ecology, medical and veterinary myiasis, and forensic entomology. As ephemeral and rapidly developing species, adults are frequently not present for identification, but puparia (the remaining outer integument of the third instar larvae) are frequently found. These heavily sclerotized remains are stable in the environment but they are of a conservative character.

Single-Cell RNA-Seq Uncovers Robust Glial Cell Transcriptional Changes in Methamphetamine-Administered Mice.

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant known to cause neurotoxicity, cognitive deficits, and immune dysregulation in the brain. Despite significant research, the molecular mechanisms driving methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and glial cell dysfunction remain poorly understood. This study investigates how methamphetamine disrupts glial cell function and contributes to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes.

Concordant Patterns of Population Genetic Structure in Food-Deceptive Orchids.

Background: The patterns of inbreeding coefficients () and fine spatial genetic structure (FSGS) were evaluated regarding the mating system and inbreeding depression of food-deceptive orchids, , var. , and , from NE Poland.

Methods: We used 455 individuals, representing nine populations of three taxa and AFLPs, to estimate percent polymorphic loci and Nei's gene diversity, which are calculated using the Bayesian method; ; ; FSGS with the pairwise kinship coefficient (); and AMOVA in populations.

Ethanol Disrupts the Protective Crosstalk Between Macrophages and HBV-Infected Hepatocytes.

About 296 million people worldwide are living with chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection, and outcomes to end-stage liver diseases are potentiated by alcohol. HBV replicates in hepatocytes, but other liver non-parenchymal cells can sense the virus. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of macrophages on HBV marker and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) expressions in hepatocytes.

Chemical Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils and Nanoemulsions of and .

This study aimed to develop gel nanoemulsions (NEs) of Brazilian essential oils (EOs) from and , as well as to perform chemical characterization and investigate the antimicrobial activity of the EOs and NEs. : The main chemical compounds of EO were curzerene (34.80%) and germacrene B (11.

Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells in Colorectal Cancer Patients via Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Markers.

Liquid biopsy methods have gained prominence as minimally invasive tools to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) offer valuable insights into both primary and metastatic lesions. However, validating the CTC test results requires confirmation that the detected cells originate from cancer tissue.

Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Trends, Mortality, and Socioeconomic Disparities in the U.S., 1998-2020.

Background/objectives: We aim to describe the changing inpatient epidemiology of NAFLD in the U.S. and identify major risk factors associated with mortality in the disease among hospitalized pediatric patients.

Body Composition in Preterm Infants: Current Insights and Emerging Perspectives.

In recent years, significant advancements in respiratory and nutritional care have markedly improved the survival rates of preterm infants and enhanced long-term health outcomes. Despite these improvements, emerging research highlights the lasting impacts of early growth patterns on an individual's health trajectory. Adults born prematurely face a higher incidence of health issues related to their early birth.

Advancements in Cardiac Amyloidosis Treatment.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a progressive condition resulting from the deposition of amyloid fibrils in the heart, which leads to severe diastolic dysfunction and restrictive cardiomyopathy. The disease has two main subtypes: light-chain and transthyretin (TTR) CA, with the latter subdivided into wild-type and hereditary forms. Despite advances in diagnostic imaging, early detection remains a challenge due to non-specific symptoms that mimic other cardiac conditions.

Advances in Fluorescence Techniques for the Detection of Hydroxyl Radicals near DNA and Within Organelles and Membranes.

Hydroxyl radicals (OH), the most potent oxidants among reactive oxygen species (ROS), are a major contributor to oxidative damage of biomacromolecules, including DNA, lipids, and proteins. The overproduction of OH is implicated in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and some cardiovascular pathologies. Given the localized nature of OH-induced damage, detecting OH, specifically near DNA and within organelles, is crucial for understanding their pathological roles.

Microscopic Analysis of Temperature Effects on Surface Colonization and Biofilm Morphology of .

represents a diverse group of pathogens commonly associated with food contamination including red meat. Even though pre- and post-harvest cleaning and sanitization procedures are widely implemented at meat processing plants to mitigate the hazard, cells may escape the process by colonizing, on contact, surfaces in the form of a biofilm that functions as an aggregated microbial community to facilitate mutual protection, antimicrobial resistance, proliferation and dissemination. Biofilm development is a complex process that can be affected by a variety of factors including environmental temperature.

Effective management of nonconvulsive status epilepticus following cardiac surgery: a case report.

Background: Epileptic seizures following adult cardiovascular surgery occur in 0.9-3% of patients, with the condition in 3-12% of these patients progressing to status epilepticus (SE). SE is a severe condition that significantly impacts prognosis and necessitates early diagnosis and treatment.

Whole-genome resequencing landscape of adaptive evolution in Relict gull (Larus relictus).

Background: The relict gull (Larus relictus, Charadriiformes, Laridae) classified as vulnerable in the IUCN Red List is defined as a first-class national protected bird in China. However, our knowledge of the evolutionary history of L. relictus is limited.

Mobility of South America's transcontinental drainage divide and shrinkage of the Paraná river basin linked to lithologic and geodynamic controls.

The South American Transcontinental Drainage Divide (TDD) is roughly oriented NE-SW from its Atlantic termination in SE Brazil to its NW termination in the limits between the southwestern edges of the Amazon Craton and the Andean Foreland. Based on a weak spatial coincidence with 90 - 70 Ma igneous intrusions, the origin and stability of the TDD have been attributed to intraplate magmatic activity. Using geomorphic analysis of drainage divides, we infer an overall southward migration of the TDD, even in areas with constrained uplift associated with intrusions.

NONAN GaitPrint: An IMU gait database of healthy older adults.

The continued effort to study gait kinematics and the increased interest in identifying individuals based on their gait patterns could be strengthened by the inclusion of data from older groups. To address this need and complement our previous database on healthy young adults, we present an addition to the Nonlinear Analysis Core (NONAN) GaitPrint database. We offer full-body inertial measurement data during self-paced overground walking on a 200 m indoor track of 41 older adults (56 + years old; 20 men and 21 women; age: 64.

Segmental analysis of human hair reveals intra-annual variation in 25(OH)D concentrations in modern and archaeological individuals.

Vitamin D is essential for healthy skeletal growth and is increasingly recognised for its role in chronic disease development, inflammation and immunity. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are an indicator of vitamin D status and are normally analysed in plasma or serum samples in clinical settings, while archaeological studies rely on the identification of skeletal markers of vitamin D deficiency, such as rickets. Here, we determined 25(OH)D concentrations in hair specimens ('locks') that had been sampled close to the root, aligned by cut end, and sliced into sequential segments from participants (n = 16), from Aberdeen, Scotland, using a modified protocol designed to minimise sample size.

Description and phylogenetic position of an unusual genus and species of allocreadiid trematode from a characid freshwater fish in South America.

The worldwide distributed family Allocreadiidae Looss, 1902 is predominantly parasitic in freshwater fish and occasionally in amphibians and reptiles. It contains 15 genera, of which only Allocreadium, Creptotrema, Wallinia and Creptotrematina have been reported in Argentina. The records of Allocreadium species still require further verification.

Exploiting novel placental homing peptides for targeted drug delivery in breast Cancer.

More effective drug formulations are needed to increase the selectivity and efficacy of available chemotherapeutics. We have previously shown that nanoparticles decorated with the tumour homing peptide CGKRK can selectively deliver payloads to the placenta. In this study, we investigated whether two novel placental homing peptides NKGLRNK (NKG) and RSGVAKS (RSG) can be utilized to selectively deliver doxorubicin (DOX) to breast cancer cells.