Engineered nanoplatform mediated gas therapy enhanced ferroptosis for tumor therapy .

The high glutathione (GSH) environment poses a significant challenge for inducing ferroptosis in tumor cells, necessitating the development of nanoplatforms that can deplete intracellular GSH. In this study, we developed an engineered nanoplatform (MIL-100@Era/L-Arg-HA) that enhances ferroptosis through gas therapy. First, we confirmed that the Fe element in the nanoplatform undergoes valence changes under the influence of high GSH and HO in tumor cells.

A molecular basis for spine color morphs in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus.

Animals of the phylum Echinodermata are characterized by a pentaradially symmetric endoskeleton in adults. Echinoids also have endoskeletal spines ranging in length from several millimeters (sand dollars e.g.

Leveraging Health Policy Solutions to Address Obesity in Rural America.

Rural America faces an alarming obesity crisis, with residents experiencing significantly higher rates of obesity due to socioeconomic disparities, limited access to healthcare, and structural challenges such as food deserts and insufficient healthcare infrastructure. This perspective addresses these pressing issues by proposing targeted, evidence-based interventions to reduce obesity in rural communities. Our recommendations include (1) increasing the number of multidisciplinary healthcare professionals in rural areas through initiatives such as the Rural Medical Scholars Program, the Rural Community Loan Repayment Program, and the Conrad 30 Waiver Program; (2) expanding coverage for essential obesity services via H.

Correction: FeS colloids - formation and mobilization pathways in natural waters.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C9EN01427F.].

Leveraging nanoparticle environmental health and safety research in the study of micro- and nano-plastics.

Lessons learned, methodologies, and application of tools that have been developed within the context of research on the environmental impacts, health, and safety of nanomaterials (nano-EHS) provide a solid foundation for research on nano/microplastics. In this communication, we summarize key discoveries obtained through major research efforts over the last two decades in the area of nano-EHS that are applicable for the study of micro- and nano-plastics (referred to here more generally as particulate plastics). We focus on how non-equilibrium particle transport processes affect: 1) bio-physico-chemical mechanisms of particle toxicity and determining dose-response relationships; 2) the potential for biouptake, bioaccumulation, translocation, trophic transfer and intergenerational effects of particulate contaminants; 3) extrapolations from laboratory experiments to complex systems and the impact of environmental transformations; 4) the formulation of functional assays as a basis for predicting the impacts of particulate contaminants in complex environments; 5) the relative importance of incidental particles compared with engineered particles and, 6) experience with data platforms, curation, and experimental design.

Determining bad actors: A linear mixed effects model approach to elucidate behavioral toxicity of metal mixtures in drinking water.

Mixtures of chemical contaminants can pose a significant health risk to humans and wildlife, even at levels considered safe for each individual chemical. There is a critical need to develop statistical methods to evaluate the drivers of toxic effects in chemical mixtures (i.e.

Hair Cortisol Concentrations in the Prediction of Early Substance Use Engagement in Youth.

Objective: Understanding factors associated with early onset of substance use is critical as using alcohol or drugs at a young age is a strong predictor of later substance dependency. Experiencing stressful life events is associated with increased risk for early substance use in youth. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) is considered a biomarker of psychological stress experienced over longer periods of time.

In vitro vascularization improves in vivo functionality of human engineered cardiac tissues.

Engineered human cardiac tissues hold great promise for disease modeling, drug development, and regenerative therapy. For regenerative applications, successful engineered tissue engraftment in vivo requires rapid vascularization and blood perfusion post-implantation. In the present study, we engineered highly functional, vascularized cardiac tissues ("cardiopatches") by co-culturing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCCMs) and endothelial cells (hiPSC-ECs) in optimized serum-free media.

Deep tissue photoacoustic imaging with light and sound.

Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) can harvest diffusive photons to image the optical absorption contrast of molecules in a scattering medium, with ultrasonically-defined spatial resolution. PACT has been extensively used in preclinical research for imaging functional and molecular information in various animal models, with recent clinical translations. In this review, we aim to highlight the recent technical breakthroughs in PACT and the emerging preclinical and clinical applications in deep tissue imaging.

Acidic Stress Induces Cytosolic Free Calcium Oscillation, and an Appropriate Low pH Helps Maintain the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis.

Acidic stress is a formidable environmental factor that exerts adverse effects on plant growth and development, ultimately leading to a potential reduction in agricultural productivity. A low pH triggers Ca influx across the plasma membrane (PM), eliciting distinct responses under various acidic pH levels. However, the underlying mechanisms by which Arabidopsis plant cells generate stimulus-specific Ca signals in response to acidic stress remain largely unexplored.

Safety Evaluations of Rapamycin Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticles in Ovarian Tumor-Bearing Mice.

Nanomedicine holds great potential for revolutionizing medical treatment. Ongoing research and advancements in nanotechnology are continuously expanding the possibilities, promising significant advancements in healthcare. To fully harness the potential of nanotechnology in medical applications, it is crucial to conduct safety evaluations for the nanomedicines that offer effective benefits in the preclinical stage.

Parenting Risk and Protective Factors in the Development of Conduct Problems in Seven Countries.

This study advances the understanding of risk and protective factors in trajectories of conduct problems in adolescence in seven countries that differ widely on a number of sociodemographic factors as well as norms related to adolescent behavior. Youth- and parent-report data from 988 adolescents in seven countries (Colombia, Italy, Kenya, Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the USA) who were followed longitudinally from ages 10 to 18 (yielding 6872 total data points) were subject to latent class growth analysis. A 4-class model provided the best fit to the data: Late Starters, Alcohol Experimenters, Mid-Adolescent Starters, and Pervasive Risk Takers.

Engineered Cardiac Tissues as a Platform for CRISPR-Based Mitogen Discovery.

Improved understanding of cardiomyocyte (CM) cell cycle regulation may allow researchers to stimulate pro-regenerative effects in injured hearts or promote maturation of human stem cell-derived CMs. Gene therapies, in particular, hold promise to induce controlled proliferation of endogenous or transplanted CMs via transient activation of mitogenic processes. Methods to identify and characterize candidate cardiac mitogens in vitro can accelerate translational efforts and contribute to the understanding of the complex regulatory landscape of CM proliferation and postnatal maturation.

Comparing Shor and Steane error correction using the Bacon-Shor code.

Quantum states decohere through interaction with the environment. Quantum error correction can preserve coherence through active feedback wherein quantum information is encoded into a logical state with a high degree of symmetry. Perturbations are detected by measuring the symmetries of the state and corrected by applying gates based on these measurements.

Metabolite signatures of chronological age, aging, survival, and longevity.

Metabolites that mark aging are not fully known. We analyze 408 plasma metabolites in Long Life Family Study participants to characterize markers of age, aging, extreme longevity, and mortality. We identify 308 metabolites associated with age, 258 metabolites that change over time, 230 metabolites associated with extreme longevity, and 152 metabolites associated with mortality risk.

Plant immune resilience to a changing climate: molecular insights and biotechnological roadmaps.

Successful resistance to disease-causing pathogens is underpinned by properly regulated immune signalling and defence responses in plants. The plant immune system is controlled at multiple levels of gene and protein regulation-from chromatin-associated epigenetic processes to protein post-translational modifications. Optimal fine-tuning of plant immune signalling and responses is important to prevent plant disease development, which is being exacerbated by a globally changing climate.

Dynamic synthetic-scanning photoacoustic tracking monitors hepatic and renal clearance pathway of exogeneous probes in vivo.

Advancements in precision medicine necessitate understanding drug clearance pathways, especially in organs like the liver and kidneys. Traditional techniques such as PET/CT pose radiation hazards, whereas optical imaging poses challenges in maintaining both depth penetration and high resolution. Moreover, very few longitudinal studies have been performed for drug candidates for different symptoms.

The potential water quality impacts of hard-rock lithium mining: Insights from a legacy pegmatite mine in North Carolina, USA.

The global green energy transition has spurred increased lithium exploration and extraction, yet the water quality impacts from lithium mining are understudied. This study investigates the potential water quality impacts from a legacy hard-rock lithium mine through comprehensive geochemical analyses of groundwater, surface waters, ore grade rocks, tailings, and waste rocks from a mine site in North Carolina, USA. The concentrations of regulated contaminants (e.

Metals in honey from bees as a proxy for environmental contamination in the United States.

This is the first large bio-surveillance study examining the contents and geographic variation of metals of public health concern-arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and cobalt (Co)-in honey samples collected across the United States. Metal concentrations were measured using ICP-MS, and the spatial distribution pattern of these contaminants was evaluated using statistical and GIS tools. The mean (highest) values (in μg/kg) were 3.

Multi-Target Peptide Nanofiber Immunotherapy Diminishes Complement Anaphylatoxin Activity in Acute Inflammation.

The anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a are products of the complement cascade that play important and interrelated roles in health and disease. Both are potential targets for anti-inflammatory active immunotherapies in which a patient's own immune system is stimulated to produce therapeutic immune responses against problematic self-molecules. However, the complex and time-dependent interrelations between the two molecules make dual targeting challenging.

Contrasting the development of larval and adult body plans during the evolution of biphasic lifecycles in sea urchins.

Biphasic lifecycles are widespread among animals, but little is known about how the developmental transition between larvae and adults is regulated. Sea urchins are a unique system for studying this phenomenon because of the stark differences between their bilateral larval and pentaradial adult body plans. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the development of Heliocidaris erythrogramma (He), a sea urchin species with an accelerated, non-feeding mode of larval development.

Materials designed to degrade: structure, properties, processing, and performance relationships in polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymers.

Conventional plastics pose significant environmental and health risks across their life cycle, driving intense interest in sustainable alternatives. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) stand out for their biocompatibility, degradation characteristics, and diverse applications. Yet, challenges like production cost, scalability, and limited chemical variety hinder their widespread adoption, impacting material selection and design.