Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances on Oral Microbial Changes and Dental Caries Risk in Children: A 6-Month Prospective Study.

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment can alter the oral environment, leading to plaque accumulation and changes in microbial colonization. This study aimed to assess microbiological changes in 10 to 16-year-old children undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.

Methodology: The study included children aged 10-16 years, with one group wearing fixed orthodontic appliances and a control group without brackets.

Prevalence of diabetes distress and its correlates among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a primary health center of Bihar - A cross-sectional study.

Context: Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with many complications. Approximately 20% of people living with diabetes suffer from some form of depression. "Diabetes distress" (DD) is used to describe the significant negative psychological reactions related to emotional burdens and worries specific to an individual's experience to manage severe, complicated chronic disease such as diabetes.

Awareness and Attitude Towards Tobacco Products and Tobacco Industry and Perception about Government's Role in Tobacco Control among the Adult Rural Population: A Cross-sectional Study in the Indian State of Bihar.

Background: Attitudes and impressions toward the tobacco industry and tobacco products among the general public are important determinants for curbing the menace of the tobacco epidemic. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceptions about the tobacco industry and tobacco products and analyze attitudes towards social denormalization (SD) of tobacco use and tobacco industry denormalization (TID) among the rural population of Bihar, India.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 421 adults aged 18 to 65 years who were selected using multistage systematic random sampling in a rural area of Bihar State in India from January to March 2022.

A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using the Framingham Risk Score.

Background: The global burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is continuously increasing, particularly in India. The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is higher in T2DM individuals when compared to non-diabetics, which imposes significant morbidity and mortality. The main aim of the present study was to assess the risk factors for CVD in T2DM patients.

Prevalence and Determinants of Low Birth Weight among the Newborns in Dadra and Nagar Haveli: A Community-based Study.

Background: The world is not on track to meet the World Health Assembly (WHA) global target on Low Birth Weight (LBW). To estimate the prevalence and to identify the associated determinants of LBW among the newborns.

Material And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among the 364 mothers registered under the all government health facilities of Dadra & Nagar Haveli (DNH) during November 2021 to January 2022.

Comparing the effectiveness of different health education approaches for preventing tobacco use among school-going students in a government school of Dadra and Nagar Haveli district.

Background: Four out of five people who use tobacco begin before they reach adulthood. Schools provide the opportunity to address the young population before they initiate tobacco use. Different health education approaches have their unique merits and demerits.

Infarction of breast and infarction of phyllodes tumor during pregnancy - A case report and review of literature.

The breast can be affected by a variety of specific and unique disorders during pregnancy and lactation. One of these disorders is spontaneous infarction of the breast which is a rare condition seen in physiologically hyperplastic mammary tissue associated with pregnancy and lactation. The causes and mechanism of the development of breast infarct remain largely unknown.

A comprehensive review of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomic insights into the differentiation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from the planktonic to biofilm state: A multi-omics approach.

Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is primarily responsible for chronic wound and lung infections in humans. These infections are persistent owing to the biofilm's high tolerance to antimicrobials and constantly changing environmental factors. Understanding the mechanism governing biofilm formation can help to develop therapeutics explicitly directed against the molecular markers responsible for this process.

Integration of phenotypic, qPCR and genome sequencing methodologies for the detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence in clinical isolates of a tertiary hospital, India.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence in clinical isolates is a significant public health concern. The rapid and accurate detection of these traits in clinical isolates is essential for effective infection control and treatment. We demonstrated the integration of multiple detection methodologies, including phenotypic testing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and genome sequencing, to detect AMR and virulence in clinical isolates.

Assessment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) - A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) affects about 14% of the population. MIH may lead to enamel breakdown, early tooth decay and is known to cause sensitivity, pain, discomfort, etc., Despite several studies reporting impacts of MIH on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children; no systematic review has been reported till date.

A Comparison of Innovative App-Based Prescriptions With Conventional Prescriptions for Children by General Dentists: A Mixed Methods Study.

Introduction Writing drug prescriptions for children with accurate drug dosages and clear instructions is a must for general dentists. A digital tool in the form of a software application (app) to write, save and share prescriptions can potentially overcome the possible limitations of handwritten prescriptions such as handwriting illegibility, errors in calculations, and incomplete descriptions. However, it is also important to assess the satisfaction of dentists with making prescriptions using a digital tool such as an android application.

Continuing medical education about postexposure prophylaxis of rabies in tribal area medical college hospital of Gujarat, India: One step towards rabies elimination.

Background: Continuing Medical Education (CME) is an essential feature of the clinical practice and helps to improve the health care provider's ability to provide quality patient care. The World Health Organization has given a global strategic plan to end human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030 known as "Zero by thirty."

Methodology: A CME session was organized for staff nurses working in a tertiary medical care hospital of Valsad district about anti rabies vaccination.

Mother and child protection card as a resource tool for health care providers on VHND sessions: Providers' views in rural area of Valsad district in south Gujarat, India.

Background: The Mother and Child Protection card (MCP card) is used for tracking of each child right from conception till 3 years of age by community health workers. It is a rich source of information for HCPs about mother and child health. A well-versed health care provider (HCP) can deliver the services efficiently to the beneficiaries.

Implementing EUCAST rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing method for sepsis: lessons learned in a tertiary care center.

Introduction: We prospectively evaluated EUCAST rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing methodology for susceptibility testing directly from blood culture bottles in comparison to CLSI disk-diffusion method.

Methodology: During May-November 2019, positively flagged blood culture bottles showing Gram-negative micro-organisms were simultaneously processed by rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing and CLSI methodology. Antibiotics tested were cefotaxime, ceftazidime, piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, tobramycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

Private Health Sector in India-Ready and Willing, Yet Underutilized in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The private medical sector is a resource that must be estimated for efficient inclusion into public healthcare during pandemics. A survey was conducted among private healthcare workers to ascertain their views on the potential resources that can be accessed from the private sector and methods to do the same. There were 213 respondents, 80% of them being doctors.

Clinical evaluation of the pharmacological impact of ashwagandha root extract on sleep in healthy volunteers and insomnia patients: A double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.) is long known for its sleep-inducing effects.