[Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults].

The article presents a review of scientific publications devoted to the study of the characteristics of the clinical picture and the dynamics of the main symptoms in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The authors present current data on the prevalence of this disease, leading clinical manifestations and the most common comorbid pathology. Research data on the impact of ADHD in adulthood on educational and professional activities are presented, and the economic and criminological aspects of ADHD are considered.

Dark triad personality traits are associated with decreased grey matter volumes in 'social brain' structures.

Introduction: Personality traits and the degree of their prominence determine various aspects of social interactions. Some of the most socially relevant traits constitute the Dark Triad - narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism - associated with antisocial behaviour, disregard for moral norms, and a tendency to manipulation. Sufficient data point at the existence of Dark Triad 'profiles' distinguished by trait prominence.

A Bayesian Modeling Approach to Examine the Role of Testosterone Administration on the Endowment Effect and Risk-Taking.

Financial risk-taking and loss aversion are multifaceted phenomena that are the focus of neuroscience, psychology, and economics research. A growing number of studies highlighted the role of hormones (particularly of testosterone) on socio-economic decision-making. However, the effects of testosterone on risk-taking under framing and consumer-based choices and preferences are inconclusive.

Stereotactic surgeries for abuse syndromes: Patient selection and results.

It is known that in present time heroin addiction is the most widespread and difficult to treat. It includes two factors: physical and psychological addiction. The vast majority of patients remained mentally addicted to drugs after physical drug addiction has been eliminated and the organism has been completely detoxed.

Stereotactic cingulotomy and capsulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorders: Indications and comparative results.

Stereotactic cingulotomy and capsulotomy have been used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and treatment-resistant depression since the 1950s-60s. To date, these surgical procedures have gained a number of advancements due to progress of neuroimaging and upgrading of stereotactic technique. The effectiveness of operations is related to the restoration of the normal level of limbic regulation in treated patients.

Preliminary Assessment of the Anti-inflammatory Activity of New Structural Honokiol Analogs with a 4'--(2-Fluoroethyl) Moiety and the Potential of Their F-Labeled Derivatives for Neuroinflammation Imaging.

Neolignans honokiol and 4'--methylhonokiol (MH) and their derivatives have pronounced anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by numerous pharmacological studies. Literature data suggested that cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) may be a target for these compounds in vitro and in vivo. Recent studies of [C]MPbP () biodistribution in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-treated rats have confirmed the high potential of MH derivatives for imaging neuroinflammation.

The Interaction Between Caudate Nucleus and Regions Within the Theory of Mind Network as a Neural Basis for Social Intelligence.

The organization of socio-cognitive processes is a multifaceted problem for which many sophisticated concepts have been proposed. One of these concepts is social intelligence (SI), i.e.

Neuroanatomical Correlates of Social Intelligence Measured by the Guilford Test.

Social interactions are a crucial aspect of human behaviour. Numerous neurophysiological studies have focused on socio-cognitive processes associated with the so-called theory of mind-the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others. Theory of mind is closely related to social intelligence defined as a set of abilities that facilitate effective social interactions.

Model of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats Caused by Repeated Intravenous Administration of Partially Biodegradable Sodium Alginate Microspheres.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare and life-threatening complication of pulmonary embolism. As existing animal models of CTEPH do not fully recapitulate complex disease pathophysiology, we report a new rat model for CTEPH evoked by repetitive embolization of the distal pulmonary artery branches with partially biodegradable alginate microspheres (MSs). MSs (180 ± 28 μm) were intravenously administered eight times at 4-day intervals; control animals received saline.

On the consensus nomenclature rules for radiopharmaceutical chemistry - Reconsideration of radiochemical conversion.

Radiochemical conversion is an important term to be included in the "Consensus nomenclature rules for radiopharmaceutical chemistry". Radiochemical conversion should be used to define reaction efficiency by measuring the transformation of components in a crude reaction mixture at a given time, whereas radiochemical yield is better suited to define the efficiency of an entire reaction process including, for example, separation, isolation, filtration, and formulation.

Tetrabutylammonium tosylate as inert phase-transfer catalyst: The key to high efficiency S2 radiofluorinations.

Here we describe use of the tetrabutylammonium p-toluenesulfonate (TBAOTs) as an inert phase transfer catalyst allowing high efficient aliphatic radiofluorination of labeling precursors for the preparation of common radiotracers using only 0.2-1.2 mg of the substrates.

Low-Intensity Physical Exercise Improves Pain Catastrophizing and Other Psychological and Physical Aspects in Women with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic syndrome characterized by widespread pain and other physical and psychological features. In this study, we aimed to analyze the effect of a low-intensity physical exercise (PE) program, combining endurance training and coordination, on psychological aspects (i.e.

Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 6-[F]Fluorine-α-methyl-l-tryptophan, a Novel PET Tracer for Measuring Tryptophan Uptake.

The positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand α-[C]methyl-l-tryptophan ([C]AMT) has been used to assess tryptophan metabolism in cancer, epilepsy, migraine, and autism. Despite its extensive application, the utility of this tracer is currently hampered by the short half-life of the radionuclide used for its labeling (C, = 20.4 min).

Synthesis and biological evaluation of [F]fluorovinpocetine, a potential PET radioligand for TSPO imaging.

Despite of various PET radioligands targeting the translocator protein TSPO 18-KDa are used for the investigations of neuroinflammatory conditions associated with neurological disorders, development of new TSPO radiotracers is still an active area of the researches with a major focus on the F-labelled radiotracers. Here, we report the radiochemical synthesis of [F]vinpocetine, fluorinated analogue of previously reported TSPO radioligand, [C]vinpocetine. Radiolabeling was achieved by [F]fluoroethylation of apovincaminic acid with [F]fluoroethyl bromide.

Use of capillary electrophoresis for the determination of impurities in preparations of fluorine-18 labelled PET radiopharmaceuticals.

Fluorine-18 labelled radiotracers are the most common diagnostic agents employed in positron emission tomography (PET). Despite well-established quality control (QC) procedures, introduction of new synthetic methods demands continuous development of analytical methodology. Here we propose capillary electrophoresis (CE) as a simple, fast and cost-efficient analytical method, allowing for the evaluation of potentially toxic impurities, including transition metals, in the formulated preparations.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(2-[F]fluoroethoxy)benzothiazole ([F]FEDBT) for PET imaging of breast cancer.

Given the ever-present demand for improved PET radiotracer in oncology imaging, we have synthesized 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-6-(2-[F]fluoroethoxy)benzothiazole ([F]FEDBT), a fluorine-18-containing fluoroethylated benzothiazole to explore its utility as a PET imaging tracer. [F]FEDBT was prepared via kryptofix-mediated nucleophilic substitution of the tosyl group precursor. Fractionated ethanol-based solid-phase (SPE cartridge-based) purification afforded [F]FEDBT in 60% radiochemical yield (EOB), with radiochemical purity in excess of 98% and the specific activity was 35GBq/μmol.