[EFR-like peptides and their receptors as prognostic factors for the survival of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer].

The levels of EGFR and its ligands have been assayed in tumor and adjacent lung tissues in NSCLC patients. Both EGFR and EGF-like peptides were found in tumor more frequently than in unaltered tissue. It was shown (Kaplan-Meyer) that simultaneous expression of EGFR and its ligands in tumor and adjacent lung tissues was associated with lower overall and relapse-free survival in NSCLC patients.

[Role of radiotherapy in the combined treatment of uterine choriocarcinoma with brain metastasis].

A retrospective analysis of data on 27 patients with uterine choriocarcinoma metastatic to the brain and other distant sites treated at the Center's Clinic (1980-1996) has been undertaken. Advantages offered by combined treatment (irradiation of the brain + combination chemotherapy) of 15 patients are discussed and practical advice is given.

[Formalized cytological report in oncology].

A formalised report (FR) offers a set of standard phrases to be used to state (1) whether findings of a cytologic study contain new information; (2) the degree of certainty in understanding the significance of morphological forms of available international classifications of a pathology said morphological evidence is compatible with. The use of that FR provides a means of evaluating reported cytologic conclusions, and comparing them with relevant postmortem diagnosis. This makes it possible to ascertain with greater or less certainty, with which nosological forms a doctor deals.

[Standard and hyperfractionated irradiation for locally advanced tumors (T3NOMO) of the larynx].

Two modalities of radiotherapy of locally advanced tumors (T3N0M0) of the larynx were compared in the treatment of 89 patients. Forty-six patients of group I received 2 Gy daily, 5 times a week (COD 65-70 Gy), while 43 patients of group 11--1.1 Gy of multifractionated radiation twice a day, at 4-hr interval (COD 70-75 Gy).

[Absence of mutagenic and carcinogenic properties in Mildronate].

Mutagenic and carcinogenic properties of mildronate (3-[2.2.2.

[Choice of the optimal variant of plastic surgery in head and neck tumors].

Indications for planning primary and delayed operations for head and neck tumors have been evolved on the basis of our 15-year experience with 667 reconstructive surgeries (550 patients) 425 of which (77%) were conducted in one stage.

[Role of surgical interventions in the treatment of patients with trophoblastic tumor resistant to chemotherapy].

A retrospective evaluation of 85 case histories of chemotherapy-resistant trophoblastic disease treated at the Center's clinic (1975-1996) was carried out. Both therapy efficacy and survival rates were lower in patients operated on prior to chemotherapy and during medication. However, excision of resistant foci of trophoblastic tumor contributed to the effectiveness of chemotherapy.

[Surgical treatment of patients with borderline serous tumors of the ovary].

The paper deals with the data on treatment of 63 patients with serous borderline tumors of the ovary (SBTO). Mean age was 40.2 years.

[Clinical evaluation of different methods of treatment in patients with endometrial stromal sarcoma of the uterus].

The data on treatment of 50 patients with endometrial stromal sarcoma (Ess) are discussed. Mean age-46.5 years.

[One-stage reconstruction of the breast after mastectomy with skin preservation].

Our experience points to the advantages of preserving a cutaneous flap remaining after mastectomy followed by one-stage reconstruction using a recto-abdominal flap of silicone expanders and endoprostheses. The procedures used provided for removal of the halo-papillary complex, skin scarred by biopsy, the entire mammary gland tissue with the subaxillary, subclavicular and subscapular lymph nodes. The epithelium was removed from the recto-abdominal flap which was placed into a cutaneous pouch after mastectomy.

[Current approaches to surgical treatment of liver tumors].

Since 1990, 230 operations for focal pathologies in the liver have been carried out at the Center's clinics using such advanced procedures and equipment as radio-isotope examination of hepatic function, ultrasonography of the liver during surgery, ultrasound aspirator, water-flow scalpel, argon coagulator and adhesive dressing materials. The study included 75 resections for primary hepatic tumor (lethality-14.6%), 114 resections-disseminated tumor (lethality-5.

[Submerged esophago-intestinal anastomosis in surgical treatment of gastric cancer].

The short-term results of 1,605 gastrectomies performed for stomach cancer, using different types of esophagoenterostomy, are discussed. Anastomotic leakage is the main criterion for a choice of the most optimal procedure of forming an anastomosis. The contribution of the first and second rows of sutures to leakage is evaluated.

[Surgical treatment of residual or recurrent cancer of the oral cavity organs after radiotherapy].

The experience of surgical treatment of residual tumor or recurrent carcinoma of the oral cavity at different stages after high-dose (more than 50 Gy) radiotherapy makes a case for wider application of surgery in cases that would be otherwise thought hopeless. Although the overall frequency of local postoperative complications is still high, the use of arterialized myocutaneous or adipose-cutaneous flaps during one-stage reconstructive surgery and effective postoperative management can provide a means to cut down the incidence of such grave complications as acute necrosis of tissues leading to hazardous bleeding and development of extensive defects of mandibular tissues and orostomas. More effort should be made to evolve procedures of surgical treatment to be given after high-dose radiotherapy.

[Results of organ-preserving and reconstructive surgery of the mandible in patients with cancer of the oral cavity].

Surgery is the basic procedure of combined therapy for locally-advanced carcinoma of the oral mucosa. It is intended to excise involved mucosa and soft tissues of the oral cavity and to resect the mandible. Rim resection (55) produces good functional and cosmetic results and was followed by 5-year survival in 76.

[Effect of dosage in the planning of intracavitary irradiation].

A comparison was carried out of different procedures of evaluation of the role of dosage in contact radiation effect. The assets and liabilities of the available methods of evaluation were studied with respect to the Ellis--time-dose-fractionation and linear-quadratic concepts. It was demonstrated that the sublethal damage repair model evolved by H.

[Current principles of diagnosis and surgical treatment of non-organ retroperitoneal tumors].

The data on surgical treatment of 455 patients operated on for primary and recurrent non-organ retroperitoneal tumors (NRT) are discussed. 64.2% of tumors were resected; postoperative lethality was 8.

[Surgical treatment of adrenal gland tumors].

The data on surgical treatment of 146 patients with adrenal gland malignancies as well as literature on the problem are discussed.

[Maximal androgen blockade in the treatment of patients with disseminated cancer of the prostate].

Up-to-date approaches to treatment of disseminated prostatic cancer are discussed, including the experience of the use of maximum androgen blockade in 120 patients. The procedure may be recommended to start hormonal therapy in such patients with.

[Results of surgical, combined and complex treatment of patients with uterine cancer].

The results of treatment of 443 patients with endometrial carcinoma (surgery--101 (22.8%), combined therapy--183 (41.3%) and complex therapy--159 (35.

[Current possibilities of surgical and combined treatment of patients with uterine cancer].

Surgical treatment alone was given to 88 patients with endometrial tumors while 182 patients underwent combined therapy. Three-year survival was 92.1%: 88.

[Possibilities of surgical treatment of gastric cancer recurrences depending on the type of previous resection].

The study deals with the end results of 375 surgeries performed for recurrent cancer of the stomach. Radical surgery was carried out in 168 cases (extirpation of the remaining part of stomach--140; repeated resection of stomach--12; extirpation of esophagoenterostomy--16). Stomach resection after Billroth-II with anterior long-loop colostomy created the best conditions for radical extirpation of the remaining stomach, while Billroth-I resection--the worst.

[Main trends in the improvement of surgical treatment results in stomach cancer].

According to the data on the treatment of 964 patients with cardioesophageal cancer, the local recurrence incidence fell dramatically (from 19.7 to 4.8%) in patients who had gone extensive surgery.

[Breast reconstruction in cancer].

Different procedures of breast reconstruction were employed in the treatment of 223 breast cancer patients (primary reconstruction-97; delayed reconstruction-136). No major complications were recorded, including total necrosis of transverse abdominal island flap. The advantage offered by the latter is due to its resistance to chemoradiotherapy: complications such as boundary necrosis do not destroy cosmetic effect as in the case of expander application.

[The effectiveness of breast-conserving surgery in T1-2N0M0 breast cancer].

A retrospective analysis of the end results of surgical treatment of 1.417 patients with T1-2N0-1M0 breast tumors is presented: local recurrence after radical surgery (1.151)-2.

[The role of high-dose chemotherapy with hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of breast cancer with unfavorable prognosis].

High-dose chemotherapy using transplantation of hemopoietic precursor cells offers much advantage for treatment of prognostically unfavorable cancers of the breast. Both experimental and clinical evidence points to a potential of raising antitumor effect by increased dosage of chemical drugs. Clinical studies using high-dose chemotherapy for treating patients with stage II-III tumors or with greater than or equal to 10 positive axillary lymph nodes, and locally-advanced and disseminated tumor established a relative rise in overall and recurrence-free survival, as compared with standard treatment.