248 results match your criteria: "N.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics[Affiliation]"

Pedunculate oak ( L.) is widely distributed across Europe and serves critical ecological, economic, and recreational functions. Investigating its responses to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, pests, and pathogens provides valuable insights into its capacity to adapt to climate change.

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Effect of Selenium, Copper and Manganese Nanocomposites in Arabinogalactan Matrix on Potato Colonization by Phytopathogens and .

Plants (Basel)

December 2024

Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

The effect of chemically synthesized nanocomposites (NCs) of selenium (Se/AG NC), copper oxide (Cu/AG NC) and manganese hydroxide (Mn/AG NC), based on the natural polymer arabinogalactan (AG), on the processes of growth, development and colonization of potato plants in vitro was studied upon infection with the causative agent of potato blackleg-the Gram-negative bacterium -and the causative agent of ring rot-the Gram-positive bacterium (). It was shown that the infection of potatoes with reduced the root formation of plants and the concentration of pigments in leaf tissues. The treatment of plants with Cu/AG NC before infection with stimulated leaf formation and increased the concentration of pigments in them.

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Synthetic intergeneric amphydiploids and genome-substituted wheat forms are an important source for transferring agronomically valuable genes from wild species into the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genome. They can be used both in academic research and for breeding purposes as an original material for developing wheat-alien addition and substitution lines followed by translocation induction with the aid of irradiation or nonhomologous chromosome pairing.

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The dendrochronological parameters of 97 pedunculate oak ( L.) trees including 20 plus trees (142-year-old on average) and four half-sib families for four of them were analyzed considering also specifically years of the most severe droughts that were identified using average monthly air temperature and precipitation data. The tree-ring width (TRW) was mostly affected by air temperature that had the largest cross-dating indices (CDI), up to 78% maximum.

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Study of the Genetic Mechanisms of Siberian Stone Pine ( Du Tour) Adaptation to the Climatic and Pest Outbreak Stresses Using Dendrogenomic Approach.

Int J Mol Sci

November 2024

Laboratory of Forest Genomics, Genome Research and Education Center, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

Article Synopsis
  • A study combined dendrochronological (tree-ring data) and genomic data to explore how Siberian stone pine adapts genetically to climate change and environmental stressors.
  • Researchers analyzed 84,853 genetic markers (SNPs) and 110 tree traits from 234 trees across six populations to understand the genetic structure and adaptive potential of these trees.
  • The analysis revealed a weak genetic differentiation among populations and identified 30 SNPs linked to tree traits; notably, three SNPs associated with recovery from climatic stress were found across various methods, suggesting their potential adaptive importance.
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Tc is a well-known radionuclide that is widely used and readily available for SPECT/CT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography) diagnosis. However, commercial isotope carriers are not specific enough to tumours, rapidly clear from the bloodstream, and are not safe. To overcome these limitations, we suggest immunologically compatible recombinant proteins containing a combination of metal binding sites as Tc chelators and several different tumour-specific ligands for early detection of tumours.

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The use of the gene pool of wild relatives for expanding the genetic diversity of common wheat is an important task of breeding programs. However, the practical application of common wheat lines with alien genetic material is constrained by the lack of information on chromosomal rearrangements and the negative impact of the transferred material on agronomically important traits. This research is aimed at studying 14 introgression lines with the T2DL.

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Manganese Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Mechanisms of Influence on Plant Resistance to Stress, and Prospects for Application in Agricultural Chemistry.

J Agric Food Chem

April 2024

Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Manganese (Mn) is an important microelement for the mineral nutrition of plants, but it is not effectively absorbed from the soil and mineral salts added thereto and can also be toxic in high concentrations. Mn nanoparticles (NPs) are less toxic, more effective, and economical than Mn salts due to their nanosize. This article critically reviews the current publications on Mn NPs, focusing on their effects on plant health, growth, and stress tolerance, and explaining possible mechanisms of their effects.

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In previous work, we experimentally demonstrated the possibility of using RNA aptamers to inhibit endogenous protein expression and their function within plant cells In the current work, we show that our proposed method is suitable for inhibiting the functions of exogenous, foreign proteins delivered into the plant via various mechanisms, including pathogen proteins. Stringent experimentation produced robust RNA aptamers that are able to bind to the recombinant HopU1 effector protein of bacteria. This research uses genetic engineering methods to constitutively express/transcribe HopU1 RNA aptamers in transgenic .

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To elucidate the genomic traits of ecological diversification in the Hymenochaetales, we sequenced 15 new genomes, with attention to ectomycorrhizal (EcM) Coltricia species. Together with published data, 32 genomes, including 31 Hymenochaetales and one outgroup, were comparatively analyzed in total. Compared with those of parasitic and saprophytic members, EcM species have significantly reduced number of plant cell wall degrading enzyme genes, and expanded transposable elements, genome sizes, small secreted proteins, and secreted proteases.

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Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms of Longevity in Forest Trees.

Int J Mol Sci

June 2023

Genome Research and Education Center, Laboratory of Forest Genomics, Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

Trees are unique in terms of development, sustainability and longevity. Some species have a record lifespan in the living world, reaching several millennia. The aim of this review is to summarize the available data on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of longevity in forest trees.

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Recently, entire genebank collections of wheat have been extensively characterized with sequencing data. We have identified introgressions using these genotyping-by-sequencing and whole-genome sequencing data. On the basis of our results, we provide information about predicted introgressions at 1-Mb resolution for 9,172 wheat samples as a resource for breeders and scientists.

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Intraspecific divergence of diploid grass is associated with structural chromosome changes.

Comp Cytogenet

April 2023

N.I.Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina str. 3, GSP-1, Moscow 119991, Russia Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia.

Smith in Sibthorp et Smith, 1806 is diploid grass with MM genome constitution occurring mainly in Greece. Two morphologically distinct subspecies - Chennaveeraiah, 1960 and (Holzmann ex Boissier) Eig, 1929 are discriminated within , however, genetic and karyotypic bases of their divergence are not fully understood. We used Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with repetitive DNA probes and electrophoretic analysis of gliadins to characterize the genome and karyotype of to assess the level of their genetic diversity and uncover mechanisms leading to radiation of subspecies.

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Updated guidelines for gene nomenclature in wheat.

Theor Appl Genet

March 2023

State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.

Here, we provide an updated set of guidelines for naming genes in wheat that has been endorsed by the wheat research community. The last decade has seen a proliferation in genomic resources for wheat, including reference- and pan-genome assemblies with gene annotations, which provide new opportunities to detect, characterise, and describe genes that influence traits of interest. The expansion of genetic information has supported growth of the wheat research community and catalysed strong interest in the genes that control agronomically important traits, such as yield, pathogen resistance, grain quality, and abiotic stress tolerance.

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Genetic Adaptation of Siberian Larch ( Ledeb.) to High Altitudes.

Int J Mol Sci

February 2023

Laboratory of Forest Genomics, Genome Research and Education Center, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

Forest trees growing in high altitude conditions offer a convenient model for studying adaptation processes. They are subject to a whole range of adverse factors that are likely to cause local adaptation and related genetic changes. Siberian larch ( Ledeb.

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. is polyploid grass species that grows in the eastern part of the Fertile Crescent, Afghanistan, and Middle Asia. It consists of tetraploid (4x) and hexaploid (6x) cytotypes (2 = 4x = 28, DD (Abdolmalaki et al.

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The recent release of the nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genome assemblies of Siberian larch ( Ledeb.), one of the most cold-resistant tree species in the only deciduous genus of Pinaceae, with seasonal senescence and a rot-resistant valuable timber widely used in construction, greatly contributed to the development of genomic resources for the larch genus. Here, we present an extensive repeatome analysis and the first annotation of the draft nuclear Siberian larch genome assembly.

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Fluorescent Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) allows us to determine interactions of labeled proteins or changes in the oligomeric state. The FCS method needs a low amount of fluorescent dye, near nanomolar concentrations. To control the amount of fluorescent dye, we used new photoconvertible FP SAASoti.

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Climate change is expected to cause major shifts in boreal forests which are in vast areas of Siberia dominated by two species of the deciduous needle tree larch (Larix). The species differ markedly in their ecosystem functions, thus shifts in their respective ranges are of global relevance. However, drivers of species distribution are not well understood, in part because paleoecological data at species level are lacking.

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Late diagnosis of ovarian cancer is one of the most important problems in its treatment. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are a poorly studied, but promising type of diagnostic biomarkers. We studied the lncRNA interactome to identify biomarkers with potential significance for molecular diagnostics of ovarian cancer.

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Comparative Genomics of Seasonal Senescence in Forest Trees.

Int J Mol Sci

March 2022

Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

In the course of evolution, both flowering plants and some gymnosperms have developed such an adaptation to winter and unfavorable living conditions as deciduousness. Of particular interest is Siberian larch ( Ledeb.), which is the only species in the pine family (Pinaceae) with a seasonal deciduousness.

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Three artificial proteins that bind the gadolinium ion (Gd3+) with tumour-specific ligands were de novo engineered and tested as candidate drugs for binary radiotherapy (BRT) and contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Gd3+-binding modules were derived from calmodulin. They were joined with elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) repeats from human elastin to form the four-centre Gd3+-binding domain (4MBS-domain) that further was combined with F3 peptide (a ligand of nucleolin, a tumour marker) to form the F3-W4 block.

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Genetic mechanisms of aging in plants: What can we learn from them?

Ageing Res Rev

May 2022

Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany; Center for Integrated Breeding Research (CiBreed), Georg-August University of Göttingen, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany; Laboratory of Population Genetics, N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkin Street, 119333 Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Forest Genomics, Genome Research and Education Center, Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Siberian Federal University, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Scientific and Methodological Center, G. F. Morozov Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies, 8 Timiryazeva Street, 394036 Voronezh, Russian Federation. Electronic address:

Plants hold all records in longevity. Their aging is a complex process. In the presented review, we analyzed published data on various aspects of plant aging with focus on any inferences that could shed a light on aging in animals and help to fight it in human.

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The SARS-CoV-2 is the third coronavirus in addition to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV that causes severe respiratory syndrome in humans. All of them likely crossed the interspecific barrier between animals and humans and are of zoonotic origin, respectively. The origin and evolution of viruses and their phylogenetic relationships are of great importance for study of their pathogenicity and development of antiviral drugs and vaccines.

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