[Diagnosis of chronic lymphoid leukemia (an immunomorphological study)].

31 cases of chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL)/lymphoma from small lymphocytes (LSL) was studied immunomorphologically. All cases had B-phenotype and positive expression of markers CD 5, CD 23. Most characteristic for CLL/LSL was pseudofollicular character of tumour growth.

[The role of epithelial antigens in diagnosis and staging of breast cancer].

The study of different epithelial antigen expression has been performed in 183 breast cancers. In 73 patients regional lymph nodes were studied as well. Panepithelial antigen Egp-34 (Mab HEA-125) was expressed in 100% of primary tumors and metastases.

[Prognostic significance of p53, HER-2/neu, Ki-67 and VEGF expression in chondrosarcomas].

Expression of the mutant protein-suppressor of tumor growth p53 and the receptor of epidermal growth factor of type II--HER-2/neu may serve as prognostic factors for patients with chondrosarcoma of malignancy grade II. Combined expression of these proteins in the tumor tissue correlates with shorter 5-year survival of recurrence-free patients. The data obtained may be used for prognosis of chondrosarcoma course and choice of adequate therapy.

[Epidemiology, mechanisms of cancerogenesis and prevention of neoplasms].

Primary prevention is the priority in cancer fighting. Smoking control is the most important measure in primary prevention of cancer. Dietary factor is also essential.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis in CBA male mice prenatally treated with diethylstilbestrol.

CBA female mice, at the 17th day of pregnancy, received single intraperitoneal injection of diethylstilbestrol (DES) at the dose of 1 mg/kg body weight (b. w.).

[Surface malignancy osteosarcoma].

Clinico-roentgeno-morphological characteristics of superficial osteosarcoma of a high-grade malignancy which is again included into the classification of bone tumors are given. A 34-year-old female with such tumor in distal metaphysis of the femur is reported.

[The microbiological aspects of infectious complications in the oncology clinic].

At present 10 to 30 per cent of the microbial strains from cancer patients are problem ones: oxacillin resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative strains of Staphylococcus spp., aminoglycoside resistant strains of Escherichia coli, 3rd generation cephalosporin resistant strains of Klebsiella spp. and fungi of Candida which requires development of more rational approaches to antibacterial chemotherapy and prophylaxis of infectious complications.

[A new method for the intravital assessment of the functional activity of the membrane transporters performing the efflux of antitumor preparations from the cells of solid tumor specimens].

A new method for intravital assessment of the functional activity of anticancer drug efflux transporters in intact solid tumor specimens was developed. The method is based on the well-known approach to the transporter functional evaluation by intracellular accumulation of antitumor drugs and particularly the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (Dox). The main new point of the method providing investigation of intact solid tumor specimens which markedly simplified the procedure is the fact that the intratissue and intracellular accumulation of Dox is determined not by the level of the drug in the tissue but by its fluorescence decrease in the incubation medium.

[New approaches to antitumor therapy of various morphological variants of primary bone sarcoma].

The data of foreign literature and original findings on possible role of auto-, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms of bone sarcoma growth regulation are reviewed basing on observation in these tumors of receptors of the epidermal growth factor (REGF), EGF-like peptides, receptors of glucocorticoids, androgens and estrogens. Link of these indices with clinicomorphological characteristics of the disease and its prognosis is suggested. REGF in primary bone tumors may serve as targets for therapy with drugs influencing EGF-dependent mechanism of tumor growth stimulation.

[Effect of calcium gluconate on the toxicity and antitumor of doxorubicin in mice].

The effect of calcium gluconate on the toxicity and specific activity of the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin was studied on mice with transplanted hemoblastosis La or plasmocytoma MOPS-406. In both cases after the animal exposure to nontoxic therapeutic doses of doxorubicin no influence of calcium gluconate on the antibiotic antitumor activity was observed. When doxorubicin was used in toxic (and even lethal) doses the antitoxic effect of calcium gluconate and an increase of the antibiotic therapeutic activity were stated.

Paclitaxel and cisplatin as salvage treatment in patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumour who failed to achieve a complete remission on induction chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel and cisplatin combination chemotherapy as salvage treatment in patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumour. Sixteen patients with histologically proven germ cell tumour, measurable disease and/or elevated serum tumour markers were eligible for the protocol. All patients had previously not achieved a complete remission (CR) to platinum-based induction chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery.

[Statistical analysis in the assessment of diagnostic and prognostic significance of nucleolus organizer regions in colorectal epithelial neoplasms].

Different parametric and non-parametric methods of statistics have been analysed in the assessment of diagnostic and prognostic value of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in epithelial colorectal neoplasms. NORs activity was studied in adenomas and so-called "small" adenocarcinomas invading only mucosa and submucosa. The data obtained show that NORs activity can help in the differential diagnosis of adenomas and in situ adenocarcinomas of the colorectum.

[Sarcoma consisting of dendritic reticular cells].

Sarcoma consisting of dendritic reticular cells is one of the histiocytic sarcoma variants. In the case reported sarcoma affected axillary lymph nodes in a 20-year-old male. The tumor was surgically removed but recurred 2 years after radiation and polychemotherapy.

Estrogenic effect of DDT in CBA female mice.

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) administered to CBA female mice provoked a significant uterine weight increase and pseudoestrus comparable to that produced by diethylstilbestrol (DES) used in a positive control.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and risk of lung cancer in non-smoking women from Moscow, Russia.

The association between exposure to ETS and the risk of lung cancer in life-time non-smoking women was investigated by means of a hospital based case-control study in Moscow, Russia. The main importance of our study is that it was conducted on a population with a specific smoking pattern from which no information is available on health effects of ETS. A total of 189 incident cases of histologically confirmed lung cancer were identified in 2 principal cancer treatment hospitals in Moscow.

Renal cell tumours in mice: electron microscopy versus immunohistochemistry.

15 renal cell tumours induced in CBA male mice by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine were studied electronmicroscopically (EM). All these tumours earlier were investigated histochemically and immunohistochemically with the use of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) as a marker of the proximal tubules and antigen A6 as a marker of distal tubules and/or collecting ducts. One of the tumours was GGT-positive and antigen A6-negative and ultrastructurally well developed brush border was found.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine carcinogenesis in C3HA and CBA female mice prenatally treated with diethylstilbestrol.

C3HA and CBA female mice received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 0.

Sarcomatous lesions in CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine: independent primaries or metastases?

CBA female mice treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) alone or in combination with oestradiol dipropionate (EP) or ascorbic acid (AA) developed, as expected, a high incidence of uterine sarcomas. In addition, sarcomatous lesions at unusual sites (mainly in the forestomach) were evident. The incidence of sarcomatous lesions at other sites was 53/220 in mice having uterine sarcomas and 0/186 in mice treated with DMH but without uterine sarcomas.

Cancer incidence and mortality among beta-naphthylamine and benzidine dye workers in Moscow.

Background: Cancer incidence and mortality were evaluated among 4581 aniline dye production workers in Moscow.

Methods: A historical cohort was assembled and followed-up from 1 January 1975 to 31 December 1989. Moscow district oncologic dispensary registries furnished case ascertainment and employer records provided job exposure data.

Extremely high production of thymidine by TNF-susceptible L929 cells.

We confirmed with the use of crystal violet bioassay the high susceptibility of mouse L929 cells to the cytotoxic action of recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). However, when a [3H]thymidine release assay was used for the same purpose, we found that [3H]thymidine uptake by the L929 cells, in contrast to low-malignant TNF-resistant spontaneously transformed Syrian hamster embryo cells of the STHE strain, was significantly reduced (P < 0.001).