Association between the dual use of electronic and conventional cigarettes and NAFLD status in Korean men.

Introduction: This study investigated the association between smoking types, including dual use (usage of both combustible cigarettes and e-cigarettes), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) status in Korean men.

Methods: Data from the 7th and 8th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2020 were used. The presence of NAFLD was defined by the respective cut-off values for the Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), NAFLD Ridge Score (NRS), and Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NAFLD score (KNS).

Approaches to Clinical Complete Response after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Possibilities and Limitations.

In the surgical oncology field, the change from a past radical surgery to an organ preserving surgery is a big trend. In muscle-invasive bladder cancer treatment, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients eligible for cisplatin. There is a growing interest in bladder preserving strategies after NAC because good oncologic outcome has been reported for pathologic complete response (pCR) patients after NAC, and many studies have continued to discuss whether bladder preservation treatment is possible for these patients.

Changes in mental health service utilization before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide database analysis in Korea.

Objectives: The present study examined the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health service utilization through a comparative analysis of nationwide data regarding inpatient care users, outpatient visits, emergency department (ED) visits, and admissions via the ED before and during the pandemic.

Methods: Data from approximately 350,000 Koreans diagnosed with mental illness were analyzed in terms of hospitalization, outpatient visits, and ED visits between January 2018 and June 2021. An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to determine the significance of changes in mental health service utilization indicators.

Analyses of Foveal Avascular Zone in Patients with General Blunt Ocular Trauma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of blunt ocular trauma (BOT) on foveal circulation, and in particular the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This retrospective study consisted of 96 eyes (48 traumatized eyes and 48 nontraumatized eyes) from 48 subjects with BOT. We analyzed the FAZ area of deep capillary plexus (DCP) and superficial capillary plexus (SCP) immediately after BOT and at 2 weeks after BOT.

Diagnostic accuracy of a three-protein signature in women with suspicious breast lesions: a multicenter prospective trial.

Background: Mammography screening has been proven to detect breast cancer at an early stage and reduce mortality; however, it has low accuracy in young women or women with dense breasts. Blood-based diagnostic tools may overcome the limitations of mammography. This study assessed the diagnostic performance of a three-protein signature in patients with suspicious breast lesions.

Synovial Osteochondromatosis: Clinical Characteristics Unique to the Shoulder.

Background: Synovial osteochondromatosis (SOC) of the shoulder is a rare condition with unclear characteristics. This study evaluated the clinical features and postoperative functional outcomes of SOC of the shoulder that are distinct from SOC of other joints.

Methods: The characteristics of 28 shoulders with SOC that underwent arthroscopy were retrospectively assessed.

Association of Knowledge About Dementia with Two Dimensional Attitudes Among a Community Population in South Korea.

Background: Providing correct information about dementia and people living with dementia and improving the attitude toward the disease have important implications in overcoming prejudice and negative perceptions and strengthening the social support system. However, studies are limited about which aspects of dementia knowledge affect attitudes toward it and the influence of such knowledge on particular aspects of such attitudes.

Objective: This study examined which part of dementia knowledge affects attitudes toward dementia and, furthermore, the influence of such knowledge on two aspects of attitudes in the general population.

Immediate versus staged complete revascularization in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel coronary artery disease: results from a prematurely discontinued randomized multicenter trial.

Background: We aimed to compare clinical outcomes between immediate and staged complete revascularization in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for treating ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD).

Methods: A total of 248 patients were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, and multicenter registry. Immediate revascularization was defined as one-time PCI of culprit and non-culprit lesions at the initial procedure.

Evaluation of changes in neural oscillation after bilateral capsulotomy in treatment refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder using magnetoencephalogram.

Bilateral thermal capsulotomy with magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS-capsulotomy) is a promising treatment option for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Herein, we investigated the effects of bilateral thermal capsulotomy with MRgFUS on neural oscillations in treatment-refractory OCD patients. Eight patients underwent resting-state MEG with repeated recordings before and 1 and 6 months after MRgFUS-capsulotomy, and the oscillatory power and phase coherence over the entire cortical sensor area were measured.

Concomitant Occurrence of Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Few case reports exist on the association of acute motor axonal neuropathy, a subtype of the Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), with systemic lupus erythematosus. Standard therapeutic guidelines for concomitant acute motor axonal neuropathy and systemic lupus erythematosus in the acute phase are not established, and no studies have reported physical medicine and rehabilitation perspective management in the plateau and recovery phases. A 50-yr-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with upper and lower limb weakness that progressed to an inability to walk.

Independent effect of cardiometabolic syndromes and depression on dementia in Parkinson's disease: A 12-year longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort.

Background: We aimed to investigate the incidence rate of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) according to age and disease duration by sex. Furthermore, we explored the effect of each cardiometabolic syndrome and depression on the incidence of PDD.

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 79,622 patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) aged ≥40 years between January 2002 and December 2010 were followed to December 2019.

Management for Electrolytes Disturbances during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.

Despite the lack of proven superiority in mortality compared to intermittent hemodialysis, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the preferred renal replacement therapy modality for critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) due to better hemodynamic stability and steady correction of electrolytes disturbances and volume overload. Multiple and complex electrolyte disorders in patients with AKI can be managed effectively with CRRT because controlled and predictable correction is feasible. Thus, CRRT has an advantage with safety over conventional hemodialysis, especially in patients with both renal dysfunction and electrolyte disorder that require a sophisticated treatment with avoidance of rapid correction.

Sex differences in the progression of cerebral microbleeds in patients with concomitant cerebral small vessel disease.

Background And Purpose: Sex differences in cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are not well-known. We aimed to assess the impact of sex on the progression of CMBs.

Methods: The CHALLENGE (Comparison Study of Cilostazol and Aspirin on Changes in Volume of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease White Matter Changes) database was analyzed.

Epidemiology of Second Non-breast Primary Cancers among Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Korean Population-Based Study by the SMARTSHIP Group.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and prognosis of second non-breast primary cancer (SNBPC) among Korean survivors of breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service were searched to identify women who received curative surgery for initial breast cancer (IBC) between 2003 and 2008 (n=64,340). Among them, patients with the following characteristics were excluded: other cancer diagnosis before IBC (n=10,866), radiotherapy before IBC (n=349), absence of data on sex or age (n=371), or male (n=248).

Sex difference in the association between type of bystander CPR and clinical outcomes in patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest.

Background: A recent study suggested that women with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have a smaller survival benefit with bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation than men. We evaluated whether this weaker association between bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival in women is related to dispatcher-assisted vs unassisted bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Methods: In a national registry in the Republic of Korea, we identified adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during 2013-2018.

Flexible real-time skin dosimeter based on a thin-film copper indium gallium selenide solar cell for electron radiation therapy.

Purpose: Various dosimeters have been proposed for skin dosimetry in electron radiotherapy. However, one main drawback of these skin dosimeters is their lack of flexibility, which could make accurate dose measurements challenging due to air gaps between a curved patient surface and dosimeter. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest a novel flexible skin dosimeter based on a thin-film copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell, and to evaluate its dosimetric characteristics.

Efficacy and safety of prone position in COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Prone position has already been demonstrated to improve survival in non-COVID acute respiratory distress syndrome and has been widely performed in COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure, both in non-intubated and intubated patients. However, the beneficial effect of the prone position in COVID-19 pneumonia still remains controversial. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the prone position compared with the non-prone in non-intubated and intubated COVID-19 patients, respectively.

Parental smartphone addiction and adolescent smartphone addiction by negative parenting attitude and adolescent aggression: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the mediating role of negative parenting attitudes and adolescent aggression in the relationship between parents' and adolescents' smartphone addiction.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The study involved 2,360 adolescents (1,275 boys, 54.