Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)
January 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Background And Importance: Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is a rare, acquired aberration of the innervation of the superior oblique, resulting in episodic monocular contraction of the superior oblique muscle characterized by intermittent rotatory eye movement causing diplopia and oscillopsia. Several treatment modalities have been described to treat SOM, including medication and surgical interventions. There is a paucity of reports describing microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve near the root entry zone for the treatment of a neurovascular conflict.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMov Disord Clin Pract
December 2024
Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Background: Myoclonus and other jerky movement disorders are hyperkinetic disorders, the diagnosis of which heavily relies on clinical neurophysiological testing. However, formal diagnostic criteria are lacking, and recently the utility and reliability of these tests have been questioned.
Objective: The aim of this review was to assess the utilization of clinical neurophysiology testing to identify possible gaps and boundaries that might guide the development of new methods for a more precise diagnosis and in-depth understanding of myoclonus.
Indian J Pharmacol
September 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Latifa Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, UAE.
Metformin, an insulin-sensitizer, is used in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in obese women as it helps in weight loss and regularizes the menstrual cycle. However, impaired absorption of Vitamin B12 due to metformin has also been hypothesized. Here, we report the case of a 39-year-old woman prescribed metformin for PCOS, presenting with an unusual symptom of eyelid myokymia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)
December 2024
Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown)
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background And Importance: We describe, to our knowledge, the first report of fully endoscopic microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve in a patient with superior oblique myokymia (SOM).
Clinical Presentation: A 51-year-old female presented with multiple years of intermittent, "jumpy," and "shimmering" visual disturbances. She was diagnosed with SOM.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
The authors report a rare case of a 58-year-old female with mild right-sided hemifacial spasms and eyelid myokymia and a concomitant high-grade glial mass. This report outlines the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management of right hemifacial spasms and eyelid myokymia. The patient had a 5-month history of gradually worsening right hemifacial spams accompanied by mild right lower eyelid twitching.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The treatment options available for Superior Oblique Myokymia (SOM) previously included surgery and systemic drugs, with the addition of beta blockers from the early 1990's. This case review aims to examine the efficacy of topical timolol (0.5%) as a treatment for SOM in the short and long term.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJFMS Open Rep
December 2024
IVC Evidensia Small Animal Referral Hospital Hart van Brabant, Waalwijk, The Netherlands.
Case Summary: A 16-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat with methimazole-treated hyperthyroidism presented with a chronic progressive history of a stiff gait progressing to recumbency. A neurological examination revealed continuous excessive muscle tone with myokymia, which exacerbated with exercise and persisted during general anaesthesia. An electromyographic study revealed myokymic discharges in all tested muscles, as well as complex repetitive discharges, fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, 56128 Pisa, Italy.
Background: Autosomal recessive inherited pathogenetic variants in the histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 () gene are responsible for an axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy associated with neuromyotonia, a phenomenon resulting from peripheral nerve hyperexcitability that causes a spontaneous muscle activity such as persistent muscle contraction, impaired relaxation and myokymias.
Methods: Herein, we describe two brothers in whom biallelic variants were identified following a multidisciplinary approach.
Results: The younger brother came to our attention for clinical evaluation of moderate intellectual disability, language developmental delay, and some behavioral issues.
Neuromuscul Disord
November 2024
Division of Neurology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:
Neuromyotonia, also known as Isaac syndrome, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by continuous muscle activity, stiffness, and spontaneous muscle contractions, it is very rare in children. We report a 16-year-old female patient with neuromyotonia. She presented with pain, stiffness, autonomic symptoms and muscle myokymia in both lower limbs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
October 2024
Clinical Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.
Curr J Neurol
January 2024
Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Cureus
September 2024
Internal Medicine, California Hospital Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA.
Cureus
September 2024
Ophthalmology, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Medical Park Kocaeli Hospital, Kocaeli, TUR.
Introduction: Previous studies have shown that isolated eyelid myokymia (EM) is usually caused by stress, fatigue, and caffeine consumption. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between EM and digital screen time, uncorrected refractive error, intraocular pressure (IOP), and blood electrolyte levels.
Methods: Between February 2023 and June 2024, 103 eyes of 103 patients who applied to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic with complaints of eyelid twitching lasting for more than two weeks and 103 eyes of 103 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study.
Handb Clin Neurol
August 2024
UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Department of Neuroinflammation, and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Cogn Neurodyn
August 2024
Department of Neurology, Health Sciences University Izmir Tepecik Training & Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Ann Indian Acad Neurol
July 2024
Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Am J Case Rep
July 2024
Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco-Fresno, Fresno, CA, USA.
BACKGROUND Morvan fibrillary chorea (Morvan syndrome) is a rare disorder marked by a collection of neurological symptoms such as myokymia, peripheral nerve excitability, neuromyotonia, autonomic instability, memory impairment, and delirium. Morvan syndrome is suspected to occur through antibodies directed against voltage gated potassium channels (VGKC), and has been linked with several autoimmune conditions and hematologic malignancies. We present a case of Morvan syndrome in association with monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Oral Health
June 2024
Section of Geriatric Dentistry and Perioperative Medicine in Dentistry, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Assoc Physicians India
December 2023
Professor and HOD, Department of Neurology, Stanley Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Corresponding Author.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an acquired, immune-mediated neuropathy affecting peripheral nerves and nerve roots. It is characterized by symmetric weakness involving both proximal and distal muscles; it can be relapsing-remitting or progressive in course. The clinical manifestations of CIDP are various and may present with atypical features, like myokymia, tremor, or tremor-like phenomena, which may mislead the clinician in diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRom J Ophthalmol
April 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.
Unlabelled: Several ocular adverse effects have been attributed to Topiramate, a sulfonamide derivative. It can cause problems in the eye such as choroidal effusion syndrome, acute angle closure glaucoma, myopic shift, visual field defects, and Myokymia. If not identified early, it can be vision-threatening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Genet Genomics
August 2024
Department of Medical Genetics and Center for Rare Diseases, and Department of Neurology, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases for Precision Medicine and Clinical Translation in Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China. Electronic address:
KCNA1 is the coding gene for Kv1.1 voltage-gated potassium-channel α subunit. Three variants of KCNA1 have been reported to manifest as paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD), but the correlation between them remains unclear due to the phenotypic complexity of KCNA1 variants as well as the rarity of PKD cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHead Neck
June 2024
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Background: We used electromyography to characterize hypoglossal nerve function among radiation-treated head and neck cancer survivors with later onset unilateral tongue immobility.
Methods: Patients with unilateral tongue immobility without evidence of recurrent cancer were seen at a tertiary academic institution between February and September 2021. All patients were at least 2 years post-treatment with radiation therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Neurology
January 2024
From the Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
A 61-year-old man presented with 2 days of "flickering" vision. The symptom resolved with closure of the left eye. Examination demonstrated involuntary high-frequency, low-amplitude intorting movements of the left eye, consistent with superior oblique myokymia (Video 1).
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