Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes.

Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a rare infection, and several outbreaks have been reported in the last 2 decades. However, the clinical spectrum is still poorly understood. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes in NTM IE.

Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis in a Child: A Case Report.

Introduction: Peritonitis is a significant complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Additionally, in severe or prolonged cases of peritonitis, the structure and function of the peritoneum may change, making it difficult to continue PD. Thus, identifying the causative agent and early administration of antibiotics are essential to minimize the risk of treatment failure.

Duplex recombinase aided amplification-lateral flow dipstick assay for rapid distinction of and .

Objectives: This study aims to develop a novel diagnostic approach using the recombinase aided amplification-lateral flow dipstick(RAA-LFD) assay for the distinction of (MTB) and (MAC), enabling rapid and convenient as well as accurate identification of them in clinical samples.

Methods: Our study established a duplex RAA-LFD assay capable of discriminating between MTB and MAC. Based on the principles of RAA primer and probe design, specific primers and probes were developed targeting the MTB and the MAC separately.

Challenges in diagnosing bovine tuberculosis through surveillance and characterization of Mycobacterium species in slaughtered cattle in Kolkata.

Background: Tuberculosis in cattle is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) species. Apart from MTBC, different Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) species have also been isolated from cattle. The presence of NTM infection in bovines makes the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) a cumbersome task.

The Intriguing Pattern of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Bulgaria and Description of sp. nov.

We investigated the rise of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in Bulgaria, focusing on species identification and distribution from 2018 to 2022. Utilizing advanced diagnostic tools, including the Hain Mycobacterium CM/AS method, Myco-biochip assay, and whole-genome sequencing, the study identifies and characterizes a diverse range of species from clinical samples. While , , , and were dominating, a number of rare species were also found.

A Case of Mycobacterium Fortuitum Infection in the Left Thigh.

Background: In March 2024, our hospital confirmed a case of Mycobacterium fortuitum infection in the left thigh. In January 2024, the patient underwent buttock augmentation surgery at a private plastic surgery hospital. One month after the surgery, the patient sought medical attention at the plastic surgery hospital, due to pain in both legs while sitting.

Distribution of nontuberculous mycobacteria in dental unit waterlines: A potential health hazard in the dental office.

Background: It is essential to control the microbiology of dental unit water lines (DUWs) to prevent the spread of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and associated oral diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the presence of NTM in the water of 112 DUWs from dental centers and 57 DUWs from individual dental offices in Tehran, Iran.

Methods: A total of 169 water samples were collected from DUWs.

Repurposing antiparasitic N,N'-aliphatic diamine derivatives as promising antimycobacterial agents.

In previous studies, we demonstrated the potent activity of a library of 25 N,N'-disubstituted diamines (NNDDA) toward Trypanosomatid and Apicomplexa parasites. Considering the structure similarity between this collection and SQ109, an antituberculosis compound, and its compelling antiparasitic properties, we aimed to repurpose this library for tuberculosis treatment. We assayed this collection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and M.

Increasing trends of non-tuberculous mycobacteria clinical isolates in Guangzhou, China.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are one of major public health concern. The current study aimed to find the prevalence trends of NTM in Guangzhou, China from January 2018 to December 2023. A total of 26,716 positive mycobacterial cultures were collected.

An alveolus lung-on-a-chip model of lung infection.

Lung disease due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is rising in incidence. While both two dimensional cell culture and animal models exist for NTM infections, a major knowledge gap is the early responses of human alveolar and innate immune cells to NTM within the human alveolar microenvironment. Here we describe development of a humanized, three-dimensional, alveolus lung-on-a-chip (ALoC) model of lung infection that incorporates only primary human cells such as pulmonary vascular endothelial cells in a vascular channel, and type I and II alveolar cells and monocyte-derived macrophages in an alveolar channel along an air-liquid interface.

The Drug Susceptibility of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) in a Referral Hospital in Rome from 2018 to 2023.

The treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections is challenging because of the difficulty in obtaining phenotypic (pDST) and/or molecular (mDST) drug susceptibility testing and the need of a multi-drug regimen. : The objective was to describe the in vitro susceptibility patterns of various NTM species through an analysis of susceptibility results obtained on isolates collected between 2018 and 2023. Species identification and mutations in or genes (mDST) were identified by a line probe assay, while the pDST was performed by broth microdilution and interpreted according to CLSI criteria.

Mycobacterium fortuitum : A Rare Cause of Surgical Site Infection.

Mycobacterium fortuitum is a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium mainly associated with skin, soft tissue and surgical site infections. We report an unusual outbreak of 6 cases of surgical site infection following spinal surgery. Patients received combined intravenous antibiotics, including amikacin, followed by an extended period of oral therapy with favorable clinical outcomes.

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Extrapulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections in a Tertiary-Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study.

The incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections has increased globally; however, the clinical manifestations and optimal treatment strategies for extrapulmonary NTM infections remain poorly defined. This study assessed the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of extrapulmonary NTM infections. Data from adult patients with suspected extrapulmonary NTM infections at a tertiary-care hospital from 2009-2022 were categorized into NTM disease and isolation groups.

Polypropylene Mesh Infection From Surgical Site Infections Caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum.

This report highlights two cases of surgical site infections (SSIs) caused by (Mf) following abdominal mesh implantation. The first case involved an 83-year-old male experiencing non-healing erythema and wounds post-operation, which persisted despite multiple treatments, until effective management was achieved with targeted antibiotics after Mf identification. The second case concerned a female patient with a gynecological postoperative hernia, where Mf was quickly detected following SSI onset three weeks after surgery.

Anti-biofilm activities and antibiotic synergy of naturally occurring compounds against drug-resistant rapidly growing mycobacteria.

Unlabelled: Some naturally occurring compounds, known for their antimicrobial activities, have been employed as food additives. However, their efficacy in treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria is yet to be fully explored. Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), a category within nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), are prevalent in various environments and can lead to infections in humans.