The effect of culture media dilution on recovery of rapidly growing mycobacteria.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are important environmental opportunistic pathogens of human and animals. Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) are important emerging pathogens causing NTM infections. Unfortunately, the majority of microorganisms in the environment resist cultivation in the laboratory.

Challenges in Treating Prosthetic Joint Infection.

Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) remain a major complication of arthroplasty, most of which are caused by and gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, cultures are false negative in upward of 7 percent of patients with suspected PJIs, and commonly in infections caused by rare rapidly growing mycobacterium (RGM) species. Guidelines recommend 6 months of antimycobacterial therapy for bone diseases caused by RGM, with empiric therapy consists of an oral macrolide (clarithromycin or azithromycin) plus tobramycin and imipenem-cilastatin.

Profile of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients Suspected of Tuberculosis and Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.

 Infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is increasing globally and may present as drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRTB). In India, data on NTM prevalence and species diversity is limited. Present study was conducted to detect the prevalence and profile of NTM among patients suspected of DRTB using paraffin slide culture (PSC)and mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) culture methods for isolation of NTM.

Recurrent Skin Infection Unmasked as Factitious Disorder Using Bacterial Whole Genome Sequence Analysis.

infections usually resolve with adequate therapy. We report the case of an adolescent with a chronic and progressive infection refractory to combined antimicrobial and surgical therapy. Whole genome sequence analysis of consecutive isolates distinguished reinfection from recurrence and contributed to the diagnosis of a factitious disorder.

Investigating hospital Mycobacterium chelonae infection using whole genome sequencing and hybrid assembly.

Mycobacterium chelonae is a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that is a common cause of nosocomial infections. Here we describe investigation of a possible nosocomial transmission of M. chelonae at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP).

Management of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections of the eye and orbit: A retrospective case series.

Purpose: To provide an update on different management approaches for Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) infections of the eye and orbit.

Observations: A total of 9 eyes from 8 patients were found to meet study criteria. Of these 9 eyes, 6 eyes (66%) involved , 2 (22%) involved , and 1 (11%) involved .

Genotypic analysis of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolated from raw milk and human cases in Wisconsin.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) compose a group of mycobacteria that do not belong to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex group. They are frequently isolated from environmental samples such as water, soil, and, to a lesser extent, food samples. Isolates of NTM represent a major health threat to humans worldwide, especially those who have asthma or are immunocompromised.

Infectious complications related to medical tourism.

Background: Medical tourism has been increasing dramatically globally, with people travelling from developed countries to low-income or middle-income countries, often to avoid high costs or long delays associated with seeking healthcare in their countries of origin. The current review summarizes healthcare-related infections associated with medical tourism, focusing on cosmetic surgery and organ transplantation.

Methods: A systematic MEDLINE and PubMed search from January 2010 to December 2019 yielded 80 relevant articles, including 49 articles on medical tourism-related infections focusing on cosmetic surgery and organ transplantation, which were included in this reviews.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria: A report of eighteen cases from a tertiary care center in India.

Context: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous mycobacteria present in environment and generally affect patients with either structural lung disease or immunosuppression and commonly involve lungs, lymph node, or skin.

Materials And Methods: Between July 2016 and February 2019, 18 cases of NTM were diagnosed and their relevant clinical, diagnostic, and treatment details were recorded after taking informed consent.

Results: We report 18 cases of NTM involving lungs (n = 11), skin and soft tissue (n = 3), joint (n = 2), genitourinary (n = 1), and central nervous system (n = 1).

Omadacycline for treatment of skin infection.

can be difficult to treat because of inherent resistance to many available antimicrobials. We present a case of a multidrug-resistant skin infection in a 52-year-old woman who presented with a 3- to 4-week history of painful, erythematous nodules on the bilateral lower extremities. She demonstrated dramatic improvement at her 4-week follow-up on omadacycline.

Septic arthritis due to non-tuberculous mycobacterium without effusion.

Septic arthritis is an important but difficult to make diagnosis that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Joint effusion is generally accepted to be a highly sensitive finding in septic arthritis; however, final diagnosis requires synovial fluid studies. Without a significant joint effusion, it is difficult to obtain synovial fluid.

bacteraemia in a patient with myasthenia gravis receiving long-term steroid therapy.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous environmental organisms found in soil and water. Infections caused by NTM are increasing with conditions ranging from harmless colonization to invasive infections, the latter being more common in immunocompromised hosts. In this report, we present a case of bacteraemia caused by , a rapidly growing NTM belonging to Class IV in the Runyon classification, in a 71-year-old male with ocular myasthenia gravis undergoing treatment with oral prednisolone.

Surgical cure of clarithromycin resistant breast implant infection: A case report and review of the literature.

Clusters of patients who obtain cosmetic surgeries abroad have developed surgical site infections due to rapid growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). These are usually treated with a combination of surgery and months of anti-mycobacterial therapy, but poor outcomes, including permanent scarring are common. We present a case of a 36-year-old female who developed a clarithromycin-resistant (CRMC) infection after undergoing breast augmentation in the Dominican Republic.

Cording in Disseminated Mycobacterium chelonae Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient.

Cording is a phenomenon in which acid fast bacilli grow in parallel and was previously used as a means of presumptive microscopic identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). However, this process has been shown in multiple other nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species. Here we present the case of an immunocompromised adult who presented with wrist pain, weight loss, and cough.

Mycobacterial Infections of the Hand.

Background: Hand infections caused by mycobacteria are relatively uncommon compared to infections caused by other pathogens; therefore, much of the available literature consists of case reports and limited case series. Broadly categorized into tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections, both tuberculous and NTM infections are typically insidious with long incubation periods and with the ability to remain dormant for prolonged periods.

Methods: We reviewed the most current literature on the epidemiology, presentations, treatment methods, and resistance patterns of mycobacterial infections of the hand focusing on the indications and outcomes of nonoperative as well as operative interventions.

Mycobacteriosis and Infections with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria in Aquatic Organisms: A Review.

The constitute a family of varied Gram-positive organisms that include a large number of pathogenic bacteria. Among these, non-tuberculous mycobacteria are endemic worldwide and have been associated with infections in a large number of organisms, including humans and other mammals and reptiles, as well as fish. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings regarding this group of pathogens in fish.

Small vessel vasculitis secondary to Mycobacterium chelonae.

Mycobacterial infection can be seriously debilitating and challenging to diagnose. The infection can mimic vasculitis associated with positive anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA). This clinical scenario is exemplified with a well-studied case of a 63-year-old Caucasian man with uncontrolled diabetes and ulcerative colitis on immunosuppressive agents.

Biofilms of the non-tuberculous form an extracellular matrix and display distinct expression patterns.

is an environmental, non-tuberculous mycobacterial species, capable of causing infections in humans. Biofilm formation is a key strategy used by in colonising niches in the environment and in the host. We studied a water-air interface (pellicle) biofilm of using a wide array of approaches to outline the molecular structure and composition of the biofilm.

Peripheral pulmonary nodule diagnosed as mycobacterium chelonae using electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy combined with next generation sequencing: a case report.

We report the case of a 29-year-old female with a 1.1 cm × 1.1 cm solitary nodule adjacent to the pleura in the upper lobe of the right lung that was diagnosed as Mycobacterium chelonae using electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy combined with next generation sequencing.

An injection abscess due to : A rare case report.

An iatrogenic injection abscess is usually easy to treat if caused by aerobic bacteria but some rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), namely, are associated with postinjection abscess and may cause delayed wound healing. RGM can cause mild localized cellulitis or abscess to osteomyelitis following penetration injuries or unsafe injection practices. A 7-year-old girl was presented to pediatric surgery OPD with abscess formation over the right buttock.

Influence of climate variables on the rising incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections in Queensland, Australia 2001-2016.

Unlabelled: International reports indicate a rising incidence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease. Many infectious diseases have seasonal variation in incidence, and major weather events and climate change have been implicated. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between climate variables and NTM incident cases in Queensland, Australia.

Hemophagocytic syndrome in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: A study of 15 consecutive patients.

Objective: Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is characterized by various clinical and biological data derived from cytokine hyperproduction and cell proliferation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the epidemiological, etiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of patients diagnosed with hemophagocytic syndrome and HIV infection, as well as their comparison with data from the literature.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive observational study was performed, including all adult patients with a diagnosis of HPS and HIV infection treated in the Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Unit of the Hospital Universitario Insular, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria from June 1, 1998 to December 31, 2018.