Combatting Helicobacter pylori: A Focus on Nanomaterials.

Developing effective non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies is essential for combating global antibiotic resistance, including resistance stemming from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. Nanomaterials offer a promising and innovative approach for non-antibiotic anti-H.

Detection and treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants: updates and recommendations.

Purpose Of Review: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is common and is a source of potentially avoidable morbidity through childhood and adult life. Despite progress over the past century, there is a wide variation in policy, practice and outcomes between countries. This review considers information from a geographically wide range of locations to evaluate the impact of these variations and understand how these variations arise.

Non-surgical spinal cord infarction: case series & long-term follow-up of functional outcome.

Introduction: Spinal cord infarction is a rare but often devastating disorder. The pathogenesis of most non-surgical cases involves atherothrombosis and treatment with anticoagulation and antiplatelet agents may be indicated. Functional recovery in most cases is poor.

Long term follow up of 257 consecutive cementless Oxford medial compartment knee arthroplasties at a non-designer centre.

Aims: This study aimed to review the survivorship, indication for revision and patient reported outcomes for 257 consecutive Oxford cementless unicompartmental knee arthroplasties (OUKA's) in 238 patients at 12-14 years post-operatively.

Methods: Patients underwent surgery between April 2008 and October 2010 by two non-design surgeons including their learning curve. The 5-year clinical and radiological outcomes have already been reported.

A quantitative study on the impact of a community falls pharmacist role, on medicines optimisation in older people at risk of falls.

Background: The World Falls guidance includes medication review as part of its recommended multifactorial risk assessment for those at high risk of falling. Use of Falls Risk Increasing Drugs (FRIDs) along with polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden (ACB) are known to increase the risk of falls in older people.

Method: The impact of a community falls pharmacist within a hospital Trust, working as part of a multi-professional community falls prevention service, was evaluated in 92 people aged 65 years or older, by analysing data before and after pharmacist review, namely: number and type of FRIDs prescribed; anticholinergic burden score using ACBcalc; appropriateness of medicines prescribed; bone health review using an approved too; significance of clinical intervention; cost avoidance, drug cost savings and environmental impact.

Socioeconomic deprivation is associated with worse health-related quality of life and greater opioid analgesia use while waiting for hip and knee arthroplasty.

Aims: The overall aim of this study was to determine the impact of deprivation with regard to quality of life, demographics, joint-specific function, attendances for unscheduled care, opioid and antidepressant use, having surgery elsewhere, and waiting times for surgery on patients awaiting total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: Postal surveys were sent to 1,001 patients on the waiting list for THA or TKA in a single Northern Ireland NHS Trust, which consisted of the EuroQol five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), visual analogue scores (EQ-VAS), and Oxford Hip and Knee Scores. Electronic records determined prescriptions since addition to the waiting list and out-of-hour GP and emergency department attendances.

Return to work and activity after rib-fixation for acute chest trauma: first application of a validated patient-reported outcomes assessment tool.

Objectives: Rib fractures present a heavy pain and functional burden in trauma. Our primary aim was to determine return to work in patients with acute rib fractures requiring surgical stabilization of rib fractures. Our secondary outcomes were pain and quality of life.

Technical note-the use of an inclinometer to accurately guide intra-operative femoral de-rotational osteotomies.

Femoral de-rotational osteotomies are a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic excessive femoral anteversion or retroversion. The author's preferred technique for performing a de-rotational osteotomy is via a subtrochanteric transverse osteotomy with intramedullary nail fixation. We describe a method for guiding femoral de-rotation correction intra-operatively using a bubble inclinometer.

Functional outcome and risk of non-union for 5th metatarsal base fractures.

Objectives: Treatment of 5th metatarsal fractures via direct discharge from virtual fracture clinic (VFC) has become common practice in the NHS. We aim to assess the functional outcome and incidence of non-union in a series of 5th metatarsal base fractures, exposed to 1-year of follow-up.

Methods: 194 patients who sustained a fracture between the period February 2019 to April 2020 were included, referred via the VFC pathway.

Neurocognitive functioning among children and young people with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The neurocognitive aspects of DMD have received less attention than the physiological sequalae. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature on the neurocognitive profile of children and young people with DMD. Five databases (EMBASE, Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science) and the grey literature was searched on 27 January 2023.

Reoperation risk of periprosthetic fracture after primary total hip arthroplasty using a collared cementless or a taper-slip cemented stem.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine both the incidence of, and the reoperation rate for, postoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture (POPFF) after total hip arthroplasty (THA) with either a collared cementless (CC) femoral component or a cemented polished taper-slip (PTS) femoral component.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of a consecutive series of 11,018 THAs over a ten-year period. All POPFFs were identified using regional radiograph archiving and electronic care systems.

Early surgery improves survival after femoral fractures in the elderly: A retrospective review of 502 fragility fractures.

Aims: Fragility fractures are a growing global healthcare burden; fragility fractures of the femur have been shown to occur in a highly comorbid patient group, with parallels to hip fracture patients. This study aimed to investigate if early surgery for femoral fractures, distal to the hip, resulted in a reduction in mortality in patients over 65 years of age.

Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data for all consecutive femoral fractures in patients aged over 65 years who underwent surgical management between January 2000 and December 2018.

Outcomes of Selective Arthrodesis Based on Joints Affected in 33 Feet With Müller-Weiss Disease.

No consensus exists regarding operative treatment of Müller-Weiss disease (MWD). Its only classification is based solely on Méary's angle and serves neither as guide to management nor prognosis. We report on 33 feet that underwent surgery following failed conservative management.

Effects of TNF-α inhibition secukinumab on active ultrasound-confirmed enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis.

Introduction: Enthesitis is a hallmark of psoriatic disease, but its clinical assessment is problematic in terms of diagnostic sensitivity and overlap with other comorbid conditions. Ultrasound is a useful tool that can give a more detailed assessment of enthesitis. Research demonstrates that those with persistent ultrasound entheseal disease are at risk of progressive articular damage.

The British Orthopaedic Oncology Management (BOOM) audit.

Aims: Most patients with advanced malignancy suffer bone metastases, which pose a significant challenge to orthopaedic services and burden to the health economy. This study aimed to assess adherence to the British Orthopaedic Oncology Society (BOOS)/British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) guidelines on patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) in the UK.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre, national collaborative audit was designed and delivered by a trainee-led collaborative group.

Are Patients With Morbid Obesity at Increased Risk of Pulmonary Embolism or Proximal Deep Vein Thrombosis After Lower Limb Arthroplasty? A Large-database Study.

Background: Whether increased BMI is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is controversial. Despite this, BMI > 40 kg/m 2 remains a common cutoff for lower limb arthroplasty eligibility. Current United Kingdom national guidelines list obesity as a risk factor for VTE, but these are based on evidence that has largely failed to differentiate between potentially minor (distal deep vein thrombosis [DVT]), and more harmful (pulmonary embolism [PE] and proximal DVT) diagnoses.

The painful truth of waiting for hip and knee arthroplasty in Northern Ireland.

Aims: The aim of this study was to report health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and joint-specific function in patients waiting for total hip or knee arthroplasty surgery (THA or TKA) in Northern Ireland, compared to published literature and a matched normal population. Secondary aims were to report emergency department (ED) and out-of-hours general practitioner (OOH GP) visits, new prescriptions of strong opioids, and new prescriptions of antidepressants while waiting.

Methods: This was a cohort study of 991 patients on the waiting list for arthroplasty in a single Northern Ireland NHS trust: 497 on the waiting list for ≤ three months; and 494 waiting ≥ three years.

Current concepts in the management of "Terrible Triad" injuries of the elbow.

Terrible triad injuries of the elbow are complex injuries which can result in long term complications and significant disability. They must be identified correctly, and managed appropriately in order to maximise functional outcomes. A clear understanding of the bony and ligamentous anatomy is essential to plan appropriate surgical reconstruction to provide elbow stability.

Towards understanding Müller-Weiss disease from an analysis of 95 cases.

Background: The single existing classification of Müller-Weiss Disease (MWD), based solely upon Méary's angle, serves neither as guide for prognosis nor treatment. This accounts for lack of gold standard in its management.

Methods: Navicular compression, medial extrusion, metatarsal lengths, Kite's, lateral and dorsoplantar talo-first metatarsal angles were measured in 95 feet with MWD.

Revision to the musculoskeletal domain of the BILAG-2004 index to incorporate ultrasound findings.

Objectives: To improve the definitions of inflammatory arthritis within the musculoskeletal (MSK) domain of the BILAG-2004 index by incorporating imaging findings and clinical features predictive of response to treatment.

Methods: The BILAG MSK Subcommittee proposed revisions to the BILAG-2004 index definitions of inflammatory arthritis, based on review of evidence in two recent studies. Data from these studies were pooled and analysed to determine the impact of the proposed changes on the severity grading of inflammatory arthritis.