CSF1-R inhibition attenuates posttraumatic osteoarthritis and quadriceps atrophy following ligament injury.

Knee osteoarthritis contributes substantially to worldwide disability. Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) develops secondary to joint injury, such as ligament rupture, and there is increasing evidence suggesting a key role for inflammation in the aetiology of PTOA and associated functional deficits. Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1-R) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal degeneration following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Relevance of muscle biopsies in the neonatal and early infantile period: a 52 years retrospective study in the gene-sequencing era.

Neuromuscular disorders (NMD) with neonatal or early infantile onset are usually severe and differ in symptoms, complications, and treatment options. The establishment of a diagnosis relies on the combination of clinical examination, morphological analyses of muscle biopsies, and genetic investigations. Here, we re-evaluated and classified a unique collection of 535 muscle biopsies from NMD infants aged 0-6 months examined over a period of 52 years.

Effect of traction therapy on muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation in a rat model of knee stiffness.

Background: In the rat knee stiffness model, the duration of traction treatment is mostly 20-40 min; however, relatively few studies have been conducted on longer traction treatment of extended knee stiffness in rats. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the efficacy of prolonged traction and its mechanism of action in extended knee stiffness in rats.

Methods: The model of extended knee joint stiffness was established in rats and treated with powered flexion position traction.

NEDD4 enhances bone‑tendon healing in rotator cuff tears by reducing fatty infiltration.

Rotator cuff tears (RCT) can cause shoulder pain, weakness and stiffness, significantly affecting daily life. Analysis of the GSE103266 dataset revealed significant changes in the mTOR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and lipid metabolism‑related pathways, suggesting that fatty infiltration may affect RCT. The analysis indicated that the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4 plays a critical role in RCT.

Wnt7a is required for regeneration of dystrophic skeletal muscle.

Intramuscular injection of Wnt7a has been shown to accelerate and augment skeletal muscle regeneration and to ameliorate dystrophic progression in mdx muscle, a model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here, we assessed muscle regeneration and function in wild type (WT) and mdx mice where Wnt7a was deleted in muscle using a conditional Wnt7a floxed allele and a Myf5-Cre driver. We found that both WT and mdx mice lacking Wnt7a in muscle, exhibited marked deficiencies in muscle regeneration at 21 d following cardiotoxin (CTX) induced injury.

Intermuscular hydatid cyst in the thigh musculature: a case report.

Introduction: Echinococcus granulosus, a tapeworm, is responsible for causing hydatid disease. Hydatid cysts rarely affect the musculoskeletal system, occurring in less than 5% of cases. This case report presents the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of muscle echinococcosis.

The dietary inflammatory index is positively associated with low muscle mass in adults: an analysis of NHANES.

Introduction: Using the data taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database, we explored the relationship between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and low muscle mass (LMM) in adults.

Methods: We examined 20,424 adults ≥ 20 years old from the 1999-2006 and 2011-2018 NHANES. We hypothesized that the DII is positively associated with the risk of LMM in adults.

Possible protective effect of quercetin on lung injury induced by skeletal muscle ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury of adult male albino rats: Histological and biochemical study.

When a lower limb is injured, the most delicate organs that are at risk of harm are the lungs. Among the flavonoids, quercetin is a significant component that is found in apples and onions in the highest proportions. Numerous biological actions, including as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties, have been linked to quercetin.

BLOOD AND TISSUE ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN BEARDED DRAGONS ().

Bearded dragons () are a common reptile species kept under human care and suffer from a wide range of diseases for which plasma biochemistry is used as a first-line diagnostic test. There is limited information available regarding tissue enzyme activities and origin that could assist in interpreting the bearded dragon plasma biochemistry enzymology profile. The aim of this study was to characterize the tissue activities of seven enzymes routinely used in the reptile biochemistry panel: alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) in 12 adult inland bearded dragons in 13 tissues, plasma, and red blood cells.

Extracellular vesicles in tumor-adipose tissue crosstalk: key drivers and therapeutic targets in cancer cachexia.

Cancer cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome characterized by unintentional loss of skeletal muscle and body fat. This syndrome is frequently associated with different types of cancer and negatively affects the prognosis and outcome of these patients. It involves a dynamic interplay between tumor cells and adipose tissue, where tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in mediating intercellular communication.

Intramuscular fatty infiltration and its correlation with muscle composition and function in hip osteoarthritis.

Background: Hip osteoarthritis patients display higher levels of fatty infiltration (FI) in the gluteus minimus (GM) compared to other hip muscles. We investigated specific histological factors such as fiber type composition and collagen deposition, and functional outcomes like muscle strength and activation associated with FI in these patients.

Methods: In twelve men (67 ± 6 y) undergoing total hip replacement (THR), hip and knee muscle strength and activation (electromyography, EMG) were assessed bilaterally.

Adipose-derived exosomes ameliorate skeletal muscle atrophy via miR-146a-5p/IGF-1R signaling.

The study of muscle disorders has gained popularity, with a particular emphasis on the relationship between adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In our investigation, we discovered that the deletion of miR-146a-5p specifically in adipose tissue (aKO) led to a notable rise in mice's mass and adiposity. In contrast, it led to a decline in lean mass, ability to exercise, diameter of muscle fibers, and the levels of genes associated with differentiation.

Impact of nutrition risk index, prognostic nutritional index and skeletal muscle index on early myelosuppression of first-line chemotherapy in stage IV gastric cancer patients.

Background: In gastric cancer (GC) patients, malnutrition is common and has a negative impact on treatment tolerance, survival, and prognosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between prechemotherapy nutritional state and early myelosuppression in stage IV GC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with stage IV GC who received first-line chemotherapy between July 2012 and December 2021.

Regulation of injury-induced skeletal myofiber regeneration by glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4).

Background: Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes impair cellular regeneration in multiple tissues including skeletal muscle. The molecular basis for this impairment is largely unknown. Glucose uptake via glucose transporter GLUT4 is impaired in insulin resistance.

Serial sonographic assessment of diaphragmatic atrophy and lung injury patterns in mechanically ventilated preterm infants to predict extubation failure: a prospective observational study.

Unlabelled: Diaphragmatic atrophy (DA) and lung injury (LI) have been associated with mechanical ventilation (MV). We aimed to assess the ultrasonographic changes in diaphragmatic thickness and LI during MV and their prediction for extubation failure in preterm infants. In this prospective observational study, mechanically ventilated preterm infants, < 30 weeks gestation, within the first 24 h of life underwent a baseline, within 24 h of MV, and serial diaphragmatic and lung ultrasounds scans until their first extubation attempt.

Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Rod Myopathy: An Interesting Case.

Sporadic late-onset nemaline rod myopathy is a rare, acquired, sub-acute, adult-onset myopathy characterized by proximal muscle weakness and nemaline rods in the myofibers. In contrast to its congenital form, the prevalence in adult population is comparatively rare. Herein, we report a case of 60-year-old male who presented with insidious onset proximal muscle weakness with myopathic pattern on electromyography.

The value of signal intensity ratios of orbital tissue to white matter of orbital MRI in evaluating graves' orbitopathy.

Absract: PURPOSE: To investigate the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of orbital tissue to white matter in orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing graves' orbitopathy (GO).

Methods: This study enrolled a total of 42 patients (79 eyes) with GO as the GO group, 10 patients (20 eyes) diagnosed with graves' disease (GD) without orbitopathy during the same period as the GD group, and 23 normal individuals with negative MRI results and no thyroid or eye diseases as the healthy control (HC) group. The signal intensity of the lacrimal gland (LG), extraocular muscle (EOM), ipsilateral temporal muscle (TM), ramus mandibulae, and white matter (WM) on MRI images was measured.

The impact of lymphedema severity on shoulder joint function and muscle activation patterns in breast cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) severity on shoulder function including range of motion, strength, muscle activation patterns, and patient-reported disability.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study design was utilized. Seventy-five women with unilateral BCRL were recruited and categorized into mild, moderate, and severe groups based on limb swelling severity.

Development of a natural rubber latex-based biodevice with mesenchymal stem cells as a potential treatment for skeletal muscle regeneration in gestational diabetes-induced myopathy.

Women with gestational diabetes mellitus show a high risk of developing Gestational Diabetes Induced Myopathy (GDiM). GDiM is characterized by significant pelvic floor skeletal muscle atrophy and urinary incontinence. This study aimed to develop a natural rubber latex (NRL) based biodevice with mesenchymal/stromal stem cells (MSCs) for skeletal muscle regeneration for women with GDiM.

Longitudinal Insights Into Childhood Onset Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy: A 5-Year Natural History Study.

Background And Objectives: Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is an inherited muscle disorder, with childhood onset in 20% of patients. Understanding the natural history of childhood FSHD and identifying clinical and functional outcome measures are crucial for clinical care and future trials.

Methods: In a prospective nationwide FSHD cohort study (iFocus), 20 childhood-onset patients were assessed at baseline, 2 years, and 5 years.

Imaging-based evaluation of cervical muscle mass and 6-month survival in males with hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: A significant proportion of newly diagnosed patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HC) are at risk of early death and may not benefit from cancer treatments. Our objective was to assess whether an image-based evaluation of muscle mass could identify patients at risk of impaired survival.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study consisted of male patients diagnosed with HC treated at Helsinki University Hospital between 2005 and 2014 (N = 66).

A Homozygous MYH1 Variant Underlies Autosomal Recessive Isolated Recurrent Rhabdomyolysis.

Rhabdomyolysis is a severe condition involving the breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers, leading to the release of muscle components into the bloodstream, which can lead to potential complications such as acute kidney injury and electrolyte imbalances. The etiology of rhabdomyolysis is multifactorial, encompassing traumatic, exertional, metabolic, infectious, toxic, and genetic causes. Genetic causes, including variants in LPIN1, RYR1, and CACNA1S, are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to recurrent rhabdomyolysis.

The Pathology of Intestinal Mucosal Disruption; Implications for Muscle Loss and Physical Dependency from Late Adolescence to Octogenarians.

Background And Objectives: A pathological increase in intestinal permeability causes muscle loss and physical decline by inducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. However, most relevant studies investigate older adults, and the appropriate data across age spans remain elusive. This study aimed to examine the associations of intestinal permeability with muscle loss and physical decline across a large span of ages.

Diaphragmatic pheochromocytoma: Two case reports and a review of the literature.

Rationale: Pheochromocytomas typically arise in the adrenal medulla, whereas ectopic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas commonly occur near the abdominal aorta, bladder, mediastinum, and head. Diaphragmatic pheochromocytomas are exceedingly rare, and there is limited surgical experience with their treatment.

Patient Concerns: In Case A, the subject is a 45-year-old male, while in Case B, the subject is a 59-year-old female.