Evaluating single-dose methotrexate alone versus methotrexate with letrozole for treating ectopic pregnancy: a comparative study.

Purpose: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) constitutes 1-2% of all pregnancies. Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly used in treating EP, but it has some limitations and potential side effects. Clinical studies have shown that letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, may potentially be used in conjunction with MTX therapy.

Predictors of Long-term All-Cause Mortality After Carotid Artery Stenting: Evaluation of the Naples Prognostic Score.

Background: Mortality in patients after carotid artery stenting (CAS), a treatment approach for atherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis, is influenced by numerous factors. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the Naples prognostic score (NPS), which reflects nutritional and inflammatory status, in CAS patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included 697 patients who underwent CAS from January 2016 to December 2020 at our institute.

An Echocardiographic Study of a Rare Cause of Mitral Regurgitation: Hypoplastic Posterior Mitral Valve Leaflet.

Background: The precise etiology of hypoplasia of the posterior mitral valve leaflet (PMVL) remains incompletely elucidated; however, it has been hypothesized to stem from genetic mutations occurring during fetal development. Herein, we present the anatomical characteristics of the mitral valve and associated cardiac pathologies in patients with hypoplastic PMVL.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study involved patients who presented between 2015 and 2021 at a tertiary healthcare facility.

Visual performance and quality of life in myopic adolescents with pupil-optimised multifocal versus single-vision contact lenses.

Clinical Relevance: Myopia control is a prominent area of global research, with multifocal contact lenses identified as an effective intervention for adolescents.

Background: This study aims to evaluate the visual performance and vision-related quality of life (QoL) of myopic adolescents when corrected with pupil-optimised multifocal soft contact lenses (MFSCLs) versus single-vision contact lenses (SVCLs), with each participant serving as their own control.

Methods: Thirty-five myopic adolescents, habitually wearing SVCLs and fitted with pupil-optimised MFSCL with mid-addition power, were recruited.

Unexpected consequences: A case of ketamine-induced seizure in procedural sedation.

This case report describes a 32-year-old male who underwent ketamine procedural sedation and experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Despite its rapid onset and favorable tolerance profile, this case emphasizes the potential convulsive side effects of ketamine, which is commonly used for procedural sedation. While ketamine has shown promise in treating acute pain, refractory status epilepticus, and treatment-resistant depression and schizophrenia, it is associated with side effects such as hallucinations, visual disturbances, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting.

The Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Infections in Respiratory Intensive Care Unit, Causative Microorganisms and Mortality.

Aim: This study aims to analyze the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) retrospectively and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) infections, characteristics of patients with these infections, causative microorganisms, and mortality rates in a tertiary respiratory intensive care unit (ICU).

Material And Method: Between 01.01.

Evaluating the reliability of the responses of large language models to keratoconus-related questions.

Clinical Relevance: Artificial intelligence has undergone a rapid evolution and large language models (LLMs) have become promising tools for healthcare, with the ability of providing human-like responses to questions. The capabilities of these tools in addressing questions related to keratoconus (KCN) have not been previously explored.

Background: In this study, the responses were evaluated from three LLMs - ChatGPT-4, Copilot, and Gemini - to common patient questions regarding KCN.

Prognostic value of pan immune-inflammation value in patients undergoing unprotected left main coronary artery stenting.

This study aimed long-term prognostic factors for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease, focusing on inflammatory parameters like Pan Immune-Inflammation Value (PIV) and Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII). This retrospective, observational study involved 121 patients receiving unprotected LMCA PCI.The study's primary end point was MACE, including all-cause death, repeat revascularization and myocardial reinfarction.

Comparison of the Anaemia and Transfusion Rates of Pregnant Women Treated with Intravenous versus Oral Iron in the Third Trimester.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the blood transfusion requirements during delivery in third-trimester pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) who were treated with intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) versus those treated with oral iron supplementation.

Study Design: Comparative study. Place and Duration of the Study: Bakirkoy Dr.

Prevalence of sarcopenia in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction and its impact on clinical outcomes.

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive age-related skeletal muscle disease associated with adverse outcomes in those with cardiovascular disease. In this study, the prevalence of sarcopenia and its effect on clinical outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) patients were examined.

Methods: A total of 722 patients from three centres who applied to the outpatient clinic with the diagnosis of HFmrEF between 01 January 2020 and 01 June 2021 were included in the study retrospectively.

Delta neutrophil index (DNI) as a potential biomarker for fetal growth restriction: insights from maternal hematological changes and neonatal outcomes.

Background: This study investigates the role of Delta Neutrophil Index (DNI), an inflammation marker, in late-onset fetal growth restriction (LO-FGR) and its prediction of composite adverse neonatal outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 684 pregnant women (456 with normal fetal development and 228 with LO-FGR) who delivered at Health Sciences University Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital between January 1, 2015, and June 30, 2018. Composite adverse neonatal outcomes were defined as at least one of the following: 5th minute APGAR score < 7, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.

Progesterone receptor B over progesterone receptor A prevents recurrence in bilateral endometriomas.

Objective: Endometriosis is a disease in which stromal cells and endometrial glands extend outside of the uterine cavity. Nevertheless, treatment failure and recurrence cause difficulties in management. This study aimed to evaluate the receptor-level components of bilateral endometriomas in the recurrence state.

Comparing Serum AMH, InhB, Testosterone Levels and Finger Length Ratio (2D/4D) of Male Children with Specific Learning Disorder and Controls.

Introduction: It has been suggested that inhibin B (InhB), Anti-Müllerian hormone (Müllerian-inhibiting substance, AMH) levels, and 2D/4D finger length ratios are related to sex differences in neurodevelopmental disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of InhB, AMH levels, and 2D/4D finger length ratios in male children with specific learning disorder (SLD).

Methods: The study included 38 male children diagnosed with SLD and 38 males of similar ages without SLD as the control group.

Prognostic value of nutrition for contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing peripheral vascular intervention.

The objective was to examine the predictive value of malnutrition, assessed via the Controlling Nutritional status (CONUT) and Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI) scores, in the development of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) following peripheral vascular intervention (PVI). This retrospective cross-sectional observational study included the enrollment of 243 consecutive patients who underwent PVI. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the occurrence of CA-AKI.

Female genital mutilation and urinary incontinence: an analytical comparison with Sudan's prevalent demography.

Objective: Female genital mutilation/cutting impacts over 200 million women globally and is linked to obstetric complications as well as long-term urogynecological and psychosexual issues that are frequently overlooked and inadequately addressed. This study aimed to assess the impact of female genital mutilation/cutting on urinary incontinence.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the gynecology department of the Research Hospital located in the Nyala rural region of Sudan.

Analysis of diffusion changes in cerebral tissues of Parki̇nson's patients who underwent subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation: Correlation of improvements in motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms.

Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) as a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a reduction in both the quantity and functionality of dopaminergic neurons. This succinctly highlights the central pathological feature of PD and its association with dopaminergic neuron degeneration, which underlies the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease. This study aims to elucidate the nuances of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in different cerebral regions by after the bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery of PD, as well as to investigate their potential interactions with the motor and neuropsychiatric spectrum.

The effectiveness of HALP score in predicting mortality in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.

Background: The HALP score, measured based on hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet levels, is regarded as a novel scoring system that indicates the status of systemic inflammation and nutritional health. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HALP score and prognosis in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients.

Methods: Between 1 January 2020 and 1 January 2022, 568 consecutive patients diagnosed with NSTEMI from a single center were included in the study retrospectively.

Evaluating the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on myopia: a video content analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos as an educational resource about myopia.

Methods: The videos were identified by searching YouTube with the keywords 'myopia' and 'nearsightedness', using the website's default search settings. The number of views, likes, dislikes, view ratio, source of the upload, country of origin, video type, and described treatment techniques were assessed.

Vascular endothelial growth factor and endocan expression in adrenal cortical tumors and their relationship with histopathological prognostic parameters.

The aim of this study was to determine the tissue expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endocan in adrenal cortical tumors and the factors associated with them. The study included 6 subjects with adrenocortical adenoma (ACA), 7 subjects with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), and 13 control subjects with a normal adrenal cortex. The status of VEGF and endocan expression was determined by the proportions of cells staining on a scale ranging from negative (not staining at all) to strongly positive.