COLOFIT: Development and Internal-External Validation of Models Using Age, Sex, Faecal Immunochemical and Blood Tests to Optimise Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer in Symptomatic Patients.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the United Kingdom and the second largest cause of cancer death.

Aim: To develop and validate a model using available information at the time of faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) in primary care to improve selection of symptomatic patients for CRC investigations.

Methods: We included all adults (≥ 18 years) referred to Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust between 2018 and 2022 with symptoms of suspected CRC who had a FIT.

Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use and change in alcohol consumption: a systematic review.

Background: Despite the availability of various pharmacological and behavioural interventions, alcohol-related mortality is rising. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the existing literature on the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists use (GLP-1 RAs) and alcohol consumption.

Methods: Electronic searches were conducted on Ovid Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, clintrials.

Safety assessment of deutetrabenazine: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database.

Background: Deutetrabenazine is a widely used drug for the treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD), and post-marketing testing is important. There is a lack of real-world, large-sample safety studies of deutetrabenazine. In this study, a pharmacovigilance analysis of deutetrabenazine was performed based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to evaluate its relevant safety signals for clinical reference.

Evolution of community-associated MRSA: a 20-year genomic and epidemiological study in Region Örebro County, Sweden.

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has been an issue in healthcare since the 1960s. It was initially found only in healthcare facilities, but in the late 1990s it began to be seen with no healthcare connexion. The mechanisms of intercontinental and national spread are not fully understood, as sometimes novel outbreaks occur without any identifiable source or connexion to locally dominant clonal clusters.

Differences in oral microbiota associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus between the Dai and Han populations.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development is closely linked to microbiota, influenced by geography, ethnicity, gender, and age. While the relationship between oral microbiota and T2DM has been explored, specific microbiota associated with T2DM in the Dai and Han populations remains unclear. This study aims to compare oral microbiota differences and identify keystone species between these populations, both with and without T2DM.

Basal metabolic rate correlates with excess postexercise oxygen consumption across different intensities.

Background: Both the basal metabolic rate (BMR) and excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) can be influenced by physical training and are associated with body composition and aerobic capacity. Although a correlation between the two is expected, this relationship has not been explored. Our hypothesis is that a higher BMR is correlated with lower EPOC.

Prevalence and influencing factors of the dyadic psychological stress among patients with lung cancer and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A lung cancer diagnosis has a huge impact on the psychological well-being of both patients and family caregivers. However, the current psychological stress status among dyads remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify the factors that influence patients with lung cancer and their caregivers.

A Core Outcome Set for Adult General ICU Patients.

Objectives: Randomized clinical trials informing clinical practice (e.g., like large, pragmatic, and late-phase trials) should ideally mostly use harmonized outcomes that are important to patients, family members, clinicians, and researchers.

Efficacy of minimally invasive hematoma evacuation in treating traumatic intracranial hematoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of minimally invasive hematoma evacuation for the treatment of traumatic intracranial hematoma (TIH).

Methods: Ninety patients diagnosed with traumatic intracerebral hematoma at Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital from August 2019 to September 2023 were selected as the study subjects. The patients were divided into the craniotomy group (C group, n = 45) and the minimally invasive hematoma evacuation group (MIHE group, n = 45).

Management of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms during the Treatment for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose Of Review: This narrative review aims to report upon the existing treatment evidence and strategies for managing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) during treatment, including transurethral resection and intravesical therapy. This review also attempts to examine novel approaches to mitigate treatment-related lower urinary tract symptoms and improve treatment adherence.

Recent Findings: There is sparse but promising evidence in improving LUTS secondary to intravesical therapy.

Clot signature in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke and concomitant active cancer.

Background And Purpose: Patients with active cancer face an increased risk of ischemic stroke. Also, stroke may be an initial indicator of cancer. In patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke treated with thrombectomy, analysis of the clot composition may contribute new insights into the pathological connections between these two conditions.

Advances in biomaterial-based tissue engineering for peripheral nerve injury repair.

Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical disease. Effective post-injury nerve repair remains a challenge in neurosurgery, and clinical outcomes are often unsatisfactory, resulting in social and economic burden. Particularly, the repair of long-distance nerve defects remains a challenge.

The impact of inflammatory response on psychological status of medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Limited research has been conducted on the relationship between inflammatory markers and psychological status in medical staff fighting COVID-19.

Objective: This article examines the psychological and inflammatory conditions of medical personnel working on the front lines of the battle against COVID-19.

Methods: A total of 102 clinical staff members were included in this study.

Effect of intravenous urokinase vs best medicine treatment on functional outcome for patients with acute minor stroke (TRUST): a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The benefits of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute minor stroke remain controversial. For the aim of providing a better therapeutic strategy, high-quality trials are required to validate the efficacy of thrombolytic medicine other than intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen and tenecteplase. In the trial, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of urokinase (UK) in acute minor stroke.

Vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor for children aged 6-11 years with cystic fibrosis (RIDGELINE Trial VX21-121-105): an analysis from a single-arm, phase 3 trial.

Background: In phase 2 trials in people with cystic fibrosis aged 18 years and older, vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor has been shown to be a safe and effective, once-daily cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator. Restoring normal CFTR function early in life has the potential to prevent manifestations of cystic fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of vanzacaftor-tezacaftor-deutivacaftor in children with cystic fibrosis aged 6-11 years.

The Stockholm early detection of cancer study (STEADY-CAN): rationale, design, data collection, and baseline characteristics for 2.7 million participants.

The Stockholm Early Detection of Cancer Study (STEADY-CAN) cohort was established to investigate strategies for early cancer detection in a population-based context within Stockholm County, the capital region of Sweden. Utilising real-world data to explore cancer-related healthcare patterns and outcomes, the cohort links extensive clinical and laboratory data from both inpatient and outpatient care in the region. The dataset includes demographic information, detailed diagnostic codes, laboratory results, prescribed medications, and healthcare utilisation data.

Age but not vitamin D is related to sarcopenia in vitamin D sufficient male elderly in rural China.

This study aimed to identify the correlation of serum 25(OH)D level with sarcopenia and its components in Chinese elderly aged 65 years and above from rural areas. A total of 368 Chinese elderly aged 65 years and above in rural areas were enrolled. Indicators of muscle mass and strength, including the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), skeletal muscle index (SMI) and hand grip strength (HGS) were measured.

Long-term outcomes of Türkiye's first population-based mammography screening program: a decade of breast cancer detection and survival analysis in Bahçeşehir.

Background: The Bahçeşehir population-based mammography screening program (BMSP) is an example of Türkiye's first population-based screening program. This study aims to reveal the successful implementation of population-based secreening program in one of the low- and middle-income countries, Türkiye and long-term results of patients diagnosed with breast cancer during BMSP.

Methods: This study was conducted between 2009 and 2019, in the Bahçeşehir county of Istanbul.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized pediatric patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: In China many respiratory pathogens stayed low activities amid the COVID-19 pandemic due to strict measures and controls. We here aimed to study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric inpatients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) after the mandatory COVID-19 restrictions were lifted, in comparison to those before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We here included 4,296 pediatric patients with MPP, hospitalized by two medical centers in Jiangsu Province, China, from January 2015 to March 2024.

Group-Based Trajectory Modeling Identifies Distinct Patterns of Sympathetic Hyperactivity Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) occurs with high prevalence among critically ill patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is associated with worse outcomes. The PSH-Assessment Measure (PSH-AM) consists of a Clinical Features Scale and a diagnosis likelihood tool (DLT) intended to quantify the severity of sympathetically mediated symptoms and the likelihood that they are due to PSH, respectively, on a daily basis. Here, we aim to identify and explore the value of dynamic trends in the evolution of sympathetic hyperactivity following acute TBI using elements of the PSH-AM.

Association of cardiometabolic index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among middle-aged and elderly populations.

The Cardiometabolic Index (CMI) is a well-recognized risk factor for a range of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, the population-level characteristics of CMI and its potential association with mortality risk among individuals over 40 years of age have not been investigated. This study aims to assess the association between CMI and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among the middle-aged and elderly population.

Antibiotic prescribing patterns at outpatient clinics in Western and Coastal Kenya.

Antimicrobial resistant pathogens are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with overuse and misuse of antimicrobials being key contributors. We aimed to identify factors associated with antibiotic prescriptions among patients presenting to clinics in Kenya. We performed a retrospective, descriptive cohort study of persons presenting to outpatient clinics in Western and Coastal Kenya, including symptoms, physical exams, clinician assessments, laboratory results and prescriptions.

Understanding the Scale and Nature of Parent/Guardian Telephone Calls to a Tertiary Children's Cardiac Centre: A Service Evaluation.

Heart defects are the second most common congenital anomaly in babies born in the UK and standards state families should have access to a children's cardiac nurse specialist telephone advice service. However, there is little published information to describe the nature of calls and the workload associated with telephone support. We conducted a prospective service evaluation of telephone calls received at one UK specialist children's cardiac surgical center from parents/carers (April-June 2019).

Effects of heparin on venom-induced consumption coagulopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) is a serious complication of snakebites, potentially leading to life-threatening bleeding. Despite efforts to determine effective treatments other than antivenom, such as heparin, the evidence supporting their use remains insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to perform a systematic review, meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) to examine the effects of heparin on VICC.