Using Ethnobotany and Aquaponics to Engage Native Youth in STEM.

Increasing the diversity of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce is more than a noble goal. The richness of ideas and experiences from many cultural perspectives can help to move science forward. To help pave pathways to higher education and STEM careers, we have been working with schools and communities that serve Native American students.

Exploring collaboration models between geneticists and intensivists for implementing rapid genome sequencing in critical care settings.

The availability of rapid genome sequencing (rGS) for children in a critical-care setting is increasing. This study explored the perspectives of geneticists and intensivists on optimal collaboration and division of roles when implementing rGS in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units (ICUs). We conducted an explanatory mixed methods study involving a survey embedded within an interview with 13 genetics and intensive care providers.

Plasma Retinol Concentrations and Dietary Intakes of Mother-Infant Sets in Singleton versus Twin Pregnancy.

Vitamin A (retinol) is essential for normal fetal development, but the recommendation for maternal dietary intake (Retinol Activity Equivalent, RAE) does not differ for singleton vs. twin pregnancy, despite the limited evaluation of retinol status. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate plasma retinol concentrations and deficiency status in mother-infant sets from singleton vs.

Information Available to Parents Seeking Education about Infant Play, Milestones, and Development from Popular Sources.

Parents commonly seek information about infant development and play, yet it is unclear what information parents find when looking in popular sources. Play, Milestone, and Development Searches in Google identified 313 sources for content analysis by trained researchers using a standardized coding scheme. Sources included websites, books, and apps created by professional organizations, commercial entities, individuals, the popular press, and government organizations/agencies.

An Evaluation of Ethnicity-Matching for Caregiver Telehealth Training in India.

Telehealth has become an increasingly viable service delivery option for function-based treatment of problem behavior (Lindgren et al., 2016). However, few applications have occurred with participants outside the United States and little research exists evaluating the role that culture plays in service delivery.

A comparison of fixed and repetitive models to teach object imitation to children with autism.

A well-established imitative repertoire can facilitate the acquisition of functional communication, social behaviors, and observational learning. Although early intensive behavioral intervention programs for young children with autism incorporate imitation training, learners with autism may exhibit difficulties in acquiring an imitative repertoire. Few studies have evaluated the types of models responsible for acquisition when teaching imitation to children with autism.

Benefits of maternally-administered infant massage for mothers of hospitalized preterm infants: a scoping review.

Objectives: Infant massage (IM) is a well-studied, safe intervention known to benefit infants born preterm. Less is known about the benefits of maternally-administrated infant massage for mothers of preterm infants who often experience increased rates of anxiety and depression in their infants' first year of life. This scoping review summarizes the extent, nature, and type of evidence linking IM and parent-centered outcomes.

START-Play Physical Therapy Intervention Indirectly Impacts Cognition Through Changes in Early Motor-Based Problem-Solving Skills.

Purpose: This study tested whether the Sitting Together and Reaching to Play (START-Play) physical therapy intervention indirectly impacts cognition through changes in perceptual-motor skills in infants with motor delays.

Methods: Participants were 50 infants with motor delays randomly assigned to START-Play plus Usual Care Early Intervention (UC-EI) or UC-EI only. Infants' perceptual-motor and cognitive skills were assessed at baseline and 1.

Communicating Native American Cancer Efforts and Resources in the Great Plains.

American Indians' cancer disparities vary by region, signifying the importance of understanding community-specific levels of readiness to address cancer. Twenty-four key respondents from an urban American Indian community in the Great Plains, community leaders ( = 8), educators ( = 8), and students ( = 8), were interviewed following the Community Readiness Model. Using framework analysis, we qualitatively examined data related to efforts and resources in interview transcripts.

Operant ABA renewal during dense and lean schedules of differential reinforcement.

Renewal is a type of relapse that occurs due to a change in context. Previous research has demonstrated that renewal of target responding may occur despite the availability of differential reinforcement for an alternative response (DRA). Nevertheless, the current literature on renewal presents mixed findings regarding the effects of dense and lean schedules of DRA on the magnitude of renewal.

Altered bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and amygdala responses to threat in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) significantly impacts many veterans. Although PTSD has been linked to alterations in the fear brain network, the disorder likely involves alterations in both the fear and anxiety networks. Fear involves responses to imminent, predictable threat and is driven by the amygdala, whereas anxiety involves responses to potential, unpredictable threat and engages the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST).

Unlocking learner potential: A course director's experience building an Educational Escape Room for Cancer Risk Assessment.

Using a traditional lecture format alone often limits students' opportunities to engage with and apply the concepts taught in a classroom. This report describes the design, curricular implementation, and application of an innovative educational escape room as an active learning tool for genetic counselor educators to teach cancer risk assessment skills. A Cancer Risk Assessment Escape Room is a novel way to offer experiential learning and to assess a learner's critical thinking and ability to apply cancer risk assessment models to evolving clinical scenarios.

Perceived social support: A study of genetic counseling graduate students in the United States (US) and Canada.

Social support is described as having positive psychological and physical outcomes and offers some protective benefits against mental illness. However, research has not addressed social support for genetic counseling graduate students, although this population is prone to elevated levels of stress in addition to field-specific phenomena like compassion fatigue and burnout. Therefore, an online survey was distributed to genetic counseling students in accredited programs in the United States and Canada to synthesize information about (1) demographic information, (2) self-identified sources of support, and (3) the availability of a strong support network.

Functional analysis of problem behavior: A 40-year review.

Extensive reviews of functional analysis literature were conducted 10 (Beavers et al., 2013) and 20 (Hanley et al., 2003) years ago; we expanded this review to capture the vast and innovative functional analysis research that has occurred over the past decade.

Alterations in BNST Intrinsic Functional Connectivity in Early Abstinence from Alcohol Use Disorder.

Aims: Maintaining abstinence from alcohol use disorder (AUD) is extremely challenging, partially due to increased symptoms of anxiety and stress that trigger relapse. Rodent models of AUD have identified that the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) contributes to symptoms of anxiety-like behavior and drug-seeking during abstinence. In humans, however, the BNST's role in abstinence remains poorly understood.

Retinol and Pro-Vitamin A Carotenoid Nutritional Status during Pregnancy Is Associated with Newborn Hearing Screen Results.

The prenatal period is critical for auditory development; thus, prenatal influences on auditory development may significantly impact long-term hearing ability. While previous studies identified a protective effect of carotenoids on adult hearing, the impact of these nutrients on hearing outcomes in neonates is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal and umbilical cord plasma retinol and carotenoid concentrations and abnormal newborn hearing screen (NHS) results.

Patient with Mosaic Turner Syndrome and a Derivative X Chromosome with a Variant Triple X Diagnosis in Fetus: A Case Report.

Although Turner syndrome is most often sporadic, multigenerational recurrence has been reported more often in the offspring of women with mosaic or variant forms of Turner syndrome. We present a case in which natural conception in a woman with identified 45,X/46,XX mosaicism resulted in a fetus with a gain of a derivative X chromosome. The unexpected fetal finding prompted further cytogenetic evaluation of the patient and subsequent identification of an additional cell line with the same derivative X chromosome, not observed in the initial study.

Supporting Children's Communication of Choices During Inpatient Rehabilitation: Effects of a Mobile Training for Health Care Providers.

Purpose: Children with complex medical and communication needs often experience extensive or frequent hospital stays and rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) strategies to communicate in this environment. Health care providers seldom receive training to effectively communicate with these children, which may lead to limited participation opportunities for the child during inpatient interactions.

Method: A pretest-posttest experimental group design was completed to evaluate the effects of a brief mobile training designed to teach providers a procedure to support children with complex communication needs to communicate choices.

Developing and Delivering Behavioral Interventions Through Telehealth.

This special issue on telehealth in features 10 studies related to developing and delivering behavioral interventions through telehealth. The studies in this issue cover a variety of topics including using telehealth to train caregivers, training clinicians to use telehealth, and directly implementing interventions or assessments through telehealth. The special issue concludes with a comprehensive literature review examining variables that impact the effectiveness of telehealth as a service-delivery tool.

Toward an explicit technology of ecological validity.

Ecological validity refers to how closely an experiment aligns with real-world phenomena. In applied behavioral research, ecological validity may guide decisions about experimental settings, stimuli, people, and other design features. However, inconsistent use of the term ecological validity in the published literature has led to a somewhat disjointed technology.

Extensive characterization of a Williams Syndrome murine model shows -mediated rescue of select sensorimotor tasks, but no effect on enhanced social behavior.

Williams Syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder exhibiting cognitive and behavioral abnormalities, including increased social motivation, risk of anxiety and specific phobias along with perturbed motor function. Williams Syndrome is caused by a microdeletion of 26-28 genes on chromosome 7, including , which encodes a transcription factor suggested to play a role in the behavioral profile of Williams Syndrome. Duplications of the full region also lead to frequent autism diagnosis, social phobias, and language delay.

Volume of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder: mega-analytic results from 37 samples in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group.

There is limited convergence in neuroimaging investigations into volumes of subcortical brain regions in social anxiety disorder (SAD). The inconsistent findings may arise from variations in methodological approaches across studies, including sample selection based on age and clinical characteristics. The ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group initiated a global mega-analysis to determine whether differences in subcortical volumes can be detected in adults and adolescents with SAD relative to healthy controls.

Effects of Tier 1 Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT) on On-task Group Behavior in a Preschool Classroom.

Disruptive behaviors such as elopement, calling-out, and aggression are often a major barrier to instruction in preschool classrooms. One widely used class-wide behavior management system is Class-Wide Function-Related Intervention Teams (CW-FIT). To date, we could only locate two studies on CW-FIT used in preschool settings which found a therapeutic change in on-task behavior as well rates of teacher praise, teacher reprimands, student socials skills, and student problem behaviors.