[Case study on health risk assessment based on site-specific conceptual model].

Site investigation was carried out on an area to be redeveloped as a subway station, which is right downstream of the groundwater of a former chemical plant. The results indicate the subsurface soil and groundwater in the area are both polluted heavily by 1,2-dichloroethane, which was caused by the chemical plant upstream with the highest concentration was 104.08 mg.

[Simulation on remediation of benzene contaminated groundwater by air sparging].

Air sparging (AS) is one of the in situ remedial technologies which are used in groundwater remediation for pollutions with volatile organic compounds (VOCs). At present, the field design of air sparging system was mainly based on experience due to the lack of field data. In order to obtain rational design parameters, the TMVOC module in the Petrasim software package, combined with field test results on a coking plant in Beijing, is used to optimize the design parameters and simulate the remediation process.

[Preliminary study concerning emissions of the volatile organic compounds from cooking oils].

Cooking oil fume is one of the important sources of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are the key precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols in air. In this study, the production of cooking oil fume was simulated by heating typical pure vegetable oils (peanut oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, olive oil and blend oil) at different temperatures in beakers to investigate the VOCs emission characteristics. The emitted VOCs were sampled with a Tenax adsorption tube and analyzed using GC-MS after thermal desorption.

[Case study on groundwater health risk assessment and remediation strategy based on exposure pathway].

The carcinogenic risk originated from benzene in contaminated groundwater of a large-scale coke plant in Beijing was analyzed and assessed for different land use zones according to the site redevelopment plan. The results revealed that indoor vapor inhalation was the key exposure pathway for all the three zones. The carcinogenic risk in zone A as commercial area was 6.

[Energy consumption and GDP growth in Beijing: cointegration and causality analysis].

In this paper, the Johansen cointegration technique and the vector error correction model (VECM) were used to examine the causal relationship between energy consumption (LEC) and gross domestic product (LGDP) for Beijing during the period of 1980 to 2008. Results indicated that LEC and LGDP for Beijing were related by one cointegrating vector and there was a long-run unidirectional causal relationship from GDP to energy consumption. The long-term and short-term elasticity from economy to energy consumption were 0.

[Uncertainty analysis for evaluating methane emissions from municipal solid waste landfill in Beijing].

In order to improve the accurate evaluation of CH4 emissions from municipal solid waste landfill in Beijing, FOD-model and Monte Carlo method were conducted. Based on local data, national data and experts' experience, the uncertainty of FOD-model and parameters' sensitivity analysis were identified. And we quantified effect of various parameters on model output.

[Effect of nucleation modes on the induced crystallization process for copper contained wastewater treatment].

The effect of nucleation modes on the induced crystallization process for copper contained wastewater treatment was studied. Tests were undertaken to observe the difference of copper removal efficiency and the crystal growth with homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation. When the influent copper concentration was 50 mg x L(-1), copper removal efficiency could achieve 98.

[Mass size distributions and existing forms of sulfate and nitrate and atmospheric environment in Beijing].

In order to understand the formations and the concentrations of the secondary sulfate and nitrate of PM10 in Beijing. From May 2008 to April 2009, MOUDI has been used to collect the PM10 samples in Beijing atmospheric environment and the ion chromatography has been used to analyze the inorganic water-soluble components of the PM10 samples. The results showed that the mass size distributions of soluble sulfate and nitrate of PM10 in Beijing were single-mode distribution and the peak rang was from 0.

[Self-assembled gold nanoparticles modified electrode for electrochemical detection nitrite].

A modified sensor was fabricated by N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl]-ethylene diamine (TSPED) and colloidal gold particles (AuNPs) on glass carbon electrode (GCE). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated that the colloidal gold particles were self-assembled onto the amine groups of the sol-gel. Due to the excellent electrocatalytic activity of gold nanoparticles toward the oxidation of nitrite and the interaction between the protonated TSPED film and the negatively-charged nitrite, the operating potential for nitrite oxidation was shifted about 140 mV to negative side, compared to bare GCE.

[Progress in research of urban greenhouse gas emission inventory].

Urban areas carry main responsibility for consuming massive energy sources and make great contribution to global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. City and local governments are seen to have a key role in climate mitigation. Hence,one of the important work concerns accounting for city greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, because it plays significant role in setting reduction targets and evaluating success of local measures.

[Single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal reactor with self-generated granular sludge for treating sludge dewatering effluent].

Single-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal (SANR) has been observed in a long-term operated nitrosation air-lift reactor for treating digested sludge dewatering effluent from sewage wastewater treatment plant. A kind of so called self-generated granular sludge which undertake the SANR reaction has oriented formed. The performance of SANR reactor cultivated above sludge for treating sludge dewatering effluent has been tested and better results have been reached.

[Establishment and application of four-dimensional fluxes emission factor model for construction fugitive dust].

We established a four-dimensional fluxes mathematics model and a suit of relevant monitoring project that can calculate construction fugitive dust emission according to actual field monitoring data, this mathematics model is similar to exposure profiling method recommended by U.S. EPA.

[Methodology of the anaerobic reactor SD model's construction].

On the basis of system dynamic, we summed up 3 different patterns between variables, and put forward the theory of partitional modeling. We divided the model of anaerobic reactor into 3 blocks, and confirmed the system structural graphic. According to the character and advantage of partitional modeling, we construct the SD model of anaerobic reactor which is fed by glucose, and used a different calculation way for different blocks.

[Uniform model and experimental method of anaerobic inhibition dynamics using table function].

To figure out the problem, such as disunity of existent form in the model of traditional inhibition dynamic, and difficulty to obtain the parameters, we adopt the way of table function to formulate inhibition kinetics. Through indraught the way of table function to improve on the way of experiment in dynamic mensuration, DYNAMO software was used to process the data and simulate the inhibition phenomena of 2,4 dinitrophenol. The result shows that the table function is possible to simulate the inhibition phenomena.

[Spatial dispersion laws of fugitive dust from construction sites].

Dust fall was selected as a monitored index of fugitive dust from construction sites. The vertical dispersion law of fugitive dust was studied nearby construction site's boundary by monitoring the concentration variation of dust fall at different heights from 1.5 meters to 4.

[Characteristics of fugitive dust pollution in different construction phases].

More than forty construction sites were selected as experimental fields in urban districts and near suburbs of Beijing. Fugitive dust from construction sites was monitored by dust fall. The characteristics of fugitive dust pollution in different construction phases were studied.

[Correlation between dust fall and TSP from construction sites].

This paper studied the correlation between dust fall and TSP from construction sites in Beijing by statistically analyzing a large number of field measurement data. The results show that there are better linear correlations between dust fall and TSP from construction fugitive dust, and the correlation between dust fall and TSP at construction sites' boundary can be expressed by the function: c(TSP) = 11.6 x c(DF).

[Research on the health risk assessment of chemical pollutants in reclaimed water used for streets watering].

It is the first time for this research to utilize the method of health risk assessment. Combining with Beijing reclaimed water project, the exposure dose level and health risk to contact people are investigated and studied. The risk assessment model is built, and the exposure parameters of occupational workers and common people are provided, when reclaimed water was used for streets watering.

[A new discovery of anaerobic sludge granular with big aera minerals core].

A anaerobic sludge granular containing mineral core with a diameter of 1mm was discovered in lab scale expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor operated only with glucose as substrate. By SEM, the granular was a core packed by compact bacterium, in which minerals distribute equally and there are caves caused by biological self-degradation. By energy spectrum and X-ray, the core is composed of Ca5 (PO4 x CO3)3 (OH).

[Study on the guideline for groundwater recharge with reclaimed water].

Groundwater recharge with reclaimed water is the most beneficial way to extend reuse applications, and has the vast development foreground. In this paper, the domestic and international applications and guidelines for groundwater recharge with reclaimed water were summarized. Based on the quality of reclaimed water and the conditions of hydrological geology, the reclaimed water quality criteria for groundwater recharge was suggested including 22 basic controlling items and 52 selective controlling items, and the control technology was presented.

[Study on bio-contact oxidation A/O process of Guanting Reservior water under low temperature].

The results of the experiments showed that biological contact A/O process could run steadily under low temperature and had better removal effect for ammonia nitrogen and had some removal effect for COD and TN from water of Guanting Reservoir. When the temperature dropped greatly, removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen dropped evidently, but gradually rose and remained at high removal level at last. Under the conditions of the experiment that the temperature was 0-5 degrees C and influent ammonia nitrogen was about 10 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen removal rate remained more than 95% at last.

[Analysis of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in kitchen and determination of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene of cooks].

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in the air of kitchen were determined using HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector during the period of frying and cooking. About 40% of the benzo(a)pyrene were in the air and most of the benzo(a)pyrene were gathered on the smaller particles (less than 10 microns). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene from 21 cooks was determined, its mean value was 0.

[Study of the effects of air pollution on human health in Beijing].

3000 habitants from different polluted areas of Beijing were examined for their states of health in both the summer and the winter in 1989, and 7000 questionnaires were filled. Meanwhile, the data of air pollution surveillance during 1980 and 1988 were collected and analysed. The air pollutants in the areas have been identified.

Experiments on the effects of several factors on the 1-hydroxypyrene level in human urine as an indicator of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

The concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene in human urine was determined in six volunteers who lived under the same conditions. Samples were collected four times per day for three consecutive days; the maximum concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene was found in the samples collected late in the evening (21:00-23:00 h) which is the time recommended as suitable for determination of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene for the purpose of evaluating human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Statistical tests show that the influence of sex, age, and smoking on urinary 1-hydroxypyrene is statistically insignificant.

[The study of calculation method of a health index for assessing the health effects of environmental pollution].

The calculation method of a health index for assessing the health effects of environmental pollution is reported. The practice of using this method to assessing health effects of environmental pollution demonstrates the method is reasonable. In the case of assessing the health effects without the normal value of indication the health index is special useful.