Identification of the early intermediates formed in ozonolysis of -2-butene and limonene: a theoretical and matrix isolation study.

This study combined quantum chemical calculations and the matrix isolation technique to identify the formation of primary intermediates from the ozonolysis of -2-butene and limonene. Quantum chemical calculations were conducted under the framework of density functional theory (DFT) at M06-2x/6-311+(d, p) level of theory to predict the possible mechanism as well as the new absorption bands. New bands whose intensity increased with annealing, were observed in twin jet deposition, which indicated the formation of primary ozonides, CI and secondary ozonides in the investigated systems.

Emission factors, ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potential of volatile organic compounds emitted from industrial biomass boilers.

To evaluate the potential benefits of biomass use for air pollution control, this paper identified and quantified the emissions of major reactive organic compounds anticipated from biomass-fired industrial boilers. Wood pellets (WP) and straw pellets (SP) were burned to determine the volatile organic compound emission profiles for each biomass-boiler combination. More than 100 types of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured from the two biomass boilers.

Preparation of Zeolite X by the Aluminum Residue From Coal Fly Ash for the Adsorption of Volatile Organic Compounds.

In China, coal fly ash is a large-scale solid waste generated by power plants. The high value utilization of coal fly ash has always been a hot research issue in China for these years. In this paper, the synthesis of zeolite X using aluminum residue from coal fly ash can not only realize the resource utilization of waste, but also achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

Comparison of PM emission rates and source profiles for traditional Chinese cooking styles.

The number of restaurants is increasing rapidly in recent years, especially in urban cities with dense populations. Particulate matter emitted from commercial and residential cooking is a significant contributor to both indoor and outdoor aerosols. The PM emission rates and source profiles are impacted by many factors (cooking method, food type, oil type, fuel type, additives, cooking styles, cooking temperature, source surface area, pan, and ventilation) discussed in previous studies.

[Establishment of VOCs Emissions Factor and Emissions Inventory from Using of Architectural Coatings in China].

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)are important air pollutants in China, and control of their emission is an important subject of air pollution prevention and control.Architectural coatings play a significant role as sources of atmospheric VOCs in China.Due to recent economic development and increase in the levels of urbanization, the building of residences and other buildings is ongoing all the time, which results in increasing demand for architectural coatings and the VOCs pollution caused by painting operations.

[Methods and Application of Road Fugitive Dust Emission Factor Localization].

Size distribution and emission factors are the basic information used in emission characteristic studies and emission inventory establishment. The silt loadings of typical roads in the Tongzhou district of Beijing were sampled and tested. A particulate matter resuspension and measurement system and a particle size spectrometer were used to measure the size distribution and particle size multiplier of the fugitive road dust in this study.

[Variation in Pollutant Concentrations and Correlation Analysis with the Vegetation Index in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei].

Based on 2017 hourly air quality monitoring data, NDVI 16 d synthetic data, and socio-economic data, the air pollution characteristics of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei were systematically analyzed, and its variation, normalized vegetation index, and the relationship between the index (NDVI) and its impact on socio-economic factors, were analyzed by linear regression analysis and a geographically weighted regression model. The conclusions are as follows:①The overall air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is characterized by high-level pollution over the southern plain areas and low-level pollution over the northern mountainous areas. The air pollution increases from north to south, and shows significant spatial heterogeneity.

Contamination, Sources, and Health Risks Associated with Soil PAHs in Rebuilt Land from a Coking Plant, Beijing, China.

This study investigated the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution in the reconstructed land of an abandoned industrial site: a coking plant in Beijing. To meet the needs of urban development, many factories have had to be relocated from city centers, and abandoned industrial sites often need to be transformed into residential land or urban green space through a series of restoration measures. It is necessary to study the level of residual pollutants and potential risks associated with industrial reconstructed land.

Determination of acid dissociation constants and reaction kinetics of dimethylamine-based PPCPs with O, NaClO, ClO and KMnO.

Dimethylamine-based pharmaceutical personal care products (DMA-based PPCPs) are a group of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) precursors. The acid dissociation constant (pKa) values of four DMA-based PPCPs were determined by potentiometric titration over the pH range of 3-11. The pKa values of ranitidine, nizatidine, doxylamine and carbinoxamine corresponding to the DMA moiety were 8.

Anthropogenic impacts in the Changbai Mountain region of NE China over the last 150 years: geochemical records of peat and altitude effects.

Geochemical records from peatlands are important tools for the interpretation of environmental signals preserved in the peat and the understanding anthropogenic impacts on remote mountain regions. In this paper, six Pb-dated peat cores located at 500-1900 m above sea level (asl) in the Changbai Mountains were used to reconstruct the pollution history over the past 150 years in northeastern (NE) China. The cores physicochemical parameters and 10 key chemical elements were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).

A source depletion model for vapor intrusion involving the influence of building characteristics.

If volatile organic compound (VOC)-contaminated soil exists underneath a building, vapors may migrate upwards and intrude into the interior air of the building. Most previous models used to simulate vapor intrusion (VI) were developed by assuming that the source was constant, although a few recent models, such as the Risk-Based Corrective Action (RBCA) Tool Kit (TK) model, have been developed to consider source depletion (SD). However, the RBCA TK model ignores the effects of building characteristics due to its assumption that the ground is not covered by the actual building it models, which leads to incorrect results since the presence of the building affects the SD.

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins in soil, sediment, and seawater in the intertidal zone of Shandong Peninsula, China: Distribution and composition.

Short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) are components of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) with high persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and toxicity, and SCCPs have been listed on Stockholm Convention as persistent organic pollutants. In this work, we investigated the distribution and homologue group patterns of SCCPs in the intertidal zone of the Shandong Peninsula, which is surrounded by the Bohai Sea (BS) and Yellow Sea (YS). Total SCCP concentrations (ΣSCCPs) in the samples from the sites along the coast of BS were 64.

Performance of mature compost to control gaseous emissions in kitchen waste composting.

This study investigated the performance of mature compost to mitigate gaseous emissions during kitchen waste composting. Cornstalk was mixed with kitchen waste at a ratio of 3:17 (wet weight) as the bulking agent. Mature compost (10% of raw composting materials on the wet weight basis) was mixed into or covered on the composting pile.

Use of mature compost as filter media and the effect of packing depth on hydrogen sulfide removal from composting exhaust gases by biofiltration.

A study was conducted to investigate the utilization of mature compost as a biofilter medium for the removal of hydrogen sulfide (HS) from the exhaust gases of the composting process. Source-selected kitchen waste from municipal solid waste was composted in a reactor, and the exhaust gas was passed through a biofilter packed with a 1:4 (wet weight) mixture of mature compost and sand. Two treatments were applied under sterilized and unsterilized conditions to quantify the contribution of microbial activity.

Applicability of Soil Concentration for VOC-Contaminated Site Assessments Explored Using Field Data from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration.

A total of 128 available soil-soil gas data pairs of benzene were collected from 5 contaminated sites in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. Soil gas concentrations predicted by the linear model and the dual equilibrium desorption (DED) model were compared with measured values. Although the immersion of soil samples in methanol during sampling and preservation was specified to minimize volatilization losses and biodegradation, the study still found that many points with high soil gas concentrations correspond to unreasonably low soil concentrations.

Geographical detection of groundwater pollution vulnerability and hazard in karst areas of Guangxi Province, China.

Groundwater pollution is a critical concern in karst areas. This study used the PLEIK (P: protective cover; L: land use; E: epikarst development; I: infiltration conditions; K: karst development) method to assess the vulnerability of groundwater pollution in Guangxi Province, which is the largest karst area in China. The pollution sources and attenuation consist of groundwater pollution hazards.

Long-term biodegradation of aged saline-alkali oily sludge with the addition of bulking agents and microbial agents.

Huge amount of aged oily sludge was generated during the drilling and transportation of crude oil. Sometimes, the sludge exhibited characters of combined pollution, such as saline-alkali oily sludge. Orthogonal experiments of L(4) were conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration, microbial agents (Oil Gator and ZL) and bulking agents (peat and wheat bran) on the biodegradation of aged saline-alkali oily sludge.

Nitrogen removal of anaerobically digested swine wastewater by pilot-scale tidal flow constructed wetland based on in-situ biological regeneration of zeolite.

Dispersed swine wastewater has increasingly aggravated water pollution in China. Anaerobically digested dispersed swine wastewater was targeted and treated by a pilot-scale zoning tidal flow constructed wetland (TFCW) with a bottom wastewater saturation layer. The long-term application of in-situ biological regeneration of biozeolite, nitrogen removal performance, nitrogen removal pathways and microbial community of TFCW were investigated.

Pollution Level and Health Risk Assessment of PM-Bound Metals in Baoding City Before and After the Heating Period.

In order to assess the pollution levels and health risks of PM-bound metals in Baoding City before and after the heating period, samples were collected in 2016 at Hebei University from September 25th to November 14th during the non-heating period, and November 15th to December 26th during the heating period, respectively. ICP-MS was applied to analyze seven heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd and Fe). The statistical analysis, enrichment factor (EF), pollution load index method, and Risk Assessment Method proposed by U.

[Content Levels and Compositions Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) Emission from Architectural Coatings Based on Actual Measurement].

The content levels and composition characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from architectural coatings including interior wall coatings, exterior wall coatings, waterproofing coatings, anticorrosive coatings and floor coatings were investigated in this study. Architectural coating samples were obtained from manufacturers and retail outlets and the associated VOC contents and compositions were determined based on the domestic standard methods for measurement of VOCs in architectural coatings.The results showed that the VOC contents were 0-145 g·L and 0-171 g·L for interior and exterior wall coatings respectively.

[Research and Application of the Technical Method for the Compilation of VOCs Emission Inventories from Architectural Coatings in Beijing].

VOCs(volatile organic compounds) are important precursors of ozone and secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere, which increase atmospheric oxidation, creating pollutants such as photochemical smog, fine particulate matter and so on. This study documented information about architectural coating VOC emission characteristics to facilitate formulation of control strategies by environmental management departments. This research was based on measured data for architectural wall and waterproof coatings to identify localized emission factors, used industry research to compile additional information, and was combined with the Beijing completed building inventory, to develop a compilation method for VOC emissions from architectural coatings.

Estimating the eco-toxicological risk of estrogens in China's rivers using a high-resolution contaminant fate model.

The contamination of freshwater systems arises in many river basins due to industrialization and population growth, posing risks to ecosystems and human health. Despite these concerns, the fate and potential impact of many emerging pollutants are currently unknown, especially when the compounds are released into surface waters from populations distributed across large spatial scales. In order to address this shortcoming, a spatially-explicit contaminant fate model was developed as an extension of the global, vector-based river routing model HydroROUT.

[Emission Characteristics of Wind-Eroded Dust from Concrete Batching Plants in Beijing].

Concrete batching plants are a typical source of fugitive dust in Beijing. In this study, two concrete batching plants in Beijing were used to test wind erosion of dust with a Portable In-suit Wind Erosion Laboratory (PI-SWERL) designed by the Desert Research Institute (DRI). Sand and aggregate storage piles and paved roads in concrete batching plants were tested to determine the emission characteristics of wind eroded dust.

Characteristics of PM Chemical Compositions and Their Effect on Atmospheric Visibility in Urban Beijing, China during the Heating Season.

Beijing, which is the capital of China, suffers from severe Fine Particles (PM) pollution during the heating season. In order to take measures to control the PM pollution and improve the atmospheric environmental quality, daily PM samples were collected at an urban site from 15 November to 31 December 2016, characteristics of PM chemical compositions and their effect on atmospheric visibility were analyzed. It was found that the daily average mass concentrations of PM ranged from 7.

Short-chain chlorinated paraffin (SCCP) pollution from a CP production plant in China: Dispersion, congener patterns and health risk assessment.

China is the largest chlorinated paraffin (CP) producer in the world. Given that CP production is a major source of short-chain CP (SCCP) pollution in China, the effects of CP production on the environment inside and outside of CP production plants are worth revealing. The concentrations and specific congener group patterns of SCCPs in various environmental matrices, such as air, soil and dust, inside and outside of a chosen CP production plant surrounded by farmlands and villages were analyzed to explore SCCP pollution and transportation behaviors.