[Sensitivity of Primary Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines to the Mumps Virus Vaccine Strain].

The sensitivity of human glioblastoma cells to virus-mediated oncolysis was investigated on five patient-derived cell lines. Primary glioblastoma cells (Gbl13n, Gbl16n, Gbl17n, Gbl25n, and Gbl27n) were infected with tenfold serial dilutions of the Leningrad-3 strain of the mumps virus, and virus reproduction and cytotoxicity were monitored for 96-120 h. Immortalized human non-tumor NKE cells were used as controls to determine the virus specificity.

Evidence on trends in uptake of childhood vaccines and association with COVID-19 vaccination rates.

Importance: Childhood vaccination rates have declined in recent years; there is also concern that resistance to COVID-19 vaccines could spill over to childhood vaccines.

Objectives: To use local-level data to study trends in childhood vaccination rates and heterogeneity in local rates; including how many areas are below herd-immunity thresholds, and assess the association between COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and childhood vaccination.

Design: We report, for 11 states with available data, vaccination rates for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), and diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines, including percentage of schools/counties with rates ≥95 %, 90-95 %, 80-90 %, and < 80 %.

Alveolar macrophages are early targets of mumps virus.

Formerly a common childhood pathogen, mumps virus (MuV) remains active worldwide, despite relatively high vaccine coverage. MuV is thought to infect the upper respiratory tract before disseminating to other organs; however, the early cellular targets of MuV in vivo are unknown. To address this, we generated a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged vaccine strain (JL5) of MuV to infect leukocytic cell lines and found that replication was greatest in monocytes.

Measles, mumps and rubella vaccination coverage in capitals and interior region municipalities of Northeast Brazil: a household survey in a cohort of children born in 2017 and 2018.

Objective: To analyze measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination coverage among children up to 24 months old and factors associated with non-vaccination in a 2017-2018 live birth cohort, in state capitals and large interior region cities in Northeast Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey analyzing vaccination coverage and sociodemographic factors through logistic regression.

Results: For 12,137 children, vaccination coverage was 79.

[Successes and challenges in achieving and sustaining the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome in the Americas, 2013-2023Conquistas e desafios para alcançar e manter a eliminação do sarampo, da rubéola e da síndrome da rubéola congênita na Região das Américas, 2013-2023].

Objetivo: To document the historical facts and the challenges faced in the Region of the Americas in achieving and sustaining measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) elimination between 2013 and 2023.

Method: Special report with a narrative description of the main achievements, challenges, and lessons learned during the period, and an analysis of vaccination coverage, surveillance indicators, and measles outbreaks using data from the Pan American Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund, among others.

Results: Between 2003 and 2016, regional vaccination coverage with the first dose of the measles, rubella, and mumps vaccine was between 92% and 94%; after 2017 there was a marked decline due to lower coverage levels in the most populous countries.

Monitoring measles infections using flight passenger dynamics in Europe: A data-driven approach.

This paper presents an open-access repository collecting information on measles virus infections and flight passenger movements in European countries from 2011 to 2023. It provides a comprehensive overview of reported measles cases and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage from authoritative organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). In addition, the dataset includes detailed data on passenger movements between countries, facilitating analysis of cross-border disease transmission.

Scrutinizing the COVID-19 vaccine safety debate.

The controversy surrounding the safety of coronavirus disease-19 vaccinations is part of a larger historical backdrop of ongoing discussions regarding vaccine safety that have spanned several decades. The historical disputes around measles, mumps, rubella, and influenza highlight the recurring pattern in which public doubt is fueled by false information and personal stories. A 2024 multinational study in the journal presented preexisting safety indicators for myocarditis, pericarditis, Guillain - Barré syndrome, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Live-attenuated vaccines for multiple sclerosis patients living in regions with endemic infections: A complex decision.

Live-attenuated vaccines provide robust immunity against diseases like tuberculosis, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, yellow fever, dengue, typhoid fever, and varicella, with just one or a few doses. However, concerns arise regarding potential pathogen reversion to virulence, which is particularly risky for immunocompromised individuals, contraindicating their administration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients under modified disease treatments due to the possibility of triggering infections, or stimulating the immune system, precipitating new exacerbations. On the contrary, these vaccines offer enduring immunity that is crucial for protecting MS patients from endemic infectious diseases, leading to severe complications if contracted.

[Risk factors and control measures in measles outbreaks in countries of the Region of the Americas, 2017-2023Fatores de risco e medidas de controle em surtos de sarampo em países da Região das Américas, 2017-2023].

Objective: To document and compare risk factors and control measures for the largest measles outbreaks in the post-elimination era in the Region of the Americas.

Methods: Description of risk factors such as vaccination coverage, notification rate of suspected cases, measles incidence, and a summary of control measures for major measles outbreaks in six countries from 2017 to 2023. The analysis also includes a review of outbreak characteristics (time, place, and person).

[Microplanning as a tool to strengthen the National Immunization Program in BrazilLa microplanificación como herramienta para fortalecer el Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones en Brasil].

Objective: To measure the variation in number of doses, vaccination coverage (VC) of administered vaccines, and number of municipalities that achieved the VC target in Brazil with the implementation of microplanning for high-quality vaccination activities (HQVA) and decentralized multivaccination actions.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study used data from the National Live Birth Information System, the National Immunization Program Information System, and the National Health Data Network. The number of doses of hepatitis A (HA), meningococcal conjugate-C, oral poliomyelitis, 10-valent pneumococcal, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP), and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines administered to children under 2 years of age in 2022 (pre-microplanning) and 2023 (post-microplanning) was estimated.

[Impact of the new intervention model to increase vaccination coverage in Paraguay, 2023Impacto de um novo modelo de ação para aumentar as coberturas vacinais no Paraguai, 2023].

Objective: To describe the impact of the new intervention model implemented by Paraguay across five districts of the Central Region in the last quarter of 2023, consisting of an integrated health services-based strategy to recover coverage with the tracer vaccine (pentavalent until April 2023, hexavalent thereafter) in children under 1 year of age; and the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine for the 1-year-old population.

Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study with comparative analysis before (epidemiological weeks [EW] 1 and 34 of 2023) and after (EW35 and EW52 of 2023) the intervention. Three indicators were assessed: a) coverage with all three doses of pentavalent or hexavalent vaccine and first and second doses of MMR; b) productivity, represented by third doses of pentavalent or hexavalent vaccine administered; and c) dropout rates for the pentavalent or hexavalent and MMR vaccines.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles-Mumps-Rubella in China's Mainland during 2014-2021.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) between 2014 and 2021 and identify potential strategies and measures for the prevention and control of MMR in China.

Methods: Data on MMR was obtained from China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting System for the period from 2014 to 2021. Spatiotemporal distributions were analyzed using SaTScan; temporal trends were analyzed using JoinPoint; and clusters were visualized using ArcGIS.

Inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination in England, 2019-23: longitudinal study.

Objective: To quantify changes in inequalities in uptake of childhood vaccination during a period of steadily declining overall childhood vaccination rates in England.

Design: Longitudinal study.

Setting: General practice data for five vaccines administered to children (first and second doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR1 and MMR2, respectively), rotavirus vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) booster, and six-in-one (DTaP/IPV/Hib/HepB) vaccine covering diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, type b, and hepatitis B) from the Cover of Vaccination Uptake Evaluated Rapidly dataset in England.

Live Attenuated Vaccine Administration in Children Treated With Methotrexate or Dupilumab.

Background And Objectives: A wholesale recommendation against use of live virus vaccines in patients treated with any medication classified as an immunosuppressant has been based on global theoretical concerns rather than clinical outcomes for specific drugs.

Methods: A retrospective search of electronic medical records identified patients seen by the Allergy and/or Dermatology services between 2017 and 2023 at a pediatric tertiary center who received a live attenuated vaccine during the 6 week interval prior to the first prescription for methotrexate or dupilumab until 6 weeks after the last prescription for either medication. Individual charts of identified patients were manually reviewed for evidence of adverse events.

Mumps in Poland in 2022.

Background: Mumps, also known as Sudden parotitis, is a viral disease whose main source of infection is the sick/infected person. It posed a serious public health threat in Poland before the introduction of mandatory vaccination. In 2003, Poland introduced the Immunization Program, which included a two-dose vaccination against mumps as part of the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine for all children.

Chickenpox in Poland in 2022.

Introduction: Chickenpox is an infectious disease caused by the Varicella-zoster virus, usually affecting children. It is characterized by a rash with rapid seeding of small red papules. The course of the disease is mild, but in people with weakened immunity it may be severe.

Multiplexed Detection, Partitioning, and Persistence of Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Viruses in Wastewater.

Wastewater surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases may provide early warning of outbreaks and identify areas to target for immunization. To advance wastewater monitoring of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, we developed and validated a multiplexed RT-ddPCR assay for the detection of their RNA. Because the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is an attenuated live virus vaccine, we also developed an assay that distinguishes between wild-type and vaccine strains of measles in wastewater and validated it using a wastewater sample collected from a facility with an active measles outbreak.

The trend in national childhood immunization program coverage throughout Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija from 2003 to 2022: pre-COVID-19 period vs. COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The childhood immunization coverage in Serbian communities in Kosovo after the 1999 armed conflict has not been investigated. The study purpose was to evaluate the trend of immunization coverage with vaccines from the national childhood immunization program in Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija from 2003 to 2022.

Methods: Data were retrieved from the annual reports of the Public Health Institute of Kosovska Mitrovica received through notifications from the primary health centers where vaccines are being administered.

Enablers to high vaccination uptake among a disadvantaged minority population: a qualitative study of the Arab population of Israel.

Background: Over 1.9 million Arabs live in Israel and constitute 21% of the total population. Despite being a disadvantaged minority population with wide gaps in health indicators, Arabs have higher Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination rates compared with the general Jewish population.

Assessment of mumps virus-specific antibodies: Comparison of three different enzyme immunoassays and neutralization test.

Introduction: We evaluated the application of a newly improved enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit, Mumps IgG Seiken®, by comparing antibody responses to different EIA kits, and neutralization tests (NTs), using clinical samples.

Methods: Serum samples were collected before and 4-6 weeks after vaccination from 128 children who had no history of mumps or mumps vaccination. Using three different EIA kits, Mumps IgG Seiken®, a commercial kit from Enzygnost®, and an in-house kit, mumps-specific IgG antibodies were measured.