Distribution of non-thyroid neck swellings and their clinicopathological correlation.

Background: Neck swellings are frequently found and can present the vast pathological spectrum from simple benign to highly malignant, which sometimes can pose a diagnostic dilemma. They are broadly classified as developmental, inflammatory, and neoplastic on the basis of etiology. The aim of the study is to assess the distribution of neck swelling according to etiology and its relation to age groups, as well as to assess their clinicopathological correlation as benign and malignant.

Fully Covered Self-expandable Metallic Stents for Refractory Benign Pancreatic Duct Strictures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Endoscopic treatment of refractory pancreatic duct (PD) strictures includes the placement of multiple plastic stents. Recent studies have shown the benefit of fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS). This systematic review analyzes the efficacy and safety of FCSEMS in PD strictures.

Health-related quality of life and its association with disease activity/functional status in rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study from South India.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with chronic pain that gradually becomes incapacitating and negatively influences the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study estimates HRQoL in RA using the EuroQol five dimensions (EQ-5D) tool and its association with functional status and disease activity.

Methods: RA patients (n = 320) aged above 18 years, visiting outpatient clinic at a tertiary care multispecialty hospital in south India were the study participants.

Ewing sarcoma among children 5 years of age or younger: Is it a different disease?

Introduction: Children ≤5 years of age with Ewing's sarcoma (ES) possibly have a distinct disease biology, data on which are scarce. We evaluated clinical features, outcomes, and prognostic factors of ES among children with age ≤5 years.

Methods: Children with ES registered between 2003 and 2019 were included.

Field Effectiveness of a Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine: The 2018 Navi Mumbai Pediatric TCV Campaign.

Typbar-TCV®, a typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV), was prequalified by the World Health Organization in 2017. We evaluated its effectiveness in a mass vaccination program targeting children 9 months to 14 years in Navi Mumbai, India, from September 2018 to July 2020. We compared laboratory-confirmed typhoid cases from six clinical sites with age-matched community controls.

Factors Affecting Survival in Severe and Very Severe COPD after Admission in ICUs of Tertiary Care Centers of India (FAST COPD): Study Protocol for a Multicentric Cohort Study.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, there is a lack of comprehensive data from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) regarding factors influencing COPD outcomes, particularly in regions where biomass exposure is prevalent.

Objective: The Factors Affecting Survival in Severe and Very Severe COPD Patients Admitted to Tertiary Centers of India (FAST) study aims to address this gap by evaluating factors impacting survival and exacerbation rates among COPD patients in LMICs like India, with a specific focus on biomass exposure, clinical phenotypes, and nutritional status in patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

An Unusual Presentation of Multiple Sclerotic Bone Lesions in Unicentric Castleman's Disease.

Castleman's disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disease that usually presents as a solitary mass in the mediastinal or cervical region. Castleman's disease can be usually of two types: unicentric type (which involves only one site of lymph nodes) and multicentric type (which involves multiple sites of lymph nodes). We report the case of a 26-year-old female with multiple sclerotic bone lesions in unicentric Castleman's disease.

Unveiling Silent Consequences: Impact of Pulmonary Tuberculosis on Lung Health and Functional Wellbeing after Treatment.

: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health issue in India, with high incidence and mortality. The current literature on post-TB sequelae functional defects focuses heavily on spirometry, with conflicting obstruction vs. restriction data, lacks advanced statistical analysis, and has insufficient data on diffusion limitation and functional impairment.

A multi-center study of the MicroNET-covered stent in consecutive patients with acute carotid-related stroke: SAFEGUARD-STROKE.

Introduction: Acute carotid-related stroke (CRS), with its large thrombo-embolic load and large volume of affected brain tissue, poses significant management challenges. First generation (single-layer) carotid stents fail to insulate the athero-thrombotic material; thus they are often non-optimized (increasing thrombosis risk), yet their use is associated with a significant (20-30%) risk of new cerebral embolism.

Aim: To evaluate, in a multi-center multi-specialty investigator-initiated study, outcomes of the MicroNET-covered (cell area ≈ 0.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes: Emerging evidence of benefit of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists and incretin-based therapies.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global epidemic, affecting more than half of the people living with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The relationship between NAFLD and T2D is bidirectional and the presence of one perpetuates the other, which significantly increases the hepatic as well as extrahepatic complications. Until recently, there was no approved pharmacological treatment for NAFLD/ nonalcoholic steatohepatitits (NASH).

Low-dose tenecteplase during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in massive pulmonary embolism.

We report the case of an 18-year-old male who presented to the Emergency Department with sudden onset dyspnea. The patient was intubated on arrival, but suffered a cardiac arrest soon after. Point-of-care echocardiography during cardiopulmonary resuscitation revealed a grossly dilated right atrium and right ventricle, which alerted the Emergency physician to the possibility of massive pulmonary embolism leading to cardiac arrest.

Efficacy and Safety of BP02 (Trastuzumab Biosimilar) in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Phase III Study.

Background And Objective: Trastuzumab targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) receptors and is indicated for treating HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. BP02, a recombinant IgG1 kappa humanized monoclonal antibody, is being developed as a trastuzumab biosimilar. The objective of this study was to evaluate the equivalence of BP02 with reference trastuzumab (RT: Herceptin-EU) in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

Post-operative vomiting after pediatric strabismus surgery: A comparison of propofol versus sevoflurane anaesthesia.

Background And Aims: Squint surgery is a risk factor for postoperative vomiting (POV) in children. This study was designed to compare the incidence of POV in children undergoing strabismus surgery under balanced anesthesia with sevoflurane versus intravenous anesthesia with propofol.

Material And Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study conducted in a tertiary care ophthalmology hospital, 70 ASA I-II children aged 1-12 years undergoing strabismus surgery were randomized to two groups -Group S (sevoflurane-based anesthesia) and Group P (propofol-based anesthesia) for maintenance.

Characteristics and Outcomes of 7620 Multiple Sclerosis Patients Admitted With COVID-19 in the United States.

Background: At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, several experts raised concerns about its impact on Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. This study aims to provide a perspective using the biggest inpatient database from the United States.

Method: We screened for COVID-19 cases between April to December 2020, via the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS).

Mutations in Helicobacter pylori infected patients with chronic gastritis, intestinal type of gastric cancer and familial gastric cancer.

Background: Development of sequential changes of mucous leading to gastric cancer and familial cases of gastric cancer of intestinal type is widely connected with Helicobacter pylori infections. In this study we analysed variants of genes involved in cancerogenesis and inflammatory processes of intestines in patients infected with H.pylori.

Quality Improvement in an Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit Through Pain Assessment and Control.

The aim of the study is to determine whether the assessment of postoperative pain and timely measures to control it improve the quality of medical care in intensive care units (ICUs). To develop an improvement model with a focus on pain assessment and control. 151 patients were included in the study, divided into two groups: a retrospective group (RG)-60 patients and a prospective group (PG)-91 patients.

Dilated Cardiomyopathy as a Rare Presentation of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Case Report.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare post-infectious complication associated with COVID-19. This case report presents a detailed account of a paediatric patient diagnosed with MIS-C who developed dilated cardiomyopathy as a significant complication. This report aims to enhance our understanding of the rare potential cardiovascular implications of MIS-C and highlights the importance of prompt recognition and management.

Real-world utilization pattern of dydrogesterone in 7287 Indian women with obstetric and gynecological conditions: data from multicentric, retrospective study.

Objective: Despite the literature on dydrogesterone, studies on dydrogesterone utilization patterns are largely lacking in Indian patients.

Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective, observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study across 817 centers in India. Data of patients who received dydrogesterone in past and provided consent for future use of their medical record for research purpose was were retrieved and analyzed.

Safety and Efficacy of Golimumab in Indian Patients with Active Spondyloarthritis of Ankylosing Spondylitis or Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multicenter, Noncomparative, Open-Label, Real-World Study.

Background: The safety and efficacy of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor therapy for most common rheumatological diseases, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in controlled clinical trials is well-studied. This study evaluated subcutaneous (SC) golimumab in Indian patients with active spondyloarthritis (SpA) of AS or PsA in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: This phase 4, multicenter, prospective, non-comparative, interventional, 24-week study was performed in patients (age ≥18 years) with active SpA of AS or PsA (NCT03733925).

Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of real-world evidence.

Background And Aims: Oral semaglutide has undergone global Phase 3 development programs named PIONEER and approved for therapeutic use in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aim to systematically review the efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide in real-world settings.

Methods: We systematically searched the electronic databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.

Effectiveness of Rabeprazole and Other Proton Pump Inhibitors in Managing GERD with Varying Severity: A Retrospective, Real-world EMR-based Study (POWER GERD Study).

: To evaluate the effectiveness of rabeprazole and other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in providing symptomatic relief in patients with varying severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). : In this multicenter retrospective study, electronic medical records (EMRs) of GERD patients prescribed with PPIs at two Indian clinics/hospitals were reviewed (2016-2020). Rabeprazole's effectiveness was assessed at different follow-up visits and compared with other PPIs.