8,699 results match your criteria: "Multiple System Atrophy"

The Houge type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSHG) encompasses a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability (ID), language/speech delay, attention issues, and epilepsy. These conditions arise from hemizygous or heterozygous deletions, along with point mutations, affecting CNKSR2, a gene located at Xp22.12.

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Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a major atypical parkinsonism. Because diagnosis based on the cardinal clinical features is often difficult, misdiagnosis with Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) is common in PSP patients. Iron metabolism genes are reportedly involved in tau-accumulating neuronal cell death and ferroptosis in PSP, which is more severe than PD and MSA.

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Probing the diagnostic values of plasma cf-nDNA and cf-mtDNA for Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.

Front Neurosci

December 2024

Department of Clinical Biobank and Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background: Cell loss and mitochondrial dysfunction are key pathological features of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). It remains unclear whether disease-specific changes in plasma circulating cell-free nuclear DNA (cf-nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) occur in patients with PD and MSA. In this study, we investigated whether plasma cf-nDNA, cf-mtDNA levels, as well as cf-mtDNA integrity, are altered in patients with PD and MSA.

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Historically, microglial activation has been associated with diseases of a neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory nature. Some, like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple system atrophy, have been explored extensively, while others pertaining to metabolism not so much. However, emerging evidence points to hypothalamic inflammation mediated by microglia as a driver of metabolic dysregulations, particularly insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Serum neurofilament light chain as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in multiple system atrophy: a prospective cohort study.

J Neurol

December 2024

Department of Neurology, Neurobiology and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.

Background: Neurofilament light chain (NFL) in blood has been identified as a valuable biomarker in multiple system atrophy (MSA), but data regarding its utility in the early diagnosis and prognosis of MSA remain limited.

Objective: To investigate serum NFL's diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with MSA in a prospective clinical cohort.

Methods: Two hundred twenty-eight participants were enrolled, including ninety-eight with MSA, seventeen with uncertain MSA at inclusion, fifty-nine with Parkinson's disease (PD), and fifty-four healthy controls (HCs).

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 Diagnosing movement disorders can be challenging owing to their similar clinical presentations with other neurodegenerative and basal ganglia disorders, like idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD), essential tremors (ET), vascular parkinsonism, multiple system atrophy (MSA), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Technetium-99m labeled tropane derivative (99mTc-TRODAT-1) imaging can help in diagnosing Parkinson's disease at an early stage to help early initiation of the treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate the role of 99mTc-TRODAT-1 imaging in differentiating IPD and Parkinson-plus syndromes (PPS).

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The Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle Sign: A Novel Imaging Marker for Differentiating Multiple System Atrophy Cerebellar Type from Spinocerebellar Ataxia.

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

December 2024

From the Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science (C.Y.L., Y.S., B.S., M.S., S.T.K., E.Y.K.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Digital Health (S.H.), Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Medical AI Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine (S.H.), Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology (J.Y.), Neuroscience Center (J.Y.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Background And Purpose: The hot cross bun (HCB) sign is a hallmark feature of multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C), typically observed in advanced stages of the disease; however, it can also present in other conditions such as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), making the differentiation challenging. The middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) sign may be observed in various medical conditions and in healthy individuals. We hypothesized that the inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP), known to be affected in MSA-C, may exhibit hyperintensity on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging, potentially aiding in differentiating MSA-C from SCA.

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Drugs able to efficiently counteract the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) are still an unmet need. Numerous preclinical evidence indicates that reactive oxygen-generating enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO), expressed by neutrophils and microglia, might play a key role in neurodegenerative disorders. Then, the MPO inhibition has been evaluated in clinical trials in Parkinson's and multiple system atrophy patients, and a clinical trial for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is underway.

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From onset to advancement: the temporal spectrum of α-synuclein in synucleinopathies.

Ageing Res Rev

December 2024

Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand; Brain and Mind Centre & Faculty of Medicine and Health School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia. Electronic address:

This review provides an in-depth analysis of the complex role of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) in the development of α-synucleinopathies, with a particular focus on its structural diversity and the resulting clinical variability. The ability of α-Syn to form different strains or polymorphs and undergo various post-translational modifications significantly contributes to the wide range of symptoms observed in disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), as well as in lesser-known non-classical α-synucleinopathies. The interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental factors further complicates α-synucleinopathic disease pathogenesis, influencing the disease-specific onset and progression.

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Background: It is well known that myelin disruption and neuroinflammation are early and distinct pathological hallmarks in multiple system atrophy (MSA) as well as in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and in other atypical Parkinsonian syndromes. The objective of this study was to assess the value of non-neuronal biomarker candidates that reflect myelin disruption and neuroinflammation.

Methods: Myelin basic protein (MBP) and the soluble form of TREM2 were quantified in a comprehensive movement disorder cohort from two different neurological centers, comprising a total of 171 CSF samples.

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How to distinguish spinocerebellar ataxia 27B from late onset cerebellar ataxia: insights from a case-control study.

J Neurol

December 2024

Neurology Department University Hospital of Toulouse, Clinical Investigation Center CIC 1436, Parkinson Expert Centre, NeuroToul Center of Excellence in Neurodegeneration (COEN) of Toulouse, CHU of Toulouse, Inserm, University of Toulouse 3, Toulouse, France.

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia 27B is the most common genetic late onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA). However, it commonly overlaps with other genetic LOCA as with the cerebellar form of multiple system atrophy (MSA-C).

Objectives: To pinpoint which clinical signs and symptoms best discriminate between FGF14 + from FGF14 - patients at symptoms' onset.

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In clinical specialties focusing on neurological disorders, there is a need for comprehensive and integrated non-invasive, sensitive, and specific testing methods. Both Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy are classified as α-synucleinopathies, characterized by abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein protein, which provides a shared pathological background for their comparative study. In addition, both Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy involve neuronal death, a process that may release circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) into the bloodstream, leading to specific alterations.

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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by an accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-αsyn) in oligodendrocytes in the form of glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). In MSA, not only mature oligodendrocytes but also oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are affected. The latter play an important role in remyelination by differentiating into mature oligodendrocytes, as well as maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by promoting the expression of tight junction proteins.

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Decreased urinary excretion of norepinephrine and dopamine in autonomic synucleinopathies.

Clin Auton Res

December 2024

Autonomic Medicine Section (AMS), Clinical Neurosciences Program (CNP), Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 10 Center Drive MSC-1620, Building 10 Room 8N260, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1620, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • Autonomic synucleinopathies like Parkinson's disease (PD), pure autonomic failure (PAF), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are characterized by autonomic failure and the abnormal buildup of alpha-synuclein protein in the body. !* -
  • Research showed that patients with these conditions had significantly lower urinary excretion rates of norepinephrine and dopamine compared to controls, suggesting a potential dysfunction in their renal sympathetic function. !* -
  • The study analyzed urine samples from participants at the NIH over nearly three decades and found no significant differences in DOPA and epinephrine levels among the groups, indicating that only norepinephrine and dopamine were impacted by these diseases. !*
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Treatment advances of sepsis‑induced myopathy (Review).

Biomed Rep

February 2025

Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China.

Sepsis-induced myopathy (SIM) is a muscle disease caused by multiple pathological and physiological mechanisms associated with sepsis. The pathogenesis of SIM is extremely complex and still unclear, making treatment challenging. At present, clinical treatment includes early functional exercise, respiratory muscle strength training, regulation of nutritional structure and functional electrical stimulation.

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We describe a case of Parkinsonian-type multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) treated with Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT-LOUD; LSVT Global, Inc., Phoenix, AZ, USA). At age 73, the patient developed motor symptoms, including gait disturbances with a tendency to fall, as well as swallowing difficulties and impaired dexterity in his right hand, prompting a visit to our hospital.

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Neurodegeneration is a seminal feature of many neurological disorders. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is caused by repetitive head impacts (RHI) and is characterized by sulcal tau pathology. However, quantitative assessments of regional neurodegeneration in CTE have not been described.

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A-synuclein prion strains differentially adapt after passage in mice.

PLoS Pathog

December 2024

Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Prion Research Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America.

In patients with synucleinopathies, the protein α-synuclein misfolds into multiple conformations, each of which determines whether a patient develops multiple system atrophy (MSA) or one of three Lewy body diseases (LBDs). However, patients may also first present with pure autonomic failure, which strictly impacts autonomic nerves in the periphery, which can then phenoconvert into MSA or a LBD. When neuroinvasion happens, it remains unknown if strain properties are retained or if strain adaptation occurs, even though neuroinvasion of some prion protein (PrP) strains is known to result in the emergence of novel PrP strain variants.

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A lipid nanoparticle-based oligodendrocyte-specific mRNA therapy.

Mol Ther Nucleic Acids

December 2024

Department of Therapeutics for Multiple System Atrophy, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Despite the wide range of applications of mRNA therapies, major difficulties exist in the efficient delivery of mRNA into oligodendrocytes, a type of glial cell in the brain. Commonly used viral vectors are not efficient in transforming oligodendrocytes. In this study, we introduced mRNAs into oligodendrocytes with high efficiency and specificity using LUNAR lipid nanoparticles.

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Autonomic function is an integral part of the assessment of neurological disorders. However, pragmatically, it is often the most neglected part of neurological examination and is often limited to testing for orthostatic hypotension. Testing the autonomic nervous system may aid in the early diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders, thereby enabling the initiation of neuroprotective strategies and resulting in improved quality of life in this group of patients.

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Combined quantitative analysis of the nigro-striata system in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson's disease.

J Neurol Sci

November 2024

Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan; Department of Clinical Research Education, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. Electronic address:

Degeneration of the nigrostriatal system occurs in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Parkinson's disease (PD) via distinct pathological mechanisms. Here, we investigated nigrostriatal degeneration in MSA and PD by combining a newly developed method for evaluating the regional accumulation of dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT SPECT) and individual voxel-based morphometry adjusting covariates (iVAC). We recruited 17 MSA patients and 13 PD patients, and compared their clinical and imaging indices.

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Spatial discrimination in patients with MSA, PSP, DIP, and VP with pain.

Sci Rep

December 2024

Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 7, Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-do, 18450, Republic of Korea.

Article Synopsis
  • * A study involving 79 patients revealed high percentages of pain in MSA (73.9%), PSP (50.0%), DIP (67.9%), and VP (66.7%), but found no significant differences in sensory discrimination thresholds (SDT) between those with and without pain.
  • * The research concluded that the scaling function did not play a significant role in the development of pain among the different parkinsonian disorders studied.
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Introduction: We aims to explore the relationship between the glymphatic function and cognitive function in patients with T2DM and whether this relationship is modulated by gray matter (GM) integrity.

Methods: In total, 65 patients with T2DM and 65 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. All participants underwent evaluation using a comprehensive cognitive assessment scale.

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