Melatonin induces drought stress tolerance by regulating the physiological mechanisms, antioxidant enzymes, and leaf structural modifications in L.

Melatonin is considered an effective bio-stimulant that is crucial in managing several abiotic stresses including drought. However, its potential mechanisms against drought stress in fragrant roses are not well understood. Here, we aim to investigate the role of melatonin on plants cultivated under drought stress (40 % field capacity) and normal irrigation (80 % field capacity).

Recent Perspectives on Anticancer Potential of Coumarin Against Different Human Malignancies: An Updated Review.

Coumarins, a group of naturally occurring compounds, have been reported to demonstrate anticancer potential. These substances, distinguished by their combined benzene and α-pyrone rings, have been demonstrated to impact multiple cellular mechanisms essential for the initiation and advancement of cancer. These agents work in different ways that prevent different tumor cells from growing, spreading, and increasing.

Enhancing the Resilience of Agroecosystems Through Improved Rhizosphere Processes: A Strategic Review.

As farming practices evolve and climate conditions shift, achieving sustainable food production for a growing global population requires innovative strategies to optimize environmentally friendly practices and minimize ecological impacts. Agroecosystems, which integrate agricultural practices with the surrounding environment, play a vital role in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring food security. Rhizosphere management has emerged as a pivotal approach to enhancing crop yields, reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers, and supporting sustainable agriculture.

Viscosol Treatment Ameliorates Insulin-Mediated Regulation of Dyslipidemia, Hepatic Steatosis, and Lipid Metabolism by Targeting PTP1B in Type-2 Diabetic Mice Model.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a metabolic disorder, has the hallmarks of persistent hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) was found to be overexpressed in many tissues in the case of T2DM and involved in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. So, PTP1B inhibition can act as a therapeutic target for T2DM.

Developing Iron and Iodine Enrichment in Tomato Fruits to Meet Human Nutritional Needs.

Iron (Fe) and iodine (I) are essential microelements required for a healthy life, with Fe playing a vibrant role in oxygen transport, and I is vital for cognitive development and thyroid function. Global Fe and I deficiencies affect a significant portion of the population worldwide, leading to widespread health concerns, especially anemia, impaired cognitive function, and thyroid disorders. This review not only inspects the potential of agronomic biofortification to enrich Fe and I content in tomatoes, but also highlights its bright future for crop nutrition.

Synergistic Effect of Biochar, Phosphate Fertilizer, and Phosphorous Solubilizing Bacteria for Mitigating Cadmium (Cd) Stress and Improving Maize Growth in Cd-Contaminated Soil.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination threatens human health and plant growth due to its accumulation in edible parts. The sole application of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), biochar (BC), and phosphorus (P) effectively mitigates Cd's adverse effects in contaminated agricultural systems. However, further investigation into their combined impacts on Cd toxicity and maize () production is essential.

Screening of musculoskeletal disorders and levels of depression in transgender people of Multan.

Objective: To perceive transgender health issues by evaluating their susceptibility to musculoskeletal problems and depression.

Methods: The cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted from January to April 2023at the Government Girls Comprehensive Higher Secondary School, Multan, Pakistan, a school for transgenders, and comprised subjects aged 18-40 years. Body mass index was calculated for each subject, and further data was collected using the Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Numeric Pain Rating Scale.

On the health effects of curcumin and its derivatives.

Turmeric () is an herbaceous plant that contains a phytochemical which is bright yellow and is known as curcumin. Turmeric, a member of Zingiberaceae family, has extensive application worldwide due to its beneficial medicinal attributes and is extensively used as a medicinal plant. Most people use turmeric as a spice, and it is a chief source of polyphenol curcumin.

Water Deprivation and Sowing Times Alter Plant-Pollination Interactions and Seed Yield in Sunflower, L. (Asteraceae).

Climate change effects, including temperature extremes and water stress, cause abiotic stress in plants. These changes directly affect flowering and the flower reward system for pollinators, influencing plant-pollinator interactions and ultimately seed production in flowering plants. Here, we tested the effects of water deprivation on the behavior of various pollinator species, plant-pollinator interactions, and the seed yield of sunflower, L.

Antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory potential of Moringa seed and Moringa seed oil: A comprehensive approach.

a widely recognized plant more commonly known as moringa, has obtained significant research interest in recent years due to its prospective physiological advantages, including its claimed ability to counteract carcinogenesis. The moringa plant has been found to possess bioactive components that exhibit promising anticancer activities against different human cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. The cytotoxic properties of moringa seed extracts on cancerous cells have also been provided in this paper along with other notable health benefits.

Biological Mechanisms of Aflatoxin B-Induced Bile Metabolism Abnormalities in Ducklings.

This study investigated the effects and biological mechanisms of aflatoxin B (AFB) on the health and bile metabolism of ducklings. Forty-eight 1-day-old ducklings were randomly assigned to two groups, with six replicates per group. The control group was fed a basic diet, while the AFB group received a diet containing 90 µg/kg of AFB.

Gene pyramiding improved cell membrane stability under heat stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.).

Climate change has been drastically affecting cotton not only in Pakistan but also all over the world. Normally cotton is known as heat tolerant when compared with other crops, but if the high temperature occurs during flowering period the yield decreases significantly. Marker assisted gene pyramiding provides a sustainable solution to improve heat tolerance.

Use of as a Soybean Meal Substitute: A Step towards Sustainable Transformative Poultry Feeds.

Insects are becoming increasingly popular as a sustainable and nutritious alternative protein source in poultry feeds, due to their high protein content, low environmental impact, and efficient feed conversion rates. Using insect-based feeds can reduce the need for traditional protein sources like soybean meal (SBM), which often contribute to environmental issues such as deforestation and high water consumption. The current experiments were devised to assess the impacts of the partial replacement of SBM with the American cockroach and black soldier fly on the performances, hematology, gut morphometry, and meat quality of male broilers (Ross 308).

Effects of Different Photoperiods during Incubation on Post-Hatch Broiler Performance and Stress Response.

This study evaluated the subsequent effect of photoperiods during incubation on post-hatch growth and stress response of commercial broiler chickens. A total of 875 Ross 308 broiler breeder (48 weeks of age) eggs were hatched using different durations (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h a day) of dichromatic light [green and red (495 to 750 nm); 2700 K; 250 lux; SUNJIE; China] throughout the whole period of incubation. A total of 50 0-day-old hatched straight run broiler chicks from each photoperiod during incubation were used to evaluate subsequent growth performance (feed intake, body weight, and feed conversion ratio); stress parameters (physical asymmetry, tonic immobility, and vocalization,); welfare traits (feather score and gait score); carcass traits (live weight, dressed weight, carcass yield, liver weight, gizzard weight, heart weight, abdominal fat weight, breast weight, and leg weight); and serum chemistry (globulin, total protein, cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid).

Combined simulation on pesticides fate, toxicities and ecological risk in rice paddies for Sustainable Development Goals achievements.

In order to assess the risk of pesticides to aquatic ecosystems, five single-dose pesticides including chlorpyrifos, pymetrozine, dinotefuran, azoxystrobin, and acetochlor that are frequently used in developing countries, were selected. Based on the principle of conservative risk assessment, application amounts for different dosage forms were recommended, the Top-Rice model and risk quotient method were used to evaluate the aquatic ecological risk of the aforementioned single-dose pesticide products. The results showed that predicted peak environmental concentration ranges after application on rice were 110.

Potassium and zinc improves physiological performance, nutrient use efficiency, and productivity of wheat.

Despite the critical role of balanced nutrition in crop productivity, the use of potash (K) and zinc (Zn) is not much practiced by Pakistani farmers. The reduced nutrient uptake and crop productivity together increase the costs associated with fertilization and revisit farmers' confidence in the efficacy and profitability of fertilizers. To address this problem, a field study was conducted in the research area of the MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, in collaboration with Engro Fertilizers Limited.

Supplemental Sodium Nitroprusside and Spermidine Regulate Water Balance and Chlorophyll Pigments to Improve Sunflower Yield under Terminal Drought.

Drought is an inevitable environmental stress that drastically hampers the growth, productivity, and quality of food crops. Exogenous sodium nitroprusside and spermidine have decisive functions in the growth enhancement of plants; nevertheless, their specific role in mediating stress responses to improve drought tolerance in sunflowers at the reproductive stage (terminal drought) remains largely unknown. In the present study, we explored the positive effects of sodium nitroprusside and spermidine on physiological responses to increase in sunflower yield during periods of terminal drought.

Resveratrol and (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Regulate Lipid Metabolism by Activating the AMPK Pathway in Hepatocytes.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Res and EGCG on cell growth, cellular antioxidant levels, and cellular lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. In this experiment, leghorn male hepatoma (LMH) cells were used as hepatocytes. The results showed that 6.

The Effects of Aflatoxin B on Liver Cholestasis and Its Nutritional Regulation in Ducks.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aflatoxin B (AFB) on cholestasis in duck liver and its nutritional regulation. Three hundred sixty 1-day-old ducks were randomly divided into six groups and fed for 4 weeks. The control group was fed a basic diet, while the experimental group diet contained 90 μg/kg of AFB.