Howell-Jolly Body-Like Neutrophil Inclusions Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND In several studies, the presence of Howell-Jolly body-like inclusions within neutrophils has been observed in cases of HIV infection, SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-transplant immunosuppression, and during chemotherapy or antiviral therapy. The phenomenon of neutrophils exhibiting Howell-Jolly body-like inclusions on peripheral blood smears can be attributable to viral infections or the pharmacological effects of medications. CASE REPORT A 14-year-old male patient who had received a diagnosis of lymphoblastic leukemia a year ago underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and was readmitted due to a recurrence of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Mucormycosis after liver transplant: Case series and literature review.

We describe two cases of possible healthcare-associated mucormycosis in liver transplant recipients. Mucorales may be acquired from environmental sources such as contaminated medical equipment, grafts or procedure related. Gastrointestinal mucormycosis is the second most common presentation in healthcare-associated infections.

Role of myeloid-derived suppressor and Th17/Treg cells in post-COVID-19 Rhino-Orbital mucormycosis cases.

Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) cases increased sharply in India during the second COVID-19 wave. Due to uncontrolled hyperglycemia, prolonged steroid use, and high ferritin levels, the immune system was dysregulated throughout this surge. Our study examined post-COVID-19 ROCM patients' T regulatory cell (Treg), T helper 17 cell (Th17) and Myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC) levels before and after three months of treatment.

Narrative review of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in Middle Eastern countries and the need to vaccinate against preventable diseases.

This review evaluated the frequency of, and outcomes associated with, bacterial, fungal, and viral coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in Middle Eastern countries via a PubMed search through February 2023. Ninety articles reported bacterial (n = 57), fungal (n = 32), and viral (n = 32) coinfections. High frequencies of coinfection with COVID-19 were identified, with rates and outcomes varying by setting, pathogen, surveillance/detection method, population characteristics, and drug-resistance status.

Combined antifungal therapy with immunostimulation for refractory cutaneous and peritoneal mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus.

Mucormycosis is a fungal infection typically affecting immunocompromised patients. Here, we report a severe case of invasive cutaneous and peritoneal mucormycosis caused by Rhizopus microsporus, successfully treated with a combination of antifungal therapy, PD-1 inhibitor, and interferon-gamma. We highlight the importance of personalized immunotherapy in refractory cases of invasive mucormycosis.

Comprehensive Management of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis Post-COVID-19: A Case Report.

Post-COVID-19 mucormycosis, particularly the rhino-orbital-cerebral form, can be life-threatening. This case highlights the importance of maintaining high clinical suspicion, especially in patients with recent COVID-19 history. Prompt diagnosis, aggressive surgical debridement, and antifungal therapy are crucial for successful management, even in patients without traditional risk factors.

A case report of successful treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis caused by Cunninghamella bertholletiae infection in a patient with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma.

Mucormycosis caused by is a rare opportunistic infection in patients with hematological malignancies (HM), with high mortality rates. Herein, we first report a case of pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) with in a 25-year-old male recently diagnosed with T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). The diagnosis was established through chest computed tomography (CT), metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as histopathological examination.

Post debridement - Mental health and body image satisfaction among mucormycosis patients: Concern beyond surgical debridement.

A sudden surge in the cases of mucormycosis forced India's coronavirus disease 2019 task force to issue evidence-based advisory on the disease. Severity was seen as comparatively high among diabetic and immuno-compromised individuals. Surgical procedures leading to scars of incision and disfigurement of the face might trigger dissatisfaction with body image and poor mental health.

Albumin orchestrates a natural host defense mechanism against mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis is an emerging, life-threatening human infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Metabolic disorders uniquely predispose an ever-expanding group of patients to mucormycosis via poorly understood mechanisms. Therefore, it is highly likely that uncharacterized host metabolic effectors confer protective immunity against mucormycosis.

Custom Ocular Prosthesis With Intraoral Obturator for Orbital and Intraoral Defects Resulting From Mucormycosis: A Technical Case Report.

Orbital defects can result from a myriad of underlying diseases and injuries. Treatment of malignant neoplasms and maxillofacial trauma are common reasons for orbital exenteration. Recently, a growing number of cases of orbital defects have been reported due to mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19.

MUCORMYCOSIS: Re-emerging opportunistic fungal infections in COVID-19 pandemic times in Indian patients (South Indian) - A series of seven cases.

Opportunistic fungal infections are associated with patients having compromised systemic health. In India, a slow rise in cases of mucormycosis has been observed as the country has seen a rising number of diabetes mellitus cases in the recent decades. This apart, an enormous increase in case numbers was seen in association with COVID-19 infections in the Asian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, markedly in India.

Fatal Tracheal and Bronchial Destruction Due to Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a 20-Year-Old with Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Pulmonary mucormycosis is a rare and aggressive invasive fungal infection that predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, such as those with diabetes mellitus or those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. This case describes a severe instance of pulmonary mucormycosis resulting in progressive tracheal wall destruction in a young, previously healthy male. A 20-year-old male with a denied history of diabetes mellitus was admitted to a local hospital with abdominal pain for 9 days and diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

CT imaging findings of invasive pulmonary fungal infections in hemato-oncologic children.

Hemato-oncologic children form a heterogeneous group with a wide spectrum of ages, malignancy types, and immunosuppression grades during the different phases of their treatment. Immunosuppression is caused by multiple factors, including the malignancy itself, bone marrow suppression secondary to therapy, and wide use of steroids and antibiotics, among others. At the same time, the risk of infections in these patients remains high because of prolonged hospitalizations or the need for long-timing implanted devices between other features.

Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Presenting As Orbital Apex Syndrome With Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Rare Phenomenon.

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is an opportunistic infection that has increased due to COVID-19 with the use of corticosteroids and diabetes being the most important predisposing factors. Orbital apex syndrome with central retinal artery occlusion secondary to mucormycosis is relatively rare. This case report highlights a case of a 62-year-old female with poorly controlled diabetes and a history of COVID-19 two weeks prior, who presented with acute right eye painful visual loss for three days associated with bulging of the right eye and drooping of the eyelid.

An Update on Fungal Disease Outbreaks of Public Health Concern.

For this narrative review, we describe recent high-profile and severe outbreaks of emerging fungal infections, emphasizing lessons learned and opportunities to improve future prevention and response efforts. Several themes and challenges remain consistent across a diverse array of fungal outbreaks, including the multidisciplinary need for improved diagnostic testing to determine species and perform antifungal susceptibility testing, clinical awareness, and optimization of antifungal use. Recent outbreaks exemplify the growing promise of non-culture-based tools in identifying fungal outbreaks and improving responses, although access remains limited.

Updates in Mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis is an aggressive and frequently lethal disease. Most patients with mucormycosis have poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and rhino-orbito-cerebral disease. Patients with hematologic malignancy and transplant recipients mostly present with rhino-orbito-cerebral or pulmonary disease.

A Case of Post-COVID Mucormycosis in a Diabetic Patient in Pakistan.

Mucormycosis is a rare but potentially fatal angioinvasive fungal infection, caused by filamentous molds of the order Mucorales, which primarily affects immunocompromised individuals and is characterized by high mortality rates. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common risk factor for mucormycosis. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of cases significantly increased.