What Should a Psychiatrist Know About Genetics? Review and Recommendations From the Residency Education Committee of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics.

The International Society of Psychiatric Genetics (ISPG) created a Residency Education Committee with the purpose of identifying key genetic knowledge that should be taught in psychiatric training programs. Thirteen committee members were appointed by the ISPG Board of Directors, based on varied training, expertise, gender, and national origin. The Committee has met quarterly for the past 2 years, with periodic reports to the Board and to the members of the Society.

KLF4, A Gene Regulating Prostate Stem Cell Homeostasis, Is a Barrier to Malignant Progression and Predictor of Good Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.

There is a considerable need to identify those individuals with prostate cancer who have indolent disease. We propose that genes that control adult stem cell homeostasis in organs with slow turnover, such as the prostate, control cancer fate. One such gene, KLF4, overexpressed in murine prostate stem cells, regulates their homeostasis, blocks malignant transformation, and controls the self-renewal of tumor-initiating cells.

Functional status at listing predicts waitlist and posttransplant mortality in pediatric liver transplant candidates.

Functional impairment is associated with mortality in adult liver transplant candidates. This has not been studied in pediatric liver transplant candidates. United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research files were used to investigate functional status, waitlist mortality, and posttransplant outcomes in children younger than 18 years who were waitlisted in 2006-2016 for primary liver transplant.

Refining the Prediction and Prevention of Emergency Operative Deliveries with the Fetal Reserve Index.

Unlabelled: Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) is a poor predictor of outcomes attributable to delivery problems. Contextualizing EFM by adding maternal, obstetrical, and fetal risk-related information to create an index called the Fetal Reserve Index (FRI) improves the predictive capacity and facilitates the timing of interventions. Here, we test critical assumptions of FRI as a clinical tool.

The value of non-invasive measurement of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance to categorize significant changes of intradialytic blood pressure: a prospective study.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) is currently the main hemodynamic parameter used to assess the influence of fluid removal during hemodialysis session. Since BP is dependent on cardiac output (CO) and total peripheral resistance (TPRI), investigating these parameters may help to better understand the influence of fluid removal on patient's hemodynamics. We used a novel non-invasive whole-body bio-impedance cardiography device, recently validated in hemodialysis patients, to examine mechanisms of intradialytic hemodynamics in a Chinese dialysis population.

Safely lowering the emergency Cesarean and operative vaginal delivery rates using the Fetal Reserve Index.

The cardiotocograph (CTG) or electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) was developed to prevent fetal asphyxia and subsequent neurological injury. From a public health perspective, it has failed these objectives while increasing emergency operative deliveries (emergency operative deliveries (EODs) - emergency cesarean delivery or operative vaginal delivery) for newborns, who in retrospect, actually did not require the assistance. EODs increase the risks of complications and stress for patients, families, and medical personnel.

The epidemic of abnormal copy number variant cases missed because of reliance upon noninvasive prenatal screening.

Objective: To assess the implications of increasing utilization of noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS), which may reach 50% with the concomitant decrease in diagnostic procedures (DPs) for its impact on detection of chromosomal abnormalities.

Methods: We studied our program's statistics over 5 years for DPs and utilization of array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). We then modeled the implications in our program if DP had not fallen and nationally of a 50% DP and aCGH testing rate using well-vetted expectations for the diagnosis of abnormal copy number variants (CNVs).

Methods for determining key components in a mathematical model for tumor-immune dynamics in multiple myeloma.

In this work, we analyze a mathematical model we introduced previously for the dynamics of multiple myeloma and the immune system. We focus on four main aspects: (1) obtaining and justifying ranges and values for all parameters in the model; (2) determining a subset of parameters to which the model is most sensitive; (3) determining which parameters in this subset can be uniquely estimated given certain types of data; and (4) exploring the model numerically. Using global sensitivity analysis techniques, we found that the model is most sensitive to certain growth, loss, and efficacy parameters.

The Effect of Obesity on the Quality of Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy: Results From a Large Observational Study.

Background: Obesity has been linked to suboptimal bowel preparation but this association has not been conclusively investigated in prospective studies.

Goals: Our objective was to determine whether any relationship exists between obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI) and quality of bowel preparation.

Study: Adult patients who presented for outpatient colonoscopy at a single urban ambulatory surgery center within a 6-month period and fulfilled inclusion criteria were prospectively enrolled for the study.

Total retinal detachments due to retinoblastoma: Outcomes following intra-arterial chemotherapy/ophthalmic artery chemosurgery.

Purpose: To report on the rate and timing of retinal reattachment and outcomes for retinoblastoma children who have total retinal detachments at presentation to our center and were treated with intra-arterial chemotherapy (ophthalmic artery chemosurgery, OAC).

Patients And Methods: Single-center retrospective review of retinoblastoma patients who presented with total retinal detachments and were subsequently treated with OAC at MSKCC between May 2006 and July 2016. Endpoints were retinal detachment resolution, visual function, ERG amplitude, ocular survival, and patient survival from metastases.

Hemodynamic response to fluid removal during hemodialysis: categorization of causes of intradialytic hypotension.

Background: Intradialytic hypotension is a clinically significant problem, however, the hemodynamics that underlie ultrafiltration and consequent hypotensive episodes has not been studied comprehensively.

Methods: Intradialytic cardiac output, cardiac power and peripheral resistance changes from pretreatment measurements were evaluated using a novel regional impedance cardiographic device (NICaS, NI Medical, Peta Tikva, Israel) in 263 hemodialysis sessions in 54 patients in dialysis units in the USA and Brazil with the goal of determining the various hemodynamic trends as blood pressure decreases.

Results: Hypotensive episodes occurred in 99 (13.

Association of Peripheral Artery Disease With Incident Atrial Fibrillation: The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study.

Background: Although peripheral artery disease as defined by ankle-brachial index (ABI) is associated with incident atrial fibrillation (AF), questions remain about the risk of AF in borderline ABI (>0.90 to <1.0) or noncompressible arteries (>1.

Complete and Durable Responses in Primary Central Nervous System Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder with Zidovudine, Ganciclovir, Rituximab, and Dexamethasone.

Primary central nervous system posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PCNS-PTLD) is a complication of solid organ transplantation with a poor prognosis and typically associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We hypothesized EBV lytic-phase protein expression would allow successful treatment with antiviral therapy. Thirteen patients were treated with zidovudine (AZT), ganciclovir (GCV), dexamethasone, and rituximab in EBV PCNS-PTLD.

Individual versus group female-specific cognitive behavior therapy for alcohol use disorder.

Objectives: To test group-based Female-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (G-FS-CBT) for women with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) against an individual Female-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (I-FS-CBT). This aims of this paper are to describe G-FS-CBT development, content, feasibility, acceptability, group process, engagement in treatment, and within- and post-treatment outcomes.

Methods: Women with AUD (n=155) were randomly assigned to 12 manual-guided sessions of G-FS-CBT or I-FS-CBT; 138 women attended at least one treatment session.

Health Related Quality of Life and Neurocognitive Outcomes in the First Year after Pediatric Acute Liver Failure.

Objective: To determine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and neurocognitive impairment in survivors of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF).

Study Design: A longitudinal prospective study was conducted. At 6 and 12 months after PALF presentation, surveys of HRQoL were completed for 2- to 19-year-olds and executive functioning for ages 2-16 years.

Intravitreal chemotherapy and laser for newly visible subretinal seeds in retinoblastoma.

Background: There has been no effective method for treating newly visible ("new") subretinal seeding in retinoblastoma except enucleation. The objective of this report is to determine whether intravitreal chemotherapy combined with 810 nm indirect laser can successfully treat retinoblastoma eyes with "new" subretinal seeding which appeared after intra-arterial chemotherapy (ophthalmic arterial chemosurgery: OAC).

Material And Methods: Single center retrospective study from a tertiary cancer hospital of a case series of 14 eyes treated with combined intravitreal chemotherapy and laser from 2012 to 2017.

Re-engineering the interpretation of electronic fetal monitoring to identify reversible risk for cerebral palsy: a case control series.

Background: Even key opinion leaders now concede that electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) cannot reliably identify fetal acidemia which many vouch as the only labor mediated pathophysiologic precursor for cerebral palsy (CP). We have developed the "Fetal Reserve Index" - an algorithm combining five dynamic components of EFM (1. Rate, 2.

Disparities in availability of essential medicines to treat non-communicable diseases in Uganda: A Poisson analysis using the Service Availability and Readiness Assessment.

Objective: Although the WHO-developed Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool is a comprehensive and widely applied survey of health facility preparedness, SARA data have not previously been used to model predictors of readiness. We sought to demonstrate that SARA data can be used to model availability of essential medicines for treating non-communicable diseases (EM-NCD).

Methods: We fit a Poisson regression model using 2013 SARA data from 196 Ugandan health facilities.

The impact of third-trimester genetic counseling.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of genetic counseling (GC) during the third trimester by analyzing changes in pregnancy management and the correlation with postnatal findings.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. Pregnancy course and neonatal follow-up were analyzed according to the reason for referral and implementation of recommendations.

Research priorities for the discovery of a cure for chronic hepatitis B: Report of a workshop.

In early 2017, the Hepatitis B Foundation invited 30 experts in the fields of hepatitis B and liver cancer research to identify projects they deemed important to the goal of finding a cure for chronic hepatitis B and D and the diseases with which these viral infections are associated. They were also asked to identify general categories of research and to prioritize sub-project topics within those areas. The experts generally agreed on broadly defined areas of research, but there was usually little difference between the highest and lowest scoring projects; for the most part, all programs described in this document were considered valuable and necessary.

A metastasis biomarker (MetaSite ™ Score) is associated with distant recurrence in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative early-stage breast cancer.

Metastasis is the primary cause of death in early-stage breast cancer. We evaluated the association between a metastasis biomarker, which we call "Tumor Microenviroment of Metastasis" (TMEM), and risk of recurrence. TMEM are microanatomic structures where invasive tumor cells are in direct contact with endothelial cells and macrophages, and which serve as intravasation sites for tumor cells into the circulation.

Frequency, Predictors, and Impact of Combined Antiplatelet Therapy on Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Symptomatic Atherosclerosis.

Background: Observational studies suggest that symptomatic atherosclerosis may be associated with risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Prior randomized studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in recurrent VTE with aspirin monotherapy. Whether VTE risk is associated with more severe symptomatic atherosclerosis and more intensive antiplatelet therapy reduces VTE risk beyond aspirin monotherapy is unknown.

Texting Motivational Interviewing: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Motivational Interviewing Text Messages Designed to Augment Childhood Obesity Treatment.

Background: Text messages improve health outcomes for adults engaged in weight management. Little is known about whether text messaging parents of children enrolled in obesity treatment will improve child health.

Methods: We conducted a 2-group randomized controlled study among 101 children aged 5-12 and their parent/guardian enrolling in tertiary-care obesity treatment.