A Nonrandomized Trial of the Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects.

Background: Diabetes mellitus has reached global epidemic proportions, with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) comprising more than 90% of all subjects with diabetes. Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) frequently occurs in T2DM. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects a neural balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems (ANS) and a marker of CAN.

The Effects of Passive Simulated Jogging on Parameters of Explosive Handgrip in Nondiabetics and Type 2 Diabetics: A Single Arm Study.

Aims: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with sarcopenia and decreased muscle strength. Explosive and isometric voluntary handgrip strengths (EHGS and HGS) are frequently utilized methods to ascertain health status and a marker of overall muscle strength. We have previously shown that a portable, motorized device, which produces effortless, rapid stepping in place (passive simulated jogging device (JD)), improves glucose homeostasis.

A single arm trial using passive simulated jogging for blunting acute hyperglycemia.

Glycemic fluctuations increase oxidative stress, promote endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Reducing glycemic fluctuations is beneficial. We previously reported that a portable motorized passive simulated jogging device, (JD) reduces 24 h glycemic indices in type 2 and non-diabetic subjects.

Portable Gentle Jogger Improves Glycemic Indices in Type 2 Diabetic and Healthy Subjects Living at Home: A Pilot Study.

Background: Physical inactivity is a high-risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Increased physical activity improves indices of glycemic control. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) allows the investigation of glycemic control during activities of daily living.

Cutaneous drug eruptions: a 5-year experience.

Background: The diversity of cutaneous drug eruptions encompasses many clinicopathologic entities.

Methods: Cases with a pathologic diagnosis of drug eruption from 2000 to 2005 were retrieved from our institution. The histologic slides were reviewed, the patterns of inflammatory changes were recorded, and a chart review was performed.

The effects of prostaglandin inhibition on whole-body ischemia-reperfusion in swine.

Background: Prostaglandins (PGs), particularly PGE2 and PGI2, have a salutary effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial damage.

Objective: We investigated acute PG synthesis inhibition on outcomes from whole-body ischemia-reperfusion injury using a well-characterized model of ventricular fibrillation (VF)-induced cardiac arrest in pigs. In addition, we assessed early postresuscitation myocardial function in survivors using echocardiography as well as a biochemical measure of myocardial tissue damage.

Retention of extended release nifedipine capsules in a patient with enteric stricture causing recurrent small bowel obstruction.

Medication bezoars from extended release medication have been reported in the literature. This has become an increasing phenomenon with the popularity of extended release formulations, which aim to increase therapeutic compliance. We report on a patient who experienced recurrent bouts of small bowel obstruction, necessitating surgical exploration.

An immunohistochemical evaluation of c-kit (CD-117) expression in malignant melanoma, and results of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec) therapy in three patients.

In order to determine whether imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds the CD-117 (c-kit) receptor, may be of value in the treatment of malignant melanoma, an immunohistochemical analysis of 40 cases of primary and metastatic melanoma was undertaken. Thirty-five of the 40 cases showed 1+ or stronger labelling for CD-117 (up to a maximum of 4+). Three patients with neoplasms showing 4+ staining were selected for imatinib therapy.

Tubular carcinoma of the breast: an institutional experience and review of the literature.

Tubular carcinoma of the breast is a variant of invasive ductal carcinoma that is well differentiated and characterized by an orderly tubular formation. Although often perceived to have a better prognosis, there continues to be questions regarding the extent of treatment required. A retrospective review of 44 patients diagnosed with tubular carcinoma of the breast from 1987 to 1999 was performed.

Primary gastroesophageal-ileal hodgkin lymphoma.

Primary Hodgkin lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract is exceedingly rare to the point that some authors regard with skepticism the existence of this entity. Cases of gastrointestinal Hodgkin lymphoma have been reported previously; however, most of these cases represented secondary involvement of the digestive tract in the context of systemic disease. Other cases have been reclassified in retrospective studies as non-Hodgkin lymphomas after the application of immunohistochemical techniques.

Acute hemiballismus after carotid endarterectomy--a case report.

A 72-year-old woman who experienced a postoperative stroke after a carotid endarterectomy with the presenting symptom of hemiballismus is described. This unusual presentation was likely the result of a hypotensive episode coupled with a predisposing anatomic variant in the circle of Willis, which compromised blood flow in the posterior cerebral circulation. She responded well to treatment with haloperidol with complete resolution of hemiballistic movements.

Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Excision of Nonpalpable Breast Lesions.

In order to determine if intraoperative ultrasound (US)-guided excision is a feasible procedure, we prospectively studied 15 female patients between July 1996 and December 1998 for US-detected nonpalpable breast lesions. Intraoperative US was used by the operating surgeon to identify the lesion, guide its excision, and evaluate the specimen to document complete removal. A control group of 15 female patients with mammographically detected nonpalpable lesions was used for comparison.

Extranodal lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma (immunocytoma) presenting as small intestinal obstruction.

A 57-year-old woman presented with intermittent symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Workup provided nondiagnostic radiologic studies. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a segmental dilatation in the proximal ileum, which showed diffuse thickening of the intestinal wall.

Chordoid glioma: a novel tumor of the third ventricle.

Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle is a recently characterized primary neoplasm of the central nervous system. We present a case and discuss the pathologic and radiologic features. We are aware of only 16 other cases documented in the world literature.

Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma): a unique presentation as a goiter in an 88-year-old man.

Collagenous fibroma (desmoplastic fibroblastoma) is a recently described entity in the medical literature. This entity has been reported in various locations, including the upper extremities, posterior neck, upper back, lower extremities, abdominal wall, and hip. We report an interesting case of an 88-year-old man who presented with an apparent goiter involving the right anterolateral neck.

Microlaparoscopic cholecystectomy. Less invasive gallbladder surgery.

Background: We set out to compare a prospective evaluation of microlaparoscopic cholesystectomy (MLC) using 5-mm ports for the scope and operating ports and two 2-mm ports for retracting to the historic results of standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SLC).

Methods: Fifty-six consecutive patients were operated electively for symptomatic gallstones between June 1997 and July 1998. Demographics, history of prior abdominal surgery, operative time, resident level, need to convert, length of stay, and postoperative analgesia were recorded for each case.

Esophageal collision tumor (Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and papillary carcinoma) arising in a Barrett esophagus.

We report herein a unique case of an esophageal collision tumor composed of a papillary adenocarcinoma and a large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arising in a Barrett esophagus. Hematoxylin-eosin and silver staining patterns, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy of the large cell neuroendocrine component are discussed.

Cardiac myxoma with chondroid features.

We report a case of a cardiac myxoma with cartilaginous differentiation. Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary neoplasms of the heart. The cell of origin is thought to be a pluripotential cell called the "myxoma cell," which is capable of differentiating towards various tissues, including endothelial, epithelial, and smooth muscle; however, cartilaginous differentiation is so uncommon that other entities such as metastatic chondrosarcomas must be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Clear-cell epithelioid leiomyoma of the round ligament.

A case of clear-cell epithelioid leiomyoma of the round ligament in a 69-year-old woman is described. The neoplasm presented as a firm left inguinal mass. A preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated an enhancing lesion extending extra-abdominally from the region of the external inguinal ring.

Dynamic CT in the preoperative evaluation of patients with gastric cancer: correlation with surgical findings and pathology.

Background: The use of diagnostic techniques in the preoperative staging of patients with gastric cancer must be better defined. To further clarify which technique is indicated, we applied a new modality of computed tomography (CT) scanning for patients with gastric cancer.

Methods: Dynamic CT of the abdomen using water as oral contrast agent was performed in 30 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

Balloon cell change in cellular blue nevus.

Balloon cells are altered melanocytes with clear vacuolated cytoplasm caused by a defect in the process of melanogenesis. Although rare, balloon cell change has been observed in a variety of melanocytic proliferations, particularly intradermal melanocytic nevi and melanoma. When present, such features may lead to difficulties in diagnosis, particularly with other clear cell neoplasms.

Pulmonary artery fibrous bands: report of a case with extensive lung infarction and superinfection with Coccidioides immitis, Pseudomonas, and acid-fast bacilli.

A 46-year-old woman presented with shortness of breath and frequent lower respiratory tract infections. A ventilation-perfusion scan showed markedly reduced perfusion of the right lung, and pulmonary arteriogram showed stenosis of the right pulmonary artery. A right pneumonectomy revealed dense white fibrous bands partially occluding the pulmonary artery branches and two large abscess cavities filled with pus in the upper and lower lobes.

Intraductal carcinoma (carcinoma in situ) of the pancreas with microinvasion.

We report a case of predominantly intraductal carcinoma of the pancreas with microscopic foci of invasive carcinoma in a patient with chronic pancreatitis. In this article, we discuss the pathologic and prognostic features of pancreatic carcinoma in situ. This entity is probably overlooked due to a number of reasons, including the fact that, in most cases, pancreatic ductal carcinomas are extensively infiltrative at the time of surgical removal; the atypical epithelial changes in the intraductal carcinoma had been overlooked in the presence or absence of an invasive component; epithelial changes may be missed due to insufficient sampling; and last, the differentiation with atypical epithelial hyperplasia is a subjective matter.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma invading right ventricular myocardium without caval involvement.

We examined a 56-year-old man who presented with dyspnea and lower extremity edema. A 2-D echocardiogram showed a large mass within the right ventricle which spared the right atrium and the inferior vena cava. Pathologic evaluation identified a renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features.