Repetitive Behaviors in Dogs.

Repetitive behaviors in companion animals have been compared with obsessive-compulsive disorders in people. There is evidence that repetitive behaviors may go unrecognized because they have a high level of comorbidity with other, more salient, behavior problems and may be overshadowed or regarded as amusing eccentricities. To assess repetitive behavior problems, we propose a standardized approach involving 5 categories or axes.

Case report: Management of an unknown TCA diagnosis: The importance of rapid diagnosis and the use of CVVHDF in toxin elimination.

This case report highlights the effective medical management of a 27-year-old woman in critical condition due to an unknown medication overdose. The patient's initial condition at the emergency department (ED) indicated TCA (Tricyclic antidepressant) toxicity, which implied a poor prognosis based on clinical presentation and measurable criteria. The patient's systemic collapse was managed emergently in accordance with the TOXBASE guidelines.

The British Orthopaedic Oncology Management (BOOM) audit.

Aims: Most patients with advanced malignancy suffer bone metastases, which pose a significant challenge to orthopaedic services and burden to the health economy. This study aimed to assess adherence to the British Orthopaedic Oncology Society (BOOS)/British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) guidelines on patients with metastatic bone disease (MBD) in the UK.

Methods: A prospective, multicentre, national collaborative audit was designed and delivered by a trainee-led collaborative group.

Head tilt as a clinical sign of cervical spinal or paraspinal disease in dogs: 15 cases (2000-2021).

Objectives: To characterise head tilt as a rare clinical sign of cervical spinal or paraspinal disease in dogs.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective single-centre case-series study of dogs with head tilt and cervical spinal or paraspinal disease in the absence of intracranial abnormalities. Descriptive statistics were used.

Standing sedation management of a domesticated reindeer for third eyelid removal.

Background: Reindeer are becoming popular animals within petting farms. Few case reports describe the sedation of domesticated reindeer, but none describe the use of ocular local anesthetic blocks in this species.

Case Description: A 9-year-old, female, Svalbard reindeer ( ) presenting for removal of a squamous cell carcinoma involving the third eyelid.

Influence of Femoral Position and Pelvic Projection on Norberg Angle Measurements.

Objective:  Canine hip dysplasia is a common orthopaedic disease in dogs. The Norberg angle value is a measure of hip joint laxity. The aim of this study was to quantify the degree of rotation necessary to consider the radiograph as inadequately positioned and to determine the influence of rotation on the Norberg angle.

Right place, no trace: A case report of postintubation bronchospasm.

Evidence suggests obesity correlates with airway hyperreactivity, which can result in severe bronchospasm. This report presents a 31-year-old female with a high body mass index who presented for a laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. She had no past medical or atopic history.

Confirmed and presumed canine insulinomas and their presumed metastases are most conspicuous in the late arterial phase in a triple arterial phase CT protocol.

Arterial enhancement is the commonly described characteristic of canine insulinomas in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). However, this finding is also reported as inconsistent. The main aim of this single-center retrospective observational study was to describe the contrast enhancement (CE) pattern of canine presumed and confirmed insulinomas and presumed metastases in three consecutive (early, mid, and late) arterial phases.

Questions, answers and challenges: Summarising the guidance for distal radius fractures.

This article summarises the current recommendations from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the British Orthopaedic Association (BOA), the British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH) and the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) for the management of distal radius fractures (DRF). We performed an audit of DRF management at our local emergency hospital. Results and conclusion: Despite DRF representing a large portion of our workload, there remains a paucity of evidence to base recommendations on.

Is the patella apprehension test a valid diagnostic test for patellar instability? A systematic review.

Introduction: Patellar instability can arise from a traumatic event with anatomical predisposing factors increasing the risk of dislocation. Accurate diagnosis is required to initiate appropriate treatment. We aimed to evaluate the patella apprehension test (PAT) as a method to diagnose patellar instability.

A mismatch of planning and achieved tibial plateau angle in cranial closing wedge surgery: An in silico and clinical evaluation of 100 cases.

Objective: (1) To determine whether Oxley's modified cranial closing wedge osteotomy (CCWO) results in a tibial plateau angle (TPA) of 5° in silico, (2) compare in silico to clinical postoperative TPA and (3) determine the impact of ostectomy distalization in silico.

Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective radiographic in silico study.

Sample Population: A total of 100 stifle radiographs; 90 dogs (small ≤25 kg = 84; large >25 kg = 16).

A fatal aorto-oesophageal fistula due to a mutton bone: A case report.

Introduction And Importance Of The Case: Aorto-oesophageal fistula (AEF) following foreign body ingestion is rare and conservative management is always fatal. The delayed presentation further confounds poor outcomes.

Presentation Of Case: A 46-year-old South-Asian woman presented with pain and difficulty in swallowing following ingestion of a mutton-containing meal.

A Review of Clinical Outcomes, Owner Understanding and Satisfaction following Medial Canthoplasty in Brachycephalic Dogs in a UK Referral Setting (2016-2021).

Brachycephalic breeds have increased in popularity despite growing awareness of their predisposition to a wide range of conformation-related diseases. The extreme facial conformation of many popular brachycephalic breeds compromises their ocular surface health, increasing the risk of painful corneal ulceration. Medial canthoplasty (MC) is a surgical procedure to address ocular abnormalities in brachycephalic dogs, which are collectively referred to as brachycephalic ocular syndrome (BOS).

Bone pathology mimicking non-accidental injury in a child - Bewildered by bones, case report and review of the literature.

Introduction And Importance: Physical abuse of children is criminal conduct in the purview of medico-legal sciences and the confirmative diagnosis of 'child abuse' is imperative for further legal proceedings. Clinicians play a pivotal role in the protection of children by recognizing and reporting such cases and treating the victims of abuse.

Presentation Of Case: To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case report in literature where osteofibrous dysplasia resulted in a pathological fracture in a 10-month-old South-Asian child which resembled the picture of child abuse.

COVID-19 infected ST-Elevation myocardial infarction in India (COSTA INDIA).

Objective: To find out differences in the presentation, management and outcomes of COVID-19 infected STEMI patients compared to age and sex-matched non-infected STEMI patients treated during the same period.

Methods: This was a retrospective multicentre observational registry in which we collected data of COVID-19 positive STEMI patients from selected tertiary care hospitals across India. For every COVID-19 positive STEMI patient, two age and sex-matched COVID-19 negative STEMI patients were enrolled as control.

Causes of thrombocytopenia in dogs in the United Kingdom: A retrospective study of 762 cases.

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common laboratory abnormality in dogs, and numerous diseases have been associated with its development. Estimates for the sensitivity and specificity of the degree of reduction of platelet concentration for the diagnosis of primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (pITP) have not been reported.

Objectives: To report the prevalence of different causes of thrombocytopenia in dogs in the United Kingdom and to investigate the utility of platelet concentration to differentiate causes of thrombocytopenia.

Multidetector-row CT features and histopathological analysis of pericardial recesses in dogs.

At the level of pericardial reflections and near the great thoracic vessels, pericardial recesses (PRs) are present, where fluid can collect to increase the pericardial reserve volume. To date, these structures have not been described in vivo in veterinary patients. The aims of this observational and descriptive study were to describe the location and appearance of PRs in dogs, as seen with multidetector-row CT (MDCT), and to develop a dedicated imaging technique for their best visualization.

Automated analysis of intraoperative phase in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A comparison of one attending surgeon and their residents.

Objective: This study compares the intraoperative phase times in laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed by an attending surgeon and supervised residents over 10-years to assess operative times as a marker of performance and any impact of case severity on times.

Design: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy videos were uploaded to Touch Surgery™ Enterprise, a combined software and hardware solution for securely recording, storing, and analysing surgical videos, which provide analytics of intraoperative phase times. Case severity and visualisation of the critical view of safety (CVS) were manually assessed using modified 10-point intraoperative gallbladder scoring system (mG10) and CVS scores, respectively.

Influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on perioperative complications associated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in 242 dogs (2010-2020).

Objective: To determine the influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on presenting signs, imaging findings, intraoperative and perioperative complications following total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO).

Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective study.

Animals: A total of 306 (n = 242 dogs) TECA-LBOs (extreme brachycephalic breeds [EBB] = 81, other breeds [OB] = 225).

Non-traumatic hemorrhagic myelopathy in dogs.

Background: Non-traumatic spinal cord hemorrhage (NTSH) is an uncommon cause of myelopathy in dogs.

Objectives: Describe the clinical characteristics, concurrent medical conditions and underlying causes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and outcome in dogs with NTSH.

Animals: Dogs diagnosed with NTSH using gradient echo T2-weighted (GRE) sequences with or without histopathological confirmation of hemorrhage were included.

UK-based multicentre cross-sectional study assessing advice requests veterinary dermatologists received from general practitioners.

Background: There is little currently little information available regarding the nature of the advice requests veterinary dermatologists receive from general practitioners. Collation of such data could direct continuing veterinary development in the future.

Methods: Dermatologists completed hand-written recording sheets during or after enquiries.

Fatality in the perioperative period: A case report on refractory hypoxemia in an infant following open inguinal herniotomy.

Introduction And Importance Of The Case: Post-operative adverse respiratory events are not uncommon among infants.

Presentation Of Case: A 2-month-old male infant with an acyanotic heart disease underwent an elective open inguinal herniotomy under general anaesthesia. The intraoperative period was uneventful.

Prevalence and outcome of lens capsule disruption in routine canine cataract surgery: A retrospective study of 520 eyes (2012-2019).

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and surgical outcome of lens capsule disruption (LCD) in dogs undergoing cataract removal.

Animals Studied: Medical records of 924 eyes undergoing phacoemulsification were analyzed retrospectively.

Procedures: Routine cataract surgeries with or without LCD were included.