Flow-cytometry reveals mitochondrial DNA accumulation in cells during cell cycle arrest.

Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles containing their own DNA (mtDNA), which is replicated independently of nuclear DNA (nDNA). While cell cycle arrest halts nDNA replication, mtDNA replication continues. In , flow cytometry enables semi-quantitative estimation of mtDNA levels by measuring the difference in signals between cells lacking mtDNA and those containing mtDNA.

Novel coronaviruses and mammarenaviruses of hedgehogs from Russia including the comparison of viral communities of hibernating and active specimens.

Introduction: Small mammals, especially rodents and bats, are known reservoirs of zoonotic viruses, but little is known about the viromes of insectivorous species including hedgehogs (order Eulipotyphla), which often live near human settlements and come into contact with humans.

Methods: We used high-throughput sequencing and metaviromic analysis to describe the viromes of 21 hedgehogs (Erinaceus sp.) sampled from summer 2022 to spring 2023.

Coherent Changes in Neural Motor Network Activity during Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Long-term use of levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA) for alleviation of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), can cause a serious side effect known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). With the development of LID, high-frequency gamma oscillations (~100 Hz) are registered in the motor cortex (MCx) in patients with PD and rats with experimental PD. Studying alterations in the activity within major components of motor networks during transition from levodopa-off state to dyskinesia can provide useful information about their contribution to the development of abnormal gamma oscillations and LID.

Africa and Arabia encompass a much greater species diversity in the aggregate (Amaranthaceae, achyranthoid clade): Evidence from morphological and chorological data.

in its traditional sense (excluding that phylogenetically falls into ) has been considered to contain a restricted (three to four) number of species in Africa and one or two species in the Arabian Peninsula. The morphology of the type species of the genus, , has been treated as highly polymorphic, with several varieties recognised by various authors. Not surprisingly, a recent extended phylogeny revealed a non-monophyly of .

Description of Encyonemataceae fam. nov. and Witkowskiaceae fam. nov. (Bacillariophyceae, Cymbellales) based on molecular and morphological analyses.

In this study, based on the results of molecular analysis of SSU rRNA and rbcL sequences, we propose the descriptions of two new families in the order Cymbellales. Molecular data demonstrates that diatoms of the genus Encyonema constitute an independent monophyletic clade, which represents a new family described herein - Encyonemataceae fam. nov.

Exploring temperature-dependent photoluminescence dynamics of colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets using machine learning approach.

The study explore machine learning (ML) techniques to predict temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectra in colloidal CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs), leveraging polynomial regression models trained on experimental data from 85 to 270 K spanning temperatures to forecast PL spectra backward to 0 K and forward to 300 K. 6th-degree polynomial models with Tweedie regression were optimal for band energy ([Formula: see text]) predictions up to 300 K, while 9th-degree models with LassoLars and Linear Regression regressors were suitable for backward predictions to 0 K. For exciton energy ([Formula: see text]), the Lasso model of degree 5 and the Ridge model of degree 4 performed well up to 300 K, while the Tweedie model of degree 2 and Theil-Sen model of degree 2 showed promise for predictions to 0 K.

Using Agaricus bisporus crude extract in distance based 3D microfluidic paper-based analytical device and spectrophotometric analytical procedures for thiols determination.

Novel and simple spectrophotometric and distance based procedures for thiols (L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, and glutathione) determination in biological fluids and pharmaceuticals have been proposed based on their inhibitory action on the oxidation of catechol in the presence of Agaricus bisporus crude extract (ABE). The influence of L-glycine, L-alanine, L-proline, L-methionine, L-cystine, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and bilirubin on the thiol determination has been investigated. Uric acid, bilirubin, L-cystine (oxidized thiol), and L-amino acids do not interfere with the determination.

Buckyballs to fight pandemic: Water-soluble fullerene derivatives with pendant carboxylic groups emerge as a new family of promising SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.

Herein, we present the first experimental study of individual water-soluble fullerene derivatives proving their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. The initial screening allowed us to identify a few new compounds that have demonstrated pronounced antiviral activity with IC values as low as 390 nM and selectivity indexes reaching 214. Time-of-addition analysis and molecular docking results suggested that the viral protease and/or the spike protein are the most probable targets inhibited by the fullerene derivatives.

Effect of Macromolecular Architecture on Adhesion.

The behavior of single linear chains on a substrate is a well-studied area of polymer science. Herein, one of the most essential issues is the interaction of the chains with the substrate, which determines both macromolecular conformations near the substrate and adhesive properties of polymer materials. However, very little is known about the effect of macromolecular architecture on adhesion.

A novel strain of Leishmania braziliensis harbors not a toti- but a bunyavirus.

Leishmania is a genus of the family Trypanosomatidae that unites obligatory parasitic flagellates causing a variety of vector-borne diseases collectively called leishmaniasis. The symptoms range from relatively innocuous skin lesions to complete failures of visceral organs. The disease is exacerbated if a parasite harbors Leishmania RNA viruses (LRVs) of the family Pseudototiviridae.

The Protein Engineering of Zearalenone Hydrolase Results in a Shift in the pH Optimum of the Relative Activity of the Enzyme.

An acidic shift in the pH profile of zearalenone hydrolase (ZHD), the most effective and well-studied zearalenone-specific lactone hydrolase, is required to extend the range of applications for the enzyme as a decontamination agent in the feed and food production industries. Amino acid substitutions were engineered in the active center of the enzyme to decrease the pKa values of the catalytic residues E126 and H242. The T216K substitution provided a shift in the pH optimum by one unit to the acidic region, accompanied by a notable expansion in the pH profile under acidic conditions.

Toxins from Animal Venom-A Rich Source of Active Compounds with High Pharmacological Potential.

Animal venoms contain a huge variety of bioactive molecules-namely, toxins-with an almost combinatorial spectrum of biological activities [...

Nanopore Data-Driven T2T Genome Assemblies of Strains.

is a pathogenic fungus that infects flax and causes significant yield losses. In this study, we assembled the genomes of four highly virulent strains using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT, R10.4.

Comparative Evaluation of Mathematical Model and In Vivo Study of Calcium Phosphate Bone Grafts.

One of the key factors of the interaction 'osteoplastic material-organism' is the state of the implant surface. Taking into account the fact that the equilibrium in regeneration conditions is reached only after the reparative histogenesis process is completed, the implant surface is constantly modified. This work is devoted to the numerical description of the dynamic bilateral material-medium interaction under close to physiological conditions, as well as to the assessment of the comparability of the model with and experimental results.

Sea Anemone Kunitz Peptide HCIQ2c1: Structure, Modulation of TRPA1 Channel, and Suppression of Nociceptive Reaction In Vivo.

TRPA1 is a homotetrameric non-selective calcium-permeable channel. It contributes to chemical and temperature sensitivity, acute pain sensation, and development of inflammation. HCIQ2c1 is a peptide from the sea anemone that inhibits serine proteases.

Analysis of Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Various Histological Subtypes of Adrenocortical Cancer.

Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare malignant neoplasm originating from the adrenal cortex, presenting limited therapeutic options. An avenue for improving therapeutic efficacy may involve a deeper understanding of the role of adrenocortical stem/progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of this disease. Although existing data suggest stem/progenitor characteristics in certain cell populations within ACC, the challenge remains to identify adrenocortical stem cell markers directly involved in its carcinogenesis.

Nanopipettes as a Potential Diagnostic Tool for Selective Nanopore Detection of Biomolecules.

Nanopipettes, as a class of solid-state nanopores, have evolved into universal tools in biomedicine for the detection of biomarkers and different biological analytes. Nanopipette-based methods combine high sensitivity, selectivity, single-molecule resolution, and multifunctionality. The features have significantly expanded interest in their applications for the biomolecular detection, imaging, and molecular diagnostics of real samples.

Composite Contrast Enhancement of Hydrogel-Based Implants for Photon-Counting Computed Tomography Studies.

Hydrogels have a wide range of medical applications, including use within implantable systems. However, when used in implants, their visibility under conventional medical imaging techniques is limited, creating safety risks for patients. In the current work, we assessed the possibility of enhancing hydrogels using Ln-based contrasting agents to facilitate their visualization in photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT).

Nanostructured Hydrogels of Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals Crosslinked by Calcium Ions.

Bio-based eco-friendly cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) gain an increasing interest for diverse applications. We report the results of an investigation of hydrogels spontaneously formed by the self-assembly of carboxylated CNCs in the presence of CaCl using several complementary techniques: rheometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, FTIR-spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, cryo-electron tomography, and polarized optical microscopy. Increasing CaCl concentration was shown to induce a strong increase in the storage modulus of CNC hydrogels accompanied by the growth of CNC aggregates included in the network.

Composition, Seasonal Dynamics and Metabolic Potential of the Rhizosphere Microbiome Associated with Wild White Poplar.

The white poplar () is a dioecious woody plant with significant potential for the phytoremediation of soils. To realize this potential, it is necessary to utilize growth-promoting microorganisms. One potential source of such beneficial microorganisms is the rhizosphere community of wild-growing trees.

White matter lipidome alterations in the schizophrenia brain.

Numerous brain imaging studies have reported white matter alterations in schizophrenia, but the lipidome analysis of the corresponding tissue remains incomplete. In this study, we investigated the lipidome composition of six subcortical white matter regions corresponding to major axonal tracks in both control subjects and schizophrenia patients. All six regions exhibited a consistent pattern of quantitative lipidome alterations in schizophrenia, involving myelin-forming and mitochondria associated lipid classes.

Radiation-Induced Transformations of an Isolated CH···HCN Complex: Possible Way to Synthesis of Interstellar Benzonitrile.

The recent detection of benzonitrile (CHCN) in the interstellar medium is one of the most fascinating discoveries in astrochemistry and molecular astrophysics. However, the mechanism of its formation in interstellar ices remains unclear. Here, we report the first evidence for the direct synthesis of benzonitrile through the radiation-induced transformations of an isolated CH···HCN complex in inert rigid media at cryogenic temperature (4.

Enhancing the reverse transcriptase function in Taq polymerase via AI-driven multiparametric rational design.

Introduction: Modification of natural enzymes to introduce new properties and enhance existing ones is a central challenge in bioengineering. This study is focused on the development of Taq polymerase mutants that show enhanced reverse transcriptase (RTase) activity while retaining other desirable properties such as fidelity, 5'- 3' exonuclease activity, effective deoxyuracyl incorporation, and tolerance to locked nucleic acid (LNA)-containing substrates. Our objective was to use AI-driven rational design combined with multiparametric wet-lab analysis to identify and validate Taq polymerase mutants with an optimal combination of these properties.

Males have higher psychological readiness to return to sports than females after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To examine sex differences in psychological readiness to return to sport following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction as well as to determine whether males and females separately fulfilled cut-off values (≥65) of psychological readiness necessary to return to sport.

Information Sources: Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were comprehensively searched from inception to January 2024 to identify relevant studies.

Eligibility Criteria: Observational investigations that compared males and females with a history of ACL reconstruction concerning psychological readiness to return to sport.