HDL Cholesterol-Associated Shifts in the Expression of Preselected Genes Reveal both Pro-Atherogenic and Atheroprotective Effects of HDL in Coronary Artery Disease.

Background: The associations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level and functionality with lipid metabolism, inflammation, and innate immunity in coronary artery disease (CAD) remain controversial. The differential expression of a set of genes related to HDL metabolism (24 genes) and atherogenesis (41 genes) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from CAD and control patients with varied HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels was compared.

Methods: 76 male patients 40-60 years old with CAD diagnosed by angiography and 63 control patients were divided into three groups with low, normal (1.

Ultrasound protein-copolymer microbubble library engineering through poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid) structure.

Hypothesis: While albumin-coated microbubbles are routine contrast agents for ultrasound imaging, their short duration of contrast enhancement limits their use, yet can be improved by incorporating protein-copolymer hybrids into microbubble shells. The incorporation of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and acrylic acid copolymer (P(VP-AA)) has been shown to enhance the performance of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-coated microbubbles. However, the impact of the copolymer structural properties on key microbubble characteristics (i.

[Pain relief after abdominal oncologic surgery. Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of a fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine].

Objective: Evaluation of the analgesic, opioid-sparing, anti-inflammatory and adverse effects of the diclofenac and orphenadrine (Neodolpasse) fixed combination for analgesia in the postoperative period of surgical cancer patients.

Material And Methods: A randomized, single-center, prospective, comparative study evaluated two analgesic regimens in 40 cancer patients undergoing various open cavity surgeries, including extensive combined interventions associated with the resection of 3 or more organs. The study was conducted following the transfer from the ICU to the surgical department during the early activation period, within the first two postoperative days.

Impact of COVID-19 infection on lung function and nutritional status amongst individuals with cystic fibrosis: A global cohort study.

Background: Factors associated with severe COVID-19 infection have been identified; however, the impact of infection on longer-term outcomes is unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of COVID-19 infection on the trajectory of lung function and nutritional status in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF).

Methods: This is a retrospective global cohort study of pwCF who had confirmed COVID-19 infection diagnosed between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021.

Analysis of Mutational Burden of Mitochondrial Genome in Cells of Different Human Organs and Tissues.

Background: Cells of different human organs and tissues contain different numbers of mitochondria. In these organelles, there are different copies of the mitochondrial genome, which is characteristic of a certain organ or tissue.

Objective: The aim of the investigation was to analyze the results of scientific works dedicated to the analysis of heteroplasmy levels of mitochondrial genome mutations in a number of organs and tissues.

The Prevalence and Factors Associated with Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Gout.

Unlabelled: Gout is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Therefore, an association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and gout deserves careful examination.

Aim: .

[Videofluorescence navigation during parenchymal-sparing liver resections using a domestic fluorescence imaging system].

Parenchyma- sparing liver resections are aimed at maximizing the possible preservation of parenchyma not affected by the tumor - a current trend in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery. On the other hand, a prerequisite for operations is to ensure their radicality. To effectively solve this problem, all diagnostic imaging methods available in the arsenal are used, which make it possible to comprehensively solve the issues of perioperative planning of the volume and technical features of the planned operation.

Estimation of phase distortions of the photoplethysmographic signal in digital IIR filtering.

Pre-processing of the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal plays an important role in the analysis of the pulse wave signal. The task of pre-processing is to remove noise from the PPG signal, as well as to transmit the signal without any distortions for further analysis. The integrity of the pulse waveform is essential since many cardiovascular parameters are calculated from it using morphological analysis.

Comprehensive Assessment of Modulators' Therapeutic Efficiency for N1303K Variant.

p.Asn1303Lys (N1303K) is a common missense variant of the gene, causing cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study, we initially evaluated the influence of modulators on the restoration of N1303K- function using intestinal organoids derived from four CF patients expressing the N1303K variant.

Advances in the Study of Common and Rare Complex Alleles Using Intestinal Organoids.

Complex alleles (CAs) arise when two or more nucleotide variants are present on a single allele. CAs of the gene complicate the cystic fibrosis diagnosis process, classification of pathogenic variants, and determination of the clinical picture of the disease and increase the need for additional studies to determine their pathogenicity and modulatory effect in response to targeted therapy. For several different populations around the world, characteristic CAs of the gene have been discovered, although in general the prevalence and pathogenicity of CAs have not been sufficiently studied.

Significance of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the corpus striatum, which can be caused by the disruption of processes of mitochondrial homeostasis, including mitophagy, mitochondrial fusion and division, mitochondrial transport, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium signaling. Dopaminergic neurons are particularly vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction due to their polarized and expanded structure and high bioenergy needs. The molecular basis of these disorders is manifested in mutations of mitochondrial homeostasis proteins.

Exosomes as a potential therapeutic approach in osteoimmunology.

Exosomes are natural extracellular vesicles that play a key role in inter- and intracellular communication. Currently they are considered as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various diseases. In osteoimmunology, exosomes can serve as biomarkers of bone homeostasis disorders and, at the same time, promising therapeutic agents with high stability in the biological environment, low immunogenicity and good bioavailability.

Sialic acid as the potential link between lipid metabolism and inflammation in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

In the modern world, cardiovascular diseases have a special place among the most common causes of death. Naturally, this widespread problem cannot escape the attention of scientists and researchers. One of the main conditions preceding the development of fatal cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis.

Macrophages derived from LPS-stimulated monocytes from individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis were characterized by increased pro-inflammatory activity.

Objective: Atherosclerosis is characterized by chronic inflammation in the vascular wall. Currently the violation of immune tolerance of innate immune cells is considered as a possible mechanism of chronification of inflammation. The aim of this study is to assess the inflammatory activity and tolerance of monocytes and macrophages in subclinical atherosclerosis.

The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Development of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis С.

Currently, the issue relating to the discussion raised in this article appears to be for what purposes the hepatitis C virus (HCV) modulates cellular processes, such as antiviral defense, metabolism, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dynamics, by inhibiting the activity or expression of mitochondrial proteins and a number of cellular proteins. Additionally, to what pathological changes do these alterations lead? Thus, the aim of this review is to propose potential protein mitochondrial targets of HCV for the future development of new drugs aimed at inhibiting its interaction with cellular proteins. Considering current analyses in the literature, promising targets for the acute and chronic phases of HCV are proposed which include mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS) (antiviral response protein), Parkin (mitophagy protein), Drp1 (mitochondrial fission protein), subunits 1 and 4 of the electron transport chain (ETC) complex (oxidative phosphorylation proteins), among others.

Mechanisms of the Wnt Pathways as a Potential Target Pathway in Atherosclerosis.

The proteins of the Wnt family are involved in a variety of physiological processes by means of several canonical and noncanonical signaling pathways. Wnt signaling has been recently identified as a major player in atherogenesis. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge on the influence of various components of the Wnt signaling pathways on the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and associated conditions.

[Polypositional transcutaneous ultrasound assessment of vocal folds mobility. Ultrasonographic sign of laryngeal dysfunction].

Unlabelled: Fiberoptic laryngoscopy is a standard procedure for evaluation of vocal folds immobility. However, this method is invasive, requires special qualifications and technical equipment, which limits its routine use. Therefore, in daily practice, the vast majority of laryngoscopy are performed by an indirect way, the accuracy of which depends on the specialist experience and the patient compliance.

Incoherent optical fluctuation flowmetry for detecting limbs with hemodynamically significant stenoses in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: The development of new highly accurate, inexpensive and accessible methods for the detection of lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (LE-PAD) in diabetic patients is required. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new incoherent optical fluctuation flowmetry (IOFF) method in detecting legs with hemodynamically significant stenoses compared to ankle brachial index (ABI) and transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials And Methods: Patients were recruited into 2 groups.

[The use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of patients with high-active multiple sclerosis in real clinical practice].

Objective: To study the efficacy of ocrelizumab (OCR) and natalizumab (NAT) using indicators of activity and progression in patients with highly active multiple sclerosis (HAMS) during the first year of therapy in real clinical practice.

Material And Methods: The study included 110 patients with HAMS and 13 patients with rapidly progressive MS (RPMS), aged 19 to 60 years, who received monoclonal antibody (MAT) therapy for 12 months. Group 1 consisted of 77 patients receiving NAT therapy, group 2 of 46 patients receiving OCR therapy.

The Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Transport in the Development of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

The fight against neurodegenerative diseases is one of the key direction of modern medicine. Unfortunately, the difficulties in understanding the factors underlying the development of neurodegeneration hinder the development of breakthrough therapeutics that can stop or at least greatly slow down the progression of these diseases. In this review, it is considered the disruption of mitochondrial transport as one of the pathogenesis factors contributing to neurodegeneration using the examples of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease.

Atheroprotective Aspects of Heat Shock Proteins.

Atherosclerosis is a major global health problem. Being a harbinger of a large number of cardiovascular diseases, it ultimately leads to morbidity and mortality. At the same time, effective measures for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis have not been developed, to date.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus: Inflammation, mitophagy, and mitochondrial function.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the damage of insulin-secreting β-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. To date, its etiology is not fully understood, despite decades of active search for root causes, and that underlines the complexity of the disease pathogenesis. It was found that mitophagy plays a regulatory role in the development of autoimmune response during T1DM pathogenesis by preventing the accumulation of defective/dysfunctional mitochondria in pancreatic cells.