[Embryonic stem cells (from fundamental biology to medicine)].

The recent achievements in isolation, primary and long term culturing, cell Immunophenotyping, SAGE--mRNA--profiling, the clonogenic growth parameters of embryonic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells have been outlined in connection with cell pluripotency and restricted differentiation, mediated by signals both in culture and in situ. Multidisciplinary data obtained by cell biologists, embryologists with recent functional genomic data give the new way for practical implementation of bioimplants derived from embryonic stem cell for cell-replacement therapy.

Diol lipids are activators of protein kinase C.

Diol lipids (dioleoyl- and dioctanoylethylene glycol) at relatively low concentrations (approximately 10 microM) were found to activate significantly protein kinase C in the presence of phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylinositol. Since diol lipids are widespread minor lipid constituents of many cells [(1974) Chem. Ind.