Comparison of cyanoacrylate closure and radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins: 36-Month outcomes of the VeClose randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the 36-month efficacy and safety of cyanoacrylate closure for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins in comparison with radiofrequency ablation.

Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial, 222 symptomatic subjects with incompetent great saphenous veins were assigned to either cyanoacrylate closure or radiofrequency ablation. The primary endpoint, complete closure of the target great saphenous vein, was determined using duplex ultrasound examination starting from three-month visit.

Twenty-four month results from a randomized trial of cyanoacrylate closure versus radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins.

Objective: We previously reported 3-month and 12-month occlusion rates after treatment of clinically symptomatic saphenous vein reflux with either cyanoacrylate closure (CAC) using the VenaSeal Closure System (Medtronic, Dublin, Ireland) or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in a randomized, multicenter, clinical trial, VenaSeal Sapheon Closure System vs Radiofrequency Ablation for Incompetent Great Saphenous Veins (VeClose). Herein we report the 24-month follow-up results of the VeClose trial.

Methods: There were 222 patients with symptomatic great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence who were randomly assigned to receive either CAC (n = 108) or RFA (n = 114).

Rehabilitation of patients with venous diseases of the lower limbs: State of the art.

Background: To date, no document comprehensively focused on the complex issue of the rehabilitation of chronic venous diseases of the lower limbs.

Method: This article overviews and summarizes current strategies concerning venous rehabilitation of lower limbs.

Results: Venous rehabilitation is based on four main strategies: (1) lifestyle adaptations and occupational therapies; (2) physical therapies; (3) adapted physical activities; (4) psychological and social support.

VeClose trial 12-month outcomes of cyanoacrylate closure versus radiofrequency ablation for incompetent great saphenous veins.

Objective: Endovenous cyanoacrylate closure (CAC) is a new U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy for treatment of clinically symptomatic venous reflux in saphenous veins.

Roll-in phase analysis of clinical study of cyanoacrylate closure for incompetent great saphenous veins.

Objective: Cyanoacrylate closure (CAC) was shown in the recently published VenaSeal Sapheon Closure System vs Radiofrequency Ablation for Incompetent Great Saphenous Veins (VeClose) randomized clinical study to be an effective and noninferior option (in terms of both safety and effectiveness) to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins. The objectives of this analysis were to report the efficacy and safety outcomes of the VeClose roll-in (training) group treated with CAC by physicians who had received device use training but had no prior treatment experience with the technique and to compare the outcomes with those from the randomized RFA and CAC groups.

Methods: The first two subjects at each participating site (n = 20) were roll-in cases (ie, not randomized but instead treated with CAC) to ensure the physician's familiarity with the procedure.

Randomized trial comparing cyanoacrylate embolization and radiofrequency ablation for incompetent great saphenous veins (VeClose).

Background: Whereas thermal ablation of incompetent saphenous veins is highly effective, all heat-based ablation techniques require the use of perivenous subfascial tumescent anesthesia, involving multiple needle punctures along the course of the target vein. Preliminary evidence suggests that cyanoacrylate embolization (CAE) may be effective in the treatment of incompetent great saphenous veins (GSVs). We report herein early results of a randomized trial of CAE vs radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of symptomatic incompetent GSVs.

Guidelines of the First International Consensus Conference on Endovenous Thermal Ablation for Varicose Vein Disease--ETAV Consensus Meeting 2012.

Aim: Endovenous thermal ablation (ETA) procedures are catheter-directed, ultrasound (US)-guided thermal methods for treatment in varicose veins disease. Radiofrequency, laser or steam energy thermally denatures vein wall collagen, leading first to vein wall inflammation, then fibrosis and finally to occlusion. The aim of this guideline is to give evidence-based recommendations for ETA procedures.

Incidence of side effects using carbon dioxide-oxygen foam for chemical ablation of superficial veins of the lower extremity.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of side effects following treatment of varicose veins with carbon dioxide-oxygen (CO(2)/O(2)) foam sclerotherapy, and to compare results with historical controls using CO(2)- or air-based foams.

Design: Cohort study with prospective data collection, private clinic setting.

Patients: The patient population consisted of one hundred patients, 95% women, age 52 SD 13 years-old, CEAP class C(2)EpAsPr.

Foam sclerotherapy: cardiac and cerebral monitoring.

Objectives: To investigate and review collected and reported transcutaneous ultrasound, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transcranial Doppler (TCD) data obtained during ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (USGFS) of incompetent saphenous, tributary and perforating veins of the lower extremities.

Methods: TTE and/or middle cerebral artery TCD were performed during USGFS. Ultrasound (US) findings and adverse events were recorded.

Comparisons of side effects using air and carbon dioxide foam for endovenous chemical ablation.

Objective: This clinical study evaluated prospectively adverse events immediately following ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for the treatment of lower extremity venous valvular insufficiency. Incidence of side effects associated with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) foam was compared with a historical control using air-based foam. The literature on the subject was reviewed.

Saphenous ablation: what are the choices, laser or RF energy.

Endovenous ablation has been reported to be safe and effective in eliminating the proximal portion of the great saphenous vein from the venous circulation, with faster recovery and better cosmetic results than surgical stripping. However, the definition of a successful outcome in the literature has not been uniform. As in a successful stripping procedure, complete elimination of at least the proximal portion of the great saphenous vein should also be the standard for these endovenous ablation procedures.