Low-energy diets before metabolic bariatric surgery: A systematic review of the effect on total body weight, liver volume, glycemia and side effects.

There is no consensus regarding energy content or duration of hypocaloric diets used for preoperative optimization of patients before metabolic bariatric surgery. In this systematic review, we aimed to compare the effect of different hypocaloric diets on reductions in total body weight, liver volume, glucose and insulin concentrations, and side effects. Six databases were searched for articles including adults with BMI ≥35 kg/m treated with hypocaloric diets before metabolic bariatric surgery.

Long-Term Incidence of Bradycardia and Pacemaker Implantations Among Cross-Country Skiers: A Cohort Study.

Background: Bradycardia is more common among well-trained athletes than in the general population, but the association with pacemaker implantations is less known. We investigated associations of endurance training with incidence of bradycardia and pacemaker implantations, including sex differences and long-term outcome, in a cohort of endurance trained individuals.

Methods: All Swedish skiers who completed >1 race in the cross-country skiing event Vasaloppet between 1989 and 2011 (n=209 108) and a sample of 532 290 nonskiers were followed until first event of bradycardia, pacemaker implantation, or death, depending on end point.

Maternal mental health disorders and offspring asthma and allergic diseases: The role of child mental health.

Background: Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy and postnatally has been shown to be associated with offspring atopic diseases (asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis). The aim of this study was to assess whether this association may be attributable to the child's own mental health disorders.

Method: The study population included 15,092 twin children born 2002-2010 in Sweden.

Female Groin Hernia Repairs in the Swedish Hernia Register 1992-2022: A Review With Updates.

Groin hernias in women is much less common than in men; it constitutes only 9% of all groin hernia operations. Historically, studies have been performed on men and the results applied to both genders. However, prospectively registered operations within national registers have contributed to new knowledge regarding groin hernias in women.

Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy vs Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are widely used bariatric procedures for which comparative efficacy and safety remain unclear.

Objective: To compare perioperative outcomes in SG and RYGB.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this registry-based, multicenter randomized clinical trial (Bypass Equipoise Sleeve Trial), baseline and perioperative data for patients undergoing bariatric surgery from October 6, 2015, to March 31, 2022, were analyzed.

Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: early follow-up of a randomized controlled study of primary fascial closure before mesh placement.

Background: Suturing of the hernia aperture in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair has increased during the past decade. The primary aim of this is to restore the anatomy of the abdominal wall. Closure of the aperture, however, may cause additional tension in the abdominal wall which could increase postoperative pain.

Glycemic variability and hypoglycemia before and after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy - A cohort study of females without diabetes.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) lead to lower fasting glucose concentrations, but might cause higher glycemic variability (GV) and increased risk of hypoglycemia. However, it has been sparsely studied in patients without preoperative diabetes under normal living conditions.

Objectives: To study 24-hour interstitial glucose (IG) concentrations, GV, the occurrence of hypoglycemia and dietary intake before and after laparoscopic RYGB and SG in females without diabetes.

Differences in Cholecystectomy Outcomes and Operating Time Between Male and Female Surgeons in Sweden.

Importance: Female surgeons are still in the minority worldwide, and highlighting gender differences in surgery is important in understanding and reducing inequities within the surgical specialty. Studies on different surgical procedures indicate equal results, or safer outcomes, for female surgeons, but it is still unclear whether surgical outcomes of gallstone surgery differ between female and male surgeons.

Objective: To examine the association of the surgeon's gender with surgical outcomes and operating time in elective and acute care cholecystectomies.

Symptom Duration, Recurrence, and Long-Term Effects of Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema: A 30-Month Follow-Up Study.

Background: Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) has been reported to subside within 24 to 48 h, but comprehensive follow-up studies on symptom duration and long-term effects are missing.

Research Question: What are the symptom duration, recurrence, and long-term effects of SIPE?

Study Design And Methods: A follow-up study was conducted, based on 165 cases of SIPE from Sweden's largest open-water swimming event with 26,125 individuals participating during 2017-2019. Data on patient characteristics, clinical findings, and symptoms were collected at admission.

High resection rates of colorectal liver metastases after standardized follow-up and multimodal management: an outcome study within the COLOFOL trial.

Background: Outcome after colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) resection has improved over time, despite increased resection rates. Hence, it's crucial to identify all patients possible to treat with curative intent. The objectives of this study were to map recurrence pattern, treatment strategy and survival depending on treatment and follow-up strategy.

Pre-pregnancy participation and performance in world's largest cross-country ski race as a proxy for physical exercise and fitness, and perinatal outcomes: Prospective registry-based cohort study.

Objective: Investigate associations between pre-pregnancy participation and performance in a demanding cross-country ski race (proxy for exercise volume and fitness) and perinatal outcomes. Pre-registered protocol: osf.io/aywg2.

Disability digital divide: survey of accessibility of eHealth services as perceived by people with and without impairment.

Background: Sustainable and effective eHealth requires accessibility for everyone. Little is known about how accessibility of eHealth is perceived among people with various impairments. The aim of this study was to compare use and perceived difficulty in the use of eHealth among people with and without impairment, and how different types of impairment were associated with perceived difficulty in the use of eHealth.

Outcome prediction for patients assessed by the medical emergency team: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Medical emergency teams (METs) have been implemented to reduce hospital mortality by the early recognition and treatment of potentially life-threatening conditions. The objective of this study was to establish a clinically useful association between clinical variables and mortality risk, among patients assessed by the MET, and further to design an easy-to-use risk score for the prediction of death within 30 days.

Methods: Observational retrospective register study in a tertiary university hospital in Sweden, comprising 2,601 patients, assessed by the MET from 2010 to 2015.

Association Between Inter-Recti Distance and Impaired Abdominal Core Function in Post-Partum Women With Diastasis Recti Abdominis.

The definition and management of Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA) is under debate. This study aimed to understand the correlation between the post-partum inter-recti distance (IRD) and functional impairments associated with core instability, with the hypothesis that IRD could serve as a proxy for core instability symptoms and constitute a tool in decision-making for DRA treatment. A cohort of post-partum women with abdominal core instability symptoms combined with DRA were studied.

Relationship between surgical volume and outcomes in elective and acute cholecystectomy: nationwide, observational study.

Background: High surgical volumes are attributed to improved quality of care, especially for extensive procedures. However, it remains unknown whether high-volume surgeons and hospitals have better results in gallstone surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether operative volume affects outcomes in cholecystectomies.

A physically active lifestyle is associated with lower long-term incidence of bipolar disorder in a population-based, large-scale study.

Background: Physical activity has been proposed to be beneficial for the symptomatic control of bipolar disorder, but the duration of the effects, sex-specific mechanisms, and impact of exercise intensity are not known.

Method: With an observational study design, we followed skiers and age and sex-matched non-skiers from the general population to investigate if participation in a long-distance cross-country ski race (Vasaloppet) was associated with a lower risk of getting diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Using the Swedish population and patient registries, skiers in Vasaloppet and age and sex-matched non-skiers from the general population were analyzed for any diagnosis of bipolar disorder after participation in the race.

The Impact of Hospital Level of Care on the Management of Acute Cholecystitis: a Population-Based Study.

Background: The organization of healthcare could have an impact on the outcome of patients treated for acute cholecystitis (AC). The aim of this study was to analyze the way in which patients with AC are managed relative to the level of care by the treating hospital.

Methods: Data were collected from the Swedish Register for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks).

Attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation situations and associations with potential influencing factors-A survey among in-hospital healthcare professionals.

Introduction: Attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among in-hospital healthcare professionals (HCPs) are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate attitudes towards CPR situations among in-hospital HCPs and assess associations with potential influencing factors.

Materials And Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 3,085 HCPs in 2009 and 2,970 HCPs in 2015-2016.

Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema: Evaluation of Prehospital Treatment With CPAP or Positive Expiratory Pressure Device.

Background: Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) occasionally occurs during swimming in cold open water. Although optimal treatment for SIPE is unknown, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) is an option for prehospital treatment.

Research Question: Is NPPV a feasible and safe prehospital treatment for SIPE, and which outcome measures reflect recovery after treatment?

Study Design And Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Vansbrosimningen, Sweden's largest open water swimming event, from 2017 through 2019.