Asthma patients' and physicians' perspectives on the burden and management of asthma.

Background: The 2021 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) report recommends as-needed inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/formoterol irrespective of severity, and maintenance and reliever treatment (MART) from GINA Step 3 as part of Treatment Track 1, partly based on the SYGMA studies. We investigated how current clinical practice in Australia, Canada, China and the Philippines relates to latest GINA recommendations.

Methods: Patients and physicians were recruited from online panels between July and August 2020 and invited to complete an online survey.

Coding Public Health Interventions for Health Technology Assessments: A Pilot Experience With WHO's International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI).

An important requirement for successful public health interventions is a standardized classification in order to make these health technologies comparable in all contexts and recognized by all parties. The WHO International Classification of Health Interventions (ICHI), including an integrated public health component, has been developed to propose such an international standard. To test (a) the translation of public health interventions to ICHI codes and (b) the technical handling and general coding in public health, we used a set of public health interventions from a recent cross-sectional survey among Health Technology Assessment professionals.

Global Trends and Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy: Findings from the iCARE Study.

The success of large-scale COVID-19 vaccination campaigns is contingent upon people being willing to receive the vaccine. Our study explored COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its correlates in eight different countries around the globe. We analyzed convenience sample data collected between March 2020 and January 2021 as part of the iCARE cross-sectional study.

Clustering of Unhealthy Behaviors: Protocol for a Multiple Behavior Analysis of Data From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Background: Health behaviors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, smoking tobacco, and alcohol use are leading risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases and play a central role in limiting health and life satisfaction. To date, however, health behaviors tend to be considered separately from one another, resulting in guidelines and interventions for healthy aging siloed by specific behaviors and often focused only on a given health behavior without considering the co-occurrence of family, social, work, and other behaviors of everyday life.

Objective: The aim of this study is to understand how behaviors cluster and how such clusters are associated with physical and mental health, life satisfaction, and health care utilization may provide opportunities to leverage this co-occurrence to develop and evaluate interventions to promote multiple health behavior changes.

Barriers and facilitators to influenza and pneumococcal vaccine hesitancy in rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Immunization is an essential component of RA care. Nevertheless, vaccine coverage in RA is suboptimal. Contextual, individual and vaccine-related factors influence vaccine acceptance.

Physician's perspective regarding asthma guided self-management: directives or guidance?

Introduction: Asthma guided self-management enhances patients' control of their condition under the guidance of the treating physician. The aim of the present study was to understand how physicians perceive, endorse, uptake, and support asthma guided self-management.

Methods: We conducted a secondary supplementary analysis of data originally collected as part of a multicenter collective case study in which physicians treating patients with asthma were interviewed.

Anthropometric and Biochemical Measures in Bariatric Surgery Candidates: What Is the Role of Inflammatory Potential of Diet?

Background: The present study aimed to assess dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), dietary phytochemical intake (PI), and dietary inflammatory index (DII) in patients with morbid obesity who are candidates of bariatric surgery and their association with anthropometric and biochemical parameters.

Methods And Materials: One hundred seventy patients with morbid obesity who were referred to surgery clinic of Firoozgar Hospital were enrolled in the study. Ideal body weight and adjusted ideal body weight were calculated.

International assessment of the link between COVID-19 related attitudes, concerns and behaviours in relation to public health policies: optimising policy strategies to improve health, economic and quality of life outcomes (the iCARE Study).

Introduction: In the context of a highly contagious virus with only recently approved vaccines and no cure, the key to slowing the spread of the COVID-19 disease and successfully transitioning through the phases of the pandemic, including vaccine uptake, is public adherence to rapidly evolving behaviour-based public health policies. The overall objective of the iCARE Study is to assess public awareness, attitudes, concerns and behavioural responses to COVID-19 public health policies, and their impacts, on people around the world and to link behavioural survey data with policy, mobility and case data to provide behavioural science, data-driven recommendations to governments on how to optimise current policy strategies to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods And Analyses: The iCARE study (www.

The need for exercise sciences and an integrated response to COVID-19: A position statement from the international HL-PIVOT network.

COVID-19 is one of the biggest health crises that the world has seen. Whilst measures to abate transmission and infection are ongoing, there continues to be growing numbers of patients requiring chronic support, which is already putting a strain on health care systems around the world and which may do so for years to come. A legacy of COVID-19 will be a long-term requirement to support patients with dedicated rehabilitation and support services.

Identifying and addressing psychosocial determinants of adherence to physical distancing guidance during the COVID-19 pandemic - project protocol.

Optimising public health physical distancing measures has been a critical part of the global response to the spread of COVID-19. Evidence collected during the current pandemic shows that the transmission rate of the virus is significantly reduced following implementation of intensive physical distancing measures. Adherence to these recommendations has been poorer than adherence to other key transmission reduction behaviours such as handwashing.

Core Competencies in Cancer Genomics for Healthcare Professionals: Results From a Systematic Literature Review and a Delphi Process.

The continuous development and use of genomic sequencing requires healthcare professionals to constantly integrate these advancements into their clinical practice. There is a documented lack of cancer genomics contents in the teaching and learning programs. We aimed to identify the core competencies in cancer genomics for non-genetic healthcare professionals.

Behavioral weight management interventions in metabolic and bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating optimal delivery timing.

Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) yields unprecedented clinical outcomes, though variability is high in weight change and health benefits. Behavioral weight management (BWM) interventions may optimize MBS outcomes. However, there is a lack of an evidence base to inform their use in practice, particularly regarding optimal delivery timing.

Grape seed extract supplementation along with a restricted-calorie diet improves cardiovascular risk factors in obese or overweight adult individuals: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Grape seed extract (GSE) is a flavonoid-rich supplement, recently discussed as a potential moderator of inflammation and obesity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of GSE supplementation along with a restricted-calorie diet (RCD), on changes in blood lipid profile, visceral adiposity index (VAI), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP). We designed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Understanding factors associated with vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a scoping literature review.

Due to higher risk of complications associated with vaccine-preventable infections (e.g., influenza, pneumococcus), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are a priority group for vaccination.

Evaluating Public Health Interventions: A Neglected Area in Health Technology Assessment.

Public health (PH) interventions are crucial for ensuring sustainable healthcare services. Nevertheless, they represent a neglected area in the field of health technology assessment (HTA) due to various methodological issues and their complex design that goes beyond clinical setting. The present study provides an environmental scan of HTA initiatives related to the assessment of PH technologies on a global level.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 Comprehensive Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, Risk Assessment, and Treatment of Hypertension in Adults and Children.

Hypertension Canada's 2020 guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment of hypertension in adults and children provide comprehensive, evidence-based guidance for health care professionals and patients. Hypertension Canada develops the guidelines using rigourous methodology, carefully mitigating the risk of bias in our process. All draft recommendations undergo critical review by expert methodologists without conflict to ensure quality.

European citizens' perspectives on direct-to-consumer genetic testing: an updated systematic review.

Background: Direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTC-GTs) are genetic tests for a medical or non-medical trait that are sold directly to the public, usually ordered without the engagement of a healthcare professional. Our aim was to explore the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors toward DTC-GTs among European citizens.

Methods: We updated the most recent systematic review on citizens' perspectives toward DTC-GTs.

Evaluation of Communication Skills Among Physicians: A Systematic Review of Existing Assessment Tools.

Objective: The importance of physician training in communication skills for motivating patients to adopt a healthy life-style and optimize clinical outcomes is increasingly recognized. This study inventoried and systematically reviewed the psychometric properties of, and the skills assessed by, existing assessment tools used to evaluate communication skills among physicians.

Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42018091932).

An international Delphi consensus study to define motivational communication in the context of developing a training program for physicians.

Poor health behaviors (e.g., smoking, poor diet, and physical inactivity) are major risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs).

Behavioural interventions targeting physical activity improve psychocognitive outcomes in COPD.

This study explored the impact of a self-management behaviour modification (SMBM) programme with/without bronchodilators and with/without exercise training (ExT) to improve daily physical activity on psychological and cognitive outcomes in COPD patients as a secondary analysis of the PHYSACTO trial. A 12-week, four-group, randomised, partially double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial of SMBM in addition to tiotropium 5 µg, tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 µg, tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 µg plus ExT, or placebo was conducted in 304 patients. Outcomes included anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-A), depression (HADS-D and Patient-Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9) and cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)).