Comparative early effectiveness across 14 PsA drugs and 5 classes of PsA treatment: 3-month results from the PRO-SPIRIT study.

Background: The psoriatic arthritis (PsA) Observational Study of Persistence of Treatment (PRO-SPIRIT) assesses effectiveness and persistence of real-world PsA treatments. Ixekizumab (IXE) is an interleukin (IL)-17A inhibitor (i) (IL-17Ai), approved for the treatment of adult PsA.

Methods: The aim of this predefined interim analysis was to report baseline characteristics along with early (3-month) descriptive and comparative real-world effectiveness in patients with PsA prescribed with advanced treatment including IL-17Ai; IXE or secukinumab (SEC), IL-12/23i, IL-23i, tumour necrosis factor (TNFi) or Janus kinase (JAKi).

Biliary tract cancers: French national clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatments and follow-up (TNCD, SNFGE, FFCD, UNICANCER, GERCOR, SFCD, SFED, AFEF, SFRO, SFP, SFR, ACABi, ACHBPT).

Introduction: This document is a summary of the French intergroup guidelines of the management of biliary tract cancers (BTC) (intrahepatic, perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinomas, and gallbladder carcinomas) published in September 2023, available on the website of the French Society of Gastroenterology (SNFGE) (www.tncd.org).

Hepatotoxicity of Drugs Used in Multiple Sclerosis, Diagnostic Challenge, and the Role of HLA Genotype Susceptibility.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and the association with other autoimmune diseases is well-documented. There are many therapeutic options for the treatment of MS. Most of the available drugs cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI) to variable extents with heterogeneous clinical and biological manifestations, including liver injury with or without signs of hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.

Factors Associated with and Prognosis Impact of Perceived Sleep Quality and Estimated Quantity in Patients Receiving Non-Invasive Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Failure.

Background. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine factors associated with impaired sleep and (2) to evaluate the relationship between impaired sleep and the outcome. Methods.

A scoping review of education and training interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Objective: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder. Living with ASD requires that individuals and parents develop skills in order to cope with daily life. Education interventions are recommended to support them.

Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy: New Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

In the last 5 years, the landscape of oncologic treatment has been deeply modified with the development and use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that exert their antitumoral effect by reverting the exhausted phenotype of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This innovative therapeutic strategy has widely changed the prognosis of some advanced neoplastic diseases such as melanoma and lung cancer, providing durable remission for a significant number of patients. Unfortunately, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), especially ICI-induced hepatitis, may be very severe in some cases, impairing the prognosis of the patient.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Yttrium-90 Glass Microspheres in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Practice: Protocol for the Prospective PROACTIF Phase IV Registry Study in France.

Primary Objective: Recently, selective internal radiation therapy using yttrium-90 (Y90) glass microspheres (TheraSphere™) was approved for reimbursement by health authorities in France. The PROACTIF study aims to gather data on effectiveness, patient quality of life, and safety with use of Y90 glass microspheres in real-world clinical settings in France.

Inclusion Criteria: Patient with a diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC), and/or metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who was treated with a dose of Y90 glass microspheres that has been reimbursed in France and who do not oppose use of their personal medical data.

Cardiovascular Events, Sleep Apnoea, and Pulmonary Hypertension in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Data from the French Health Insurance Database.

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease, associated with a high risk of lymphoma. Mounting evidence suggests that cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are higher in patients with pSS, although data are heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to assess whether pSS patients are at higher risk of hospitalisation for cardiovascular events (CVEs), venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and sleep apnoea syndrome (SAS).

CIRSE Standards of Practice on Hepatic Transarterial Chemoembolisation.

This CIRSE Standards of Practice document is aimed at interventional radiologists and provides best practices for performing transarterial chemoembolisation. It has been developed by an expert writing group under the guidance of the CIRSE Standards of Practice Committee. It will encompass all technical details reflecting European practice of different TACE procedures (Lp-TACE, DEM-TACE, DSM-TACE, b-TACE) as well as revising the existing literature on the various clinical indications (HCC, mCRC, ICC, NET).

Anticancer Drugs for Intra-Arterial Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases: In-Vitro Screening after Short Exposure Time.

To treat colorectal liver metastases, intra-arterial chemotherapies may complete therapeutic arsenal. Drugs using intra-arterially are very heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to select the most efficient drug on a panel of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (Caco-2, HCT 116, HT 29, SW 48, SW 480, SW 620) exposed for 30 min to 12 cytotoxic agents (doxorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, 5-FU, raltitrexed, gemcitabine, cisplatin, oxaliplatin, mitomycin C, irinotecan, streptozocin, paclitaxel) at different concentrations.

Large-scale screening of lipase acid deficiency in at risk population.

Background: Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD, OMIM#278000) is a rare lysosomal disorder with an autosomal recessive inheritance. The main clinical manifestations are related to a progressive accumulation of cholesteryl esters, triglycerides or both within the lysosome in different organs such as the liver, spleen, and cardiovascular system. A wide range of clinical severity is associated with LALD including a severe very rare antenatal/neonatal/infantile phenotype named Wolman disease and a late-onset form named cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD).

Long-term safety and efficacy of lomitapide in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: Five-year data from the Lomitapide Observational Worldwide Evaluation Registry (LOWER).

Background: Lomitapide is a lipid-lowering agent indicated as adjunct therapy for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) in adults.

Objective: The Lomitapide Observational Worldwide Evaluation Registry is an international, observational registry assessing long-term safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of lomitapide.

Methods: This analysis examines 5-year data from the registry up to February 28, 2019.

Flare of Antiphospholipid Syndrome in the Course of COVID-19.

We report the case of a 48-year-old man followed since 2013 for primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APLS) revealed by venous thromboembolism in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APL-Abs, anticardiolipin and anti-β-2-glycoprotein-1), who decompensated in the course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Despite efficient anticoagulation, he suffered bilateral adrenal glands hemorrhage and limb arterial ischemia. The tropism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 for endothelium can lead to microangiopathy and increased risk for thrombosis.

The Plasmatic Aldosterone and C-Reactive Protein Levels, and the Severity of Covid-19: The Dyhor-19 Study.

Background: The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the Covid-19 pandemic, uses the angiotensin converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2), a physiological inhibitor of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), as a cellular receptor to infect cells. Since the RAAS can induce and modulate pro-inflammatory responses, it could play a key role in the pathophysiology of Covid-19. Thus, we aimed to determine the levels of plasma renin and aldosterone as indicators of RAAS activation in a series of consecutively admitted patients for Covid-19 in our clinic.

Mastitis in Autoimmune Diseases: Review of the Literature, Diagnostic Pathway, and Pathophysiological Key Players.

Mastitis frequently affects women of childbearing age. Of all the pathological breast conditions requiring specific management, autoimmune mastitis is in the third position after infection and breast cancer. The aim of this literature review was to make a comprehensive description of autoimmune diseases targeting the mammary gland.

Management of cancer-related thrombosis in the era of direct oral anticoagulants: A comprehensive review of the 2019 ITAC-CME clinical practice guidelines. On behalf of the Groupe Francophone Thrombose et Cancer (GFTC).

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common disease complication in cancer patients and the second cause of death after cancer progression. VTE management and prophylaxis are critical in cancer patients, but effective therapy can be challenging because these patients are at higher risk of VTE recurrence and bleeding under anticoagulant treatment. Numerous published studies report inconsistent implementation of existing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPG), including underutilization of thromboprophylaxis, and wide variability in clinical practice patterns across different countries and various practitioners.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Biomarkers, Requirements, Candidates, and Validation.

The hepatotoxicity of drugs is the main cause of drug withdrawal from the pharmaceutical market and interruption of the development of new molecules. Biomarkers are useful in several situations. In case of suspected drug-induced liver injury (DILI), biomarkers can be used to confirm liver damage, its severity, prognosis, confirm drug causality, or define the type of DILI.

The oncogenic and druggable hPG80 (Progastrin) is overexpressed in multiple cancers and detected in the blood of patients.

Background: In colorectal cancer, hPG80 (progastrin) is released from tumor cells, promotes cancer stem cells (CSC) self-renewal and is detected in the blood of patients. Because the gene GAST that encodes hPG80 is a target gene of oncogenic pathways that are activated in many tumor types, we hypothesized that hPG80 could be expressed by tumors from various origins other than colorectal cancers, be a drug target and be detectable in the blood of these patients.

Methods: hPG80 expression was monitored by fluorescent immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression in tumors from various origins.

Antiviral (Hepatitis C Virus) Drug-Drug Interaction Leading to Dramatic Underestimation of Liver Function With 99mTc-Mebrofenin Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy.

There is a growing interest in assessment of future remnant liver function with Tc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy before major hepatectomy to estimate the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure. We illustrate the case of a 42-year-old woman with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer who performed hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Tc-mebrofenin clearance rate of the total liver was considerably low.

Respective contribution of intensive care unit-acquired limb muscle and severe diaphragm weakness on weaning outcome and mortality: a post hoc analysis of two cohorts.

Background: Intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) and ICU-acquired diaphragm dysfunction (ICU-DD) occur frequently in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients. It is unknown whether they have different risk factors and different impacts on outcome. This study was designed to (1) describe the respective risk factors associated with ICU-AW and severe ICU-DD and (2) evaluate the respective impact of ICU-AW and severe ICU-DD on outcome.