High-load and low-volume warm-up increases performance in a resistance training session.

Introduction: A warm-up is recommended prior to performing a resistance training workout. Understanding the dose-response effect of warm-up load intensities can contribute to subsequent workout performance. The aim of this study was to compare different warm-up load intensities on subsequent resistance training volume in a workout.

Sex Differences in Neuromuscular Adaptations Following 12 Weeks of Kettlebell Swing Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are sex differences in strength, power, and muscular endurance gains following a 12-week kettlebell swing protocol. Twenty-eight men (29.4 ± 7.

Comparison of different periodization models on isotonic and isokinetic muscle strength and lean mass in tactical athletes.

Introduction: Tactical athletes need to develop strength and lower limb lean mass (LL LM) to perform effectively. Resistance training (RT) is the most effective way to achieve these goals. Two periodization models stand out: traditional linear periodization (TLP) and daily undulating periodization (DUP).

Depleting myeloid-biased haematopoietic stem cells rejuvenates aged immunity.

Ageing of the immune system is characterized by decreased lymphopoiesis and adaptive immunity, and increased inflammation and myeloid pathologies. Age-related changes in populations of self-renewing haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are thought to underlie these phenomena. During youth, HSCs with balanced output of lymphoid and myeloid cells (bal-HSCs) predominate over HSCs with myeloid-biased output (my-HSCs), thereby promoting the lymphopoiesis required for initiating adaptive immune responses, while limiting the production of myeloid cells, which can be pro-inflammatory.

Titin is a nucleolar protein in neurons.

Titin is the largest protein produced by living cells and its function as a molecular spring in striated muscle is well characterized (1, 2). Here we demonstrate that titin isoforms in the same size range as found in muscle are prominent neuronal proteins in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, including motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain. Within these neurons, titin localizes to the dense fibrillar component of the nucleolus, the site of ribosomal RNA biogenesis and modification, and a critical site of dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease (3-5).

Are Self-Selected Intervals as Effective as Fixed Intervals in Controlling Acute Responses in High-Intensity Interval Resistance Training?

Physical conditioning programs often apply high-intensity resistance training (HIRT), but there is a lack of research investigating the effects of using fixed or self-selected resting intervals between exercises on the performance, relative intensity, and affective perception during this modality of training. This study compared fixed versus self-selected rest intervals in HIRT sessions on cardiorespiratory responses, number of repetitions, and enjoyment perception in trained young men. Sixteen trained males (27.

Postactivation performance enhancement in the vertical jump using loads above or below the optimum-power load for a jump squat.

Background: Postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) is an acute response of increased muscle performance following a conditioning activity (CA), generally prescribed based on the percentage of a one-repetition maximum. However, it is unknown how the PAPE response is affected when the CA is performed near the optimum power zone. The purpose of this study was to examine PAPE using loads that were 20% above or below the optimum-power load (OPL).

Reduction of retinal ganglion cell death in mouse models of familial dysautonomia using AAV-mediated gene therapy and splicing modulators.

Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disease caused by a splicing mutation in the Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex Subunit 1 (ELP1) gene. The reduction in ELP1 mRNA and protein leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and visual impairment in all FD patients. Currently patient symptoms are managed, but there is no treatment for the disease.

Effects of Medicine Wall Ball Throws With Whole-Body Vibration on Bat Swing Performance in Collegiate Baseball Players.

Buso, D, Willardson, JM, and Shafer, AB. Research note: Effects of medicine wall ball throws with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in collegiate baseball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 2071-2075, 2023-The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of medicine ball wall throws performed with whole-body vibration on bat swing performance in 13 highly trained collegiate baseball players.

Effect of Static Stretching on Agonists, Antagonists, and Agonist-Antagonist Combination on Total Training Volume.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of static stretching (SS) of agonists and antagonists between sets on the total training volume (TTV) performed across multiple sets for the leg extension exercise. Twelve male subjects with experience in resistance training (RT) participated in this study. Subjects performed 10 repetition maximum (10RM) test and retest trials for the leg extension exercise.

Individual level spatial-temporal modelling of exposure potential of livestock in the Cove Wash watershed, Arizona.

Personal exposure studies suffer from uncertainty issues, largely stemming from individual behavior uncertainties. Built on spatial-temporal exposure analysis and methods, this study proposed a novel approach to spatial-temporal modeling that incorporated behavior classifications taking into account uncertainties, to estimate individual livestock exposure potential. The new approach was applied in a community-based research project with a Tribal community in the southwest United States.

Administration of ketamine/xylazine increases severity of influenza (A/Puerto Rico/8/34) in mice.

The use of ketamine/xylazine for its anesthetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-depressant properties could alter other medications and immune functions of the body. Thus, the current study explored how ketamine/xylazine affects the severity of influenza infection in BALB/c and C57Bl/6 mice, monitored for weight loss after intranasal inoculation with A/Puerto Rico/8/34 influenza virus. Mice were inoculated by using a micropipettor to insert 18 μL of control or a suspension of virus into each nostril and allowing the mouse to inhale the material.

Effects of Different Recovery Modalities on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, Recovery Perceptions, and Performance Following a Bout of High-Intensity Functional Training.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the foam rolling technique and static stretching on perceptual and neuromuscular parameters following a bout of high-intensity functional training (HIFT), which consisted of 100 pull-ups, 100 push-ups, 100 sit-ups, and 100 air squats (Angie benchmark) in recreationally trained men ( = 39). Following baseline measurements (Feeling Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Total Quality Recovery, Sit-and-Reach, Countermovement Jump, and Change-of-Direction -test), the volunteers performed a single bout of HIFT. At the end of the session, participants were randomly assigned to one of three distinct groups: control (CONT), foam rolling (FR), or static stretching (SS).

Conceptual comparison of constructs as first step in data harmonization: Parental sensitivity, child temperament, and social support as illustrations.

This article presents a strategy for the initial step of data harmonization in Individual Participant Data syntheses, i.e., making decisions as to which measures operationalize the constructs of interest - and which do not.

Effects of Differing Foam Rolling Periods on Training Volume and Myoelectric Responses of Lower-Body Muscles.

Santana, HG, Paz, GA, Willardson, JM, de Araújo Farias, D, and Miranda, H. Effects of differing foam rolling periods on training volume and myoelectric responses of lower-body muscles. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3311-3318, 2022-Foam rolling (FR) is a practice that has increased in popularity before and after resistance training.

Manipulating Resistance Training Variables to Induce Muscle Strength and Hypertrophy: A Brief Narrative Review.

The regular practice of resistance training (RT) has been shown to induce relevant increases in both muscle strength and size. In order to maximize these adaptations, the proper manipulation of RT variables is warranted. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to review the available literature that has examined the application of the acute training variables and their influence on strength and morphological adaptations of healthy young adults.

Elongator regulates the melanocortin satiety pathway.

This study investigates the function of Elp1 and Elongator in the pituitary gland. Two conditional knockout models were generated where Elp1 was selectively deleted in either somatotropes of the anterior pituitary or Pomc-expressing cells of the anterior and intermediate pituitary. Although loss of Elp1 in somatotropes did not significantly impact murine growth or development, its loss in Pomc-expressing cells resulted in dramatically reduced levels of α-MSH, hyperphagia and obesity.

Effect of Different Numbers of Interset Antagonist Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching on the Total Number of Repetitions for the Agonists.

Recent studies have observed that stretching applied to antagonist muscles can promote improvement in agonist muscle performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different numbers of interset proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching for the antagonists on the total number of repetitions completed for the agonists (quadriceps) in the leg extension exercise. Fourteen physically active individuals (age: 29.

Effects of Six-week Periodized Versus Non-Periodized Kettlebell Swing Training on Strength, Power and Muscular Endurance.

The purpose of this study was to compare a periodized versus a non-periodized protocol of kettlebell (KTB) swings over six weeks on strength, power, and muscular endurance. Twenty-eight high intensity functional training (HIFT) practitioners were assigned to non-periodized (NPG = 11), periodized (PG = 11), or control groups (CG = 6). NPG used the same load (20 kg) throughout the training period while the PG used a step loading progression (with an added four kilograms every two weeks).

Correlation between lower limb and trunk muscle endurance with drop vertical jump in the special military forces.

Objective: Police officers, particularly the ones who are trained to be on "special forces", perform a wide range of hazardous and physically demanding activities when aiming to protect and serve. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between lower limb and trunk muscle endurance with drop vertical jump (DVJ) height in a special military police force.

Methods: One hundred and three male military men (age: 36 ± 5.

Elp1 is required for development of visceral sensory peripheral and central circuitry.

Cardiovascular instability and a blunted respiratory drive in hypoxic conditions are hallmark features of the genetic sensory and autonomic neuropathy, familial dysautonomia (FD). FD results from a mutation in the gene ELP1, the encoded protein of which is a scaffolding subunit of the six-subunit Elongator complex. In mice, we and others have shown that Elp1 is essential for the normal development of neural crest-derived dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons.

Association between handgrip strength and body composition, physical fitness, and biomarkers in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

Objectives: This study examined the association between handgrip strength and body composition, physical fitness, and biomarkers in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A total of 75 postmenopausal women were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome participated in this study. Muscle strength was assessed via a hydraulic grip strength dynamometer; physical fitness tests included a timed-up-and-go, arm curl test, and 30-s chair stand.

Sex moderated and RSA mediated effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on behavior problems at age 7.

This study was designed to assess whether prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) is associated with sex differences in behavior problems in middle childhood and whether there are sex differences in the way in which parasympathetic functioning mediates the relations between PCE and behavior problems within a diverse low-income sample. Participants included 164 high risk mother-child dyads including 89 PC exposed children and 75 control children participating in an ongoing longitudinal study. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) was measured to assess parasympathetic functioning at 13 months of age and maternal reports of child behavior problems were collected at 7 years of age.