Clinical characteristics of suspected cases of human mpox (monkeypox) in Katako-Kombe, Democratic Republic of the Congo 2023: challenges and key responses.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of suspected cases of human mpox in one of the most affected health zones, Katako-Kombe, Sankuru Province, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Also, to identify key challenges to prevent and improve the health of the affected community.

Methods: Between January 26, 2023 and November 30, 2023, the DRC reported its highest incidence of mpox cases,with a total of 12,569 suspected cases in 156 health zones from 22 of the 26 country's provinces.

Effectiveness of Tecovirimat in Mpox Cases: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, has re-emerged as a significant global health concern, particularly during the widespread outbreak of 2022. As an orthopoxvirus related to the eradicated smallpox virus, mpox has been primarily managed with smallpox vaccines and treatments, including the antiviral agent Tecovirimat. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tecovirimat in treating mpox, focusing on its use during the 2022 outbreak, especially among high-risk populations, including men who have sex with men and people living with HIV.

Monkeypox (Mpox): Diagnosis and Emerging Challenges.

Monkeypox (Mpox) has once again been designated a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) as of August, 2024. The severity of the disease is underscored by its significant mortality rate, and unfortunately, there are no targeted therapeutics currently available for this viral infection. Management relies on preventive measures and the use of existing smallpox vaccines due to their genetic similarity to the Mpox virus.

CDCM: a correlation-dependent connectivity map approach to rapidly screen drugs during outbreaks of infectious diseases.

In the context of the global damage caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the emergence of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak as a public health emergency of international concern, research into methods that can rapidly test potential therapeutics during an outbreak of a new infectious disease is urgently needed. Computational drug discovery is an effective way to solve such problems. The existence of various large open databases has mitigated the time and resource consumption of traditional drug development and improved the speed of drug discovery.

Detecting Monkeypox Virus by Immunohistochemistry.

Background: Mpox (formerly known as monkeypox), a zoonotic disease caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV), has become an international outbreak since May 2022. Mpox often presents with a mild systemic illness and a characteristic vesiculopustular skin eruption. In addition to molecular testing, histopathology of cutaneous lesions usually shows distinctive findings, such as epidermal necrosis, balloon degeneration, papillary dermal edema, and focal dermal necrosis, which have proven helpful in the diagnosis of mpox.

Nucleotide analogues and mpox: Repurposing the repurposable.

While the COVID-19 crisis is still ongoing, a new public health threat has emerged with recent outbreaks of monkeypox (mpox) infections in Africa. Mass vaccination is not currently recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and antiviral treatments are yet to be specifically approved for mpox, although existing FDA-approved drugs (Tecovirimat, Brincidofovir, and Cidofovir) may be used in severe cases or for immunocompromised patients. A first-line of defense is thus drug repurposing, which was heavily attempted against SARS-CoV-2 - albeit with limited success.

Burden and predictors of M-pox suspected cases in a rural setting of Cameroon: implications for developing countries.

Introduction: M-pox is a re-emerging pathogen that is spreading rapidly in developing countries, presenting a serious health risk. Data are scarce on M-pox and its determinants in endemic countries such as Cameroon. This study aimed to assess the epidemiological burden and factors linked to the resurgence of M-pox in high-risk communities in Cameroon.

Small molecule protein assembly modulators with pan-cancer therapeutic efficacy.

Two structurally unrelated small molecule chemotypes, represented by compounds PAV-617 and PAV-951, with antiviral activity in cell culture against Mpox virus (formerly known as monkeypox virus) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) respectively, were studied for anti-cancer efficacy. Each exhibited apparent pan-cancer cytotoxicity with reasonable pharmacokinetics. Non-toxicity is demonstrated in a non-cancer cell line and in mice at doses achieving drug exposure at active concentrations.

TMS: Ensemble Deep Learning Model for Accurate Classification of Monkeypox Lesions Based on Transformer Models with SVM.

Background/objectives: The emergence of monkeypox outside its endemic region in Africa has raised significant concerns within the public health community due to its rapid global dissemination. Early clinical differentiation of monkeypox from similar diseases, such as chickenpox and measles, presents a challenge. The Monkeypox Skin Lesion Dataset (MSLD) used in this study comprises monkeypox skin lesions, which were collected primarily from publicly accessible sources.

Immunoinformatics approach: Developing a multi-epitope vaccine with novel carriers targeting monkeypox virus.

Since May 2022, the global spread of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has presented a significant threat to public health. Despite this, there are limited preventive measures available. In this study, different computational tools were employed to design a multi-epitope vaccine targeting MPXV.

Monkeypox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Outcomes, Public Health Implications, and Security Measures.

Background: The Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, is responsible for the zoonotic disease known as MPX. Primarily found in western and central Africa, emerging studies indicate a shift in transmission dynamics. Ongoing MPX outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) have escalated into significant public health concerns.

Structure-based drug designing for potential antiviral activity of selected natural product against Monkeypox (Mpox) virus and its host targets.

Unlabelled: (MPV/MPXV/hMPXV) is a zoonotic infection that is a causative agent of monkeypox disease, which is mainly endemic in West and Central Africa regions, but recent trends suggested that the virus is transmitted around 116 countries worldwide and is still spreading in multiple non-endemic countries, causing global outbreaks. The current therapeutic options for Mpox are limited, with the WHO temporarily recommending smallpox drugs. This suggests an urgent need to discover new therapeutics that may target both viral and host markers involved in the virus life cycle.

Concurrent outbreaks of mpox in Africa-an update.

In this Review, we examine the concurrent outbreaks of mpox in Africa, focusing on clade 1a, the newly emerged clade 1b, and clade 2b lineage A, and how they differ from the 2022 global outbreak caused by clade 2b lineage B.1. Historically, clades 1a and 2a have caused sporadic, small outbreaks in central and west Africa, respectively, primarily through zoonotic transmission.

Monkeypox: A comprehensive review on mutation, transmission, pathophysiology, and therapeutics.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of the monkeypox (Mpox) disease, belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Due to the recent re-emergence of Mpox in 2024, this is the second time when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared Mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). This review intends to offer an in-depth analysis of Mpox, including its key characteristics, epidemiological, mutation, pathophysiology, transmission, and therapeutics.

Mpox (Monkeypox) On Board a Naval Warship.

We report a case of mpox in an active duty male on board a naval warship, who presented with a chancre-like penile lesion and ulcerating lymphadenopathy in the setting of a nonreactive treponemal test. Despite empirical therapy for sexually transmitted infections, he developed a fever and a generalized pustular rash. The patient was placed in isolation, and contact tracing was performed.

A new method for the estimation of stochastic epidemic descriptors reinforced by Kalman-based dynamic parameter estimation. Application to mpox data.

In the realm of epidemiology, it is essential to accurately assess epidemic phenomena through the adoption of innovative techniques that yield reliable predictions. This article introduces an advanced method that merges the Extended Kalman Filter approach with recursive algorithms to compute critical stochastic attributes important for evaluating epidemics. A new three-dimensional discrete Markov process is presented, according to which the total number of infections, deaths, and the duration of epidemic outbreaks are estimated.

Towards an Ethical Analysis of Research in One Health (EAROH).

The COVID-19 and Monkeypox pandemics and the ongoing Marburg outbreak in Rwanda provide a stark reminder of the importance of espousing a One Health (OH) approach to zoonoses as well as other public health and global health issues. Recent years have in fact seen an exponential rise in biomedical and public health journals and publications explicitly adopting the name of OH. Not all research that pertains to be OH however is indeed OH research, insofar as it does not comply with the proclaimed OH goals of benefiting humans, animals, and the environment.

Toxicity on Social Media During the 2022 Mpox Public Health Emergency: Quantitative Study of Topical and Network Dynamics.

Background: Toxicity on social media, encompassing behaviors such as harassment, bullying, hate speech, and the dissemination of misinformation, has become a pressing social concern in the digital age. Its prevalence intensifies during periods of social crises and unrest, eroding a sense of safety and community. Such toxic environments can adversely impact the mental well-being of those exposed and further deepen societal divisions and polarization.

[Epidemiological surveillance: review of data from the Febrile Unit of the Muñiz Hospital 2020-2024].

The appearance of epidemiological events that threaten the health system marked the importance of responses that go beyond the dissemination of information and since the COVID-19 pandemic, the Government of the City of Buenos Aires (Argentina) proposed an epidemiological surveillance model in devices called Febrile Units (UF). At the Muñiz Hospital, this unit provided epidemiological surveillance strategies in the pandemic and the different epidemics and outbreaks, still continuing its operation today. The objective of this work is to evaluate the implementation of the Febril Unit as an epidemiological surveillance structure.

Nail Disorders in Patients Living with HIV Coinfected with Monkeypox: A Clinical Study in 69 Mexican Cases.

Introduction: Several infectious diseases can present nail manifestations, which may be useful for diagnosis and prognosis, and only a few reports have been made regarding monkeypox (mpox). The objective of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of nail alterations in patients living with HIV coinfected with mpox.

Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study included patients living with HIV/AIDS, coinfected with mpox.

Rising epidemiological trends in prevalence and mortality of mpox: Global insights and analysis.

Objectives: To explore the global epidemiological trends in the prevalence and mortality due to mpox in various regions worldwide.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study the data about mpox outbreak were recorded by the "World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and GSAID" from August 2023 to August 2024, analyzing the epidemiological trends from different countries worldwide.

Results: The total number of mpox cases has reached 99,518 (95,196 cases from 115 countries that have not historically reported mpox; and 4,322 cases from 07 states that have traditionally reported mpox), from a total of 122 countries.

Efficacy of laundry practices in eliminating monkeypox virus (MPXV) from fabrics.

Background: The declaration of mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern highlights the need for interventions to interrupt virus transmission, including transmission via fabrics. Current World Health Organization guidance on clothes washing is based on a general consensus of virus inactivation; however, there is uncertainty about the efficacy of laundry detergents and disinfectants or the reduction of risk achieved by washing clothes for monkeypox virus (MPXV) specifically.

Methods: This study investigates the efficacy of manual washing for inactivating MPXV from clothes.