Childhood burn injury in the ger districts of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: an analysis of parent narratives.

Childhood burns pose a significant public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income nations, where the burden is pronounced. Mongolia stands out for its elevated rates of burn-related child mortality, especially among 1 to 5-year-olds. Despite this, there is a lack of research on the current status of childhood burns in Ulaanbaatar.

Analyzing blank cutting edge efficiency associated with the adoption of microblade technology: A case study from Tolbor-17, Mongolia.

The phenomenon of lithic miniaturization during the Late Pleistocene at times coincided with increased artifact standardization and cutting edge efficiency-likely reflecting the use of small, sharp artifacts as interchangeable inserts for composite cutting tools and hunting weapons. During Marine Isotope Stage 2, Upper Paleolithic toolmakers in northern East Asia specifically used pressure techniques to make small, highly standardized lithic artifacts called microblades. However, little is currently known about how microblades affected the cutting edge efficiency of the toolkits they were a part of.

Complete genome sequence of a new virus, a tentative member of the family Geminiviridae, infecting hedge bindweed (Calystegia sepium) in South Korea.

The family Convolvulaceae comprises approximately 50-60 genera with approximately 1600-1700 species, exhibiting a rich diversity of morphological characteristics and occupying a broad range of ecological habitats. High-throughput sequencing identified a tentative new virus in the family Geminiviridae infecting Calystegia sepium var. japonica in South Korea.

Land suitability analysis in monocentric post-socialist city: Case of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

Urban expansion has been rapidly increasing and is projected to be tripled in 2030 in worldwide. The impact of urbanization has adverse effects on the environment and economic development. Residential lands consist of almost one-third of the urban area and heavily affect the city's inhabitants.

Panel miRNAs are potential diagnostic markers for chronic kidney diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Accurate detection of kidney damage is key to preventing renal failure, and identifying biomarkers is essential for this purpose. We aimed to assess the accuracy of miRNAs as diagnostic tools for chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We thoroughly searched five databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and CENTRAL) and performed a meta-analysis using R software.

Impact of cross-reactivity and herd immunity on SARS-CoV-2 pandemic severity.

Public health systems reported low mortality from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in East Asia, in low-income countries, and for children during the first year of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. These reports led commentators to suggest that cross-reactive immunity from prior exposure to other pathogens reduced fatality risk. Resolution of initial infection waves also contributed to speculation that herd immunity prevented further waves prior to vaccination.

Efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy for pediatric achalasia: A nationwide study.

Achalasia, a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by the inability of the lower esophageal sphincter to relax and loss of esophageal peristalsis, significantly impacts pediatric patient quality of life through symptoms like dysphagia, chest pain, and weight loss. This nationwide retrospective cohort study evaluates the efficacy and safety of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for pediatric achalasia in Mongolia, contributing to the limited global data on this minimally invasive treatment in children. Conducted between February 2020 and March 2022 at 2 tertiary centers, the study included symptomatic achalasia patients, treatment-naive or those with unsatisfactory outcomes from previous esophageal dilations.

Incidence and Mortality due to Colorectal Cancer in Mongolia, 2018-2022.

Objective: We aimed to update data on the morbidity and mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) among the population of Mongolia by province between 2018 and 2022.

Methods: This study was designed using a descriptive method. The data were collected from 21 general hospitals of provinces, 9 general hospitals of districts, and the National Cancer Center in 2018-2022.

The anti-rheumatoid arthritic activity of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. (traditional Chinese/Mongolian medicine) extract in collagen-induced arthritis in rats.

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) seriously affects the daily life of people. The whole plant of Artemisia ordosica Krasch. (AOK) has been used in folk medicine.

Functional characterization of sesquiterpene synthase in Mongolian medicine Syringa oblata in heartwood formation.

Lilac (Syringa oblata) is a well-known horticultural plant, and its aromatic heartwood is widely utilized in Traditional Mongolian Medicine for treating angina. However, limited research on the dynamic changes and mechanisms of aromatic substance formation during heartwood development hinders the analysis and utilization of its medicinal components. In this study, volatile metabolome analysis revealed that sesquiterpenes are the primary metabolites responsible for the aroma in heartwood, with cadinane and eremophilane types being the most prevalent.

Epicardial adipose tissue in patients with systemic sclerosis.

Aims: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has emerged as a mediator between systemic inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease, and may therefore play a role in the pathophysiology of cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between EAT and left ventricular (LV) function, and to determine the prognostic value of EAT in patients with SSc.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients with SSc who underwent non-contrast thorax computed tomography and echocardiography were included.

Hepatitis B surface antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-viral-load.

Background And Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was < 2000 IU/mL), the factor of the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) remained elusive.

Methods: The retrospective study recruited patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who were negative low for hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), had a low viral load, and experienced HBsAg loss during follow-up. CHB patients with low-viral load but without consequent HBsAg loss were also enrolled at the ratio of 1:4.

A decade of liver transplantation in Mongolia: Economic insights and cost analysis.

Background: Mongolia introduced liver transplantation 10 years ago, becoming the 46th country globally to successfully perform this procedure. However, the cost of liver transplantation treatment remains expensive in Mongolia, a lower-middle-income country. Thus, the need to calculate the cost of liver transplants, a highly-valued treatment, forms the basis for this study.

The Dynamics of the Prevalence of Acute Viral Hepatitis and the Strategies against Viral Hepatitis in Mongolia.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cancer in Mongolia. The relative importance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in HCC etiology is known to vary greatly from one part of the world to another. Principally, 95% of HCC patients have chronic viral hepatitis, including 53% hepatitis B virus, 38.

Ancient genomic analysis of a Chinese hereditary elite from the Northern and Southern Dynasties.

China's Northern and Southern Dynasties period (3rd-6th centuries AD) marked a significant era of ethnic integration in northern China. However, previous ancient DNA studies have primarily focused on northern ethnic groups, with limited research on the genetic formation of the hereditary elite family, especially considering their abundant archaeological record and clear material identity. In this study, we obtained the ancient genome of a hereditary elite family, Gao Bin (, 503 AD-572 AD), at 0.

Emotional intelligence in children with epilepsy.

Objective: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder in the pediatric population, often accompanied by comorbidities, drug-related burdens, and psychosocial issues. Emotional intelligence (EI) is a crucial aspect of neurocognitive functioning that may be impaired in various clinical conditions. This study aimed to assess EI and its associated risk factors in children with epilepsy.

Knowledge and attitude of traumatic dental injuries in Mongolian schoolteachers.

Background: Traumatic dental injury (TDI) is a growing public health concern worldwide, and children and adolescents are commonly affected. Because TDI often occurs at school, the response of teachers to these injuries is crucial. However, teachers in various countries have been shown to lack knowledge of effective TDI first-aid response and need an intervention to improve their knowledge.

Gut microbiome signatures associated with type 2 diabetes in obesity in Mongolia.

Mongolian people possess a unique dietary habit characterized by high consumption of meat and dairy products and fewer vegetables, resulting in the highest obesity rate in East Asia. Although obesity is a known cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D), the T2D rate is moderate in this population; this is known as the "Mongolian paradox." Since the gut microbiota plays a key role in energy and metabolic homeostasis as an interface between food and body, we investigated gut microbial factors involved in the prevention of the co-occurrence of T2D with obesity in Mongolians.

Climate change will lead to range shifts and genetic diversity losses of dung beetles in the Gobi Desert and Mongolian Steppe.

Desertification is known to be a major threat to biodiversity, yet our understanding of the consequent decline in biodiversity remains insufficient. Here, we predicted climate change-induced range shifts and genetic diversity losses in three model dung beetles: Colobopterus erraticus, Cheironitis eumenes, and Gymnopleurus mopsus, distributed across the Gobi Desert and Mongolian Steppe, areas known for desertification. Phylogeographic analyses of mitochondrial COI sequences and species distribution modeling, based on extensive field investigations spanning 14 years, were performed.

High-Efficiency Solar Transformation of Sugars via a Heterogenous Gallium(III) Catalyst.

Extremely limited research exploring the photocatalytic potential of main group metals, such as aluminum, gallium, and tin, has been undertaken due to their weak light harvesting properties. This study reports the efficient transformation of sugars to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with high yield employing an original heterogeneous photocatalyst comprising a gallium(III) complex immobilized on an alumina support. Under visible light irradiation, the reaction rate of HMF formation is ~143 times higher than the equivalent thermal reaction performed in the absence of light.