Should bariatric surgery be offered for hepatocellular adenomas in obese patients?

Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome are increasingly recognized as risk factors for development of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA). The implications of weight loss on HCA regression has not been previously reviewed.

Objectives: To analyze the effects of surgical and nonsurgical weight loss on HCA.

Results of a randomized, double-blind phase II clinical trial of NY-ESO-1 vaccine with ISCOMATRIX adjuvant versus ISCOMATRIX alone in participants with high-risk resected melanoma.

Background: To compare the clinical efficacy of New York Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-1 (NY-ESO-1) vaccine with ISCOMATRIX adjuvant versus ISCOMATRIX alone in a randomized, double-blind phase II study in participants with fully resected melanoma at high risk of recurrence.

Methods: Participants with resected stage IIc, IIIb, IIIc and IV melanoma expressing NY-ESO-1 were randomized to treatment with three doses of NY-ESO-1/ISCOMATRIX or ISCOMATRIX adjuvant administered intramuscularly at 4-week intervals, followed by a further dose at 6 months. Primary endpoint was the proportion free of relapse at 18 months in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population and two per-protocol populations.

The impact of chemotherapy on cognitive function: a multicentre prospective cohort study in testicular cancer.

Purpose: The causal link between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment is unclear. We studied testicular cancer patients' objective and subjective cognitive function longitudinally, comparing a surgery group with a surgery + chemotherapy group, addressing prior methodological issues using a computerized test to limit assessment issues, and controlling for confounding variables.

Methods: Prospectively, of 145 patients from 16 centres with sufficient data, n = 61 receiving surgery + chemotherapy (etoposide and cisplatin ± bleomycin, BEP/EP; or single agent carboplatin) were compared to n = 41 receiving surgery alone.

Comparing rates and characteristics of ambulance attendances related to extramedical use of pharmaceutical opioids in Australia: a protocol for a retrospective observational study.

Introduction And Aims: Extramedical use of, and associated harms with pharmaceutical opioids are common. Analysis of coded ambulance clinical records provides a unique opportunity to examine a national population-level indicator of relative harms. This protocol describes an observational study with three aims: (1) to compare supply adjusted rates of pharmaceutical opioid-related ambulance attendances for buprenorphine, codeine, fentanyl, oxycodone, oxycodone-naloxone, morphine, pethidine, tramadol and tapentadol; (2) to compare presentation characteristics for these commonly used pharmaceutical opioids and (3) to describe the context surrounding ambulance presentations related to oxycodone, a widely used opioid with an established abuse liability, and tapentadol, a more recent 'atypical' opioid on the Australian market, with fewer studies that have directly examined signals of extramedical use.

Real-world outcomes of nivolumab and cabozantinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: results from the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium.

Objectives: In the present study, we explored the real-world efficacy of the immuno-oncology checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib in the second-line setting.

Methods: Using the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (imdc) dataset, a retrospective analysis of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mrcc) treated with nivolumab or cabozantinib in the second line after prior therapy targeted to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (vegfr) was performed. Baseline characteristics and imdc risk factors were collected.

Prolapsing mucosal fold: largest reported, presenting with major haemorrhage.

Prolapsing mucosal folds are uncommon benign colonic lesions that when inflamed may macroscopically resemble, and be confused with, an adenomatous or hyperplastic polyp. They are usually small and rarely cause symptoms. We report the case of a 55-year-old female admitted to hospital following six episodes of significant rectal bleeding.

Self-reported violations, errors and lapses for older drivers: Measuring the change in frequency of aberrant driving behaviours across five time-points.

The current study aimed to: 1. to confirm the 21-item, three-factor Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) structure suggested by Koppel et al. (2018) within an independent sample of Canadian older drivers; 2.

Prospective, Multisite, International Comparison of F-Fluoromethylcholine PET/CT, Multiparametric MRI, and Ga-HBED-CC PSMA-11 PET/CT in Men with High-Risk Features and Biochemical Failure After Radical Prostatectomy: Clinical Performance and Patient Outcomes.

A significant proportion of men with rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after radical prostatectomy (RP) fail prostate fossa (PF) salvage radiation treatment (SRT). This study was done to assess the ability of F-fluoromethylcholine (F-FCH) PET/CT (hereafter referred to as F-FCH), Ga-HBED-CC PSMA-11 PET/CT (hereafter referred to as PSMA), and pelvic multiparametric MRI (hereafter referred to as pelvic MRI) to identify men who will best benefit from SRT. Prospective, multisite imaging studies were carried out in men who had rising PSA levels after RP, high-risk features, and negative/equivocal conventional imaging results and who were being considered for SRT.

Exploring the spectrum of late effects following radical orchidectomy for stage I testicular seminoma: a systematic review of the literature.

Purpose: Testicular seminomas occur in young men and are highly curable. Toxicities following treatment for men with extensive stage II-III seminomas may cause long-term morbidities. However, it is not clear whether the risk of late effects also increases following surgery for testis-confined seminoma.

Systemic retinoids for treatment of recalcitrant IgA pemphigus.

IgA pemphigus is an exceedingly rare autoimmune blistering disorder, caused by IgA autoantibodies against desmosomal proteins. No treatment option has been found to be universally effective. The disease is often recalcitrant to oral steroids and immunosuppressants.

Protocol for the P3BEP trial (ANZUP 1302): an international randomised phase 3 trial of accelerated versus standard BEP chemotherapy for adult and paediatric male and female patients with intermediate and poor-risk metastatic germ cell tumours.

Background: Bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) chemotherapy administered every 3 weeks for 4 cycles remains the standard first line treatment for patients with intermediate- and poor-risk metastatic germ cell tumours (GCTs). Administering standard chemotherapy 2-weekly rather than 3-weekly, so-called 'accelerating chemotherapy', has improved cure rates in other cancers. An Australian multicentre phase 2 trial demonstrated this regimen is feasible and tolerable with efficacy data that appears promising.

Treatment with exenatide in acute ischemic stroke trial protocol: A prospective, randomized, open label, blinded end-point study of exenatide vs. standard care in post stroke hyperglycemia.

Rationale Post-stroke hyperglycemia occurs in up to 50% of patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke. It reduces the efficacy of thrombolysis, increases infarct size, and worsens clinical outcomes. Insulin-based therapies have generally not been beneficial in treating post-stroke hyperglycemia as they are difficult to implement, may cause hypoglycaemia, possibly increase mortality and worsen clinical outcomes.

Peripheral blood stem cell mobilisation with G-CSF alone versus G-CSF and cyclophosphamide after bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone induction in multiple myeloma.

Bortezomib-based induction is often used in transplant-eligible patients with myeloma. The optimal peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilisation strategy in this context is unclear. We reviewed the efficacy of G-CSF alone (G-alone) vs.

The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire for older drivers: Do errors, violations and lapses change over time?

The aim of the current study was to examine how self-reported aberrant driving behaviours change across a three time-points in a group of older drivers. Two hundred and twenty-seven older drivers (males = 69.6%) from the Candrive/Ozcandrive longitudinal study completed the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) each yearacross three time-points (i.

Risk of febrile neutropenia and early treatment cessation in men receiving standard and dose-reduced 3-weekly docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Docetaxel is an effective therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC); however, many patients experience febrile neutropenia (FN) and cease treatment early due to toxicity. It is not known whether lower dose (LD) q3-weekly docetaxel impacts toxicity or efficacy.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study included 166 patients with mCRPC who received q3-weekly docetaxel between 2010 and 2015.

Early-onset baldness and the risk of aggressive prostate cancer: findings from a case-control study.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the associations between androgenetic alopecia at a young age and subsequent development of aggressive prostate cancer (PC).

Methods: Using a case-control design with self-administered questionnaire, we evaluated the association between aggressive PC and very early-onset balding at age 20, and early-onset balding at age 40 years in 1,941 men. Cases were men with high-grade and/or advanced stage cancer and controls were clinic based men who had undergone biopsy and were found to be histologically cancer negative.

Interrogating Metastatic Prostate Cancer Treatment Switch Decisions: A Multi-institutional Survey.

Background: Evaluation of responses to treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains challenging. Consensus criteria based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and clinical and radiologic biomarkers are inconsistently utilized. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts can inform prognosis and response, but are not routinely used.