Dietary and other lifestyle factors and their influence on non-communicable diseases in the Western Pacific region.

The Western Pacific region is a diverse region experiencing fast economic growth and nutrition transition. We systematically examined 94 cohort studies on the associations of dietary and other lifestyle factors on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the region. These studies were mainly from China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore.

Perinatal dietary patterns and symptomatic depression: A prospective cohort study.

To promote maternal and infant health, there is a need to optimise the dietary pattern of pregnant women to reduce perinatal depression. This prospective cohort study was conducted from June 2020 to February 2022, 300 women from a medical center were interviewed during late pregnancy and at 4-6 weeks postpartum. Dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Three-dimensional food printing: its readiness for a food and nutrition insecure world.

Three-dimensional (3D) food printing is a rapidly emerging technology offering unprecedented potential for customised food design and personalised nutrition. Here, we evaluate the technological advances in extrusion-based 3D food printing and its possibilities to promote healthy and sustainable eating. We consider the challenges in implementing the technology in real-world applications.

Mapping the human gut mycobiome in middle-aged and elderly adults: multiomics insights and implications for host metabolic health.

Objective: The human gut fungal community, known as the mycobiome, plays a fundamental role in the gut ecosystem and health. Here we aimed to investigate the determinants and long-term stability of gut mycobiome among middle-aged and elderly adults. We further explored the interplay between gut fungi and bacteria on metabolic health.

Nutrition counseling is associated with less sarcopenia in diabetes: A cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Muscle is crucial for blood glucose regulation. There is a need to prevent and treat sarcopenia in diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate the association of nutritional counseling with the development of sarcopenia for people with DM.

Retraction: Chilinda, Z.B., et al. Optimal Household Water Access Fosters the Attainment of Minimum Dietary Diversity among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Malawi. 2021, , 178.

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Household and schooling rather than diet offset the adverse associations of height with school competence and emotional disturbance among Taiwanese girls.

Objective: Short stature may reflect health in early life and be an enduring disability. How birth weight, gender, household, elementary schooling and diet play a role in associations between stature and overall school competence (OSC) have been assessed.

Design: The 2001-2002 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (NAHSIT) for elementary schoolchildren (n 2274, 52·1 % boys) was linked to birth records.

Higher maternal autonomy is associated with reduced child stunting in Malawi.

Child undernutrition is a major health problem in Malawi. We assessed the association between maternal autonomy and child stunting in Malawi. We utilized nationally representative pooled cross-sectional data from the 2010 and 2015/16 Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys (MDHS), which included 7348 mother (28.

Optimal Household Water Access Fosters the Attainment of Minimum Dietary Diversity among Children Aged 6-23 Months in Malawi.

Along with sanitation and hygiene, water is a well-known driver of child undernutrition. However, a more direct role of household (HH) water access in shaping dietary diversity remains unexplored. We assessed the association between HH water access and achievement of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) among young children.

Non-nutritional anemia: Malaria, thalassemia, G6PD deficiency and tuberculosis in Indonesia.

Anemia affects people worldwide and results in increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in children and reproductive-age women. Anemia is caused by an imbalance between red blood cell (RBC) loss and production (erythropoiesis), which can be caused by not only nutritional factors but also non-nutritional factors, such as inflammation and genetics. Understanding the complex and varied etiology of anemia is crucial for developing effective interventions and monitoring anemia control programs.

Intersectoral and eco-nutritional approaches to resolve persistent anemia in Indonesia.

Anemia in Indonesia has been of concerning persistence in all age groups for some 75 years since independence. The relationships between anemia and nutrition are complex being evident with compromised general health and nutrition. Increased micronutrient intakes, especially iron and folic acid, has alleviated the problem, but encouraged nutrient-specific micronutrient interventions as attractive policy directions as if anemia were a stand-alone disease irrespective of associated disorder.

Econutrition, brown and beige fat tissue and obesity.

Background And Objectives: Obesity is caused by excessive fat accumulation or abnormal fat distribution and has become one of the biggest health challenges worldwide. Considering the high thermogenic ability of brown fat tissue (BAT) and the plasticity of fat tissue, to induce the browning of white fat tissue (WAT), so increasing BAT activity provides an attractive option for the prevention and resolution of obesity. The aim of the present narrative review was to understand the relationship between diet, BAT, and obesity.

Dietary patterns and anemia morphology in young men and women in Shandong province, China.

Background And Objectives: The association between diet and macrocytic and hypochromic anemia in young Chinese men and women remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary pattern and macrocytic and hypochromic microcytic anemia in young Chinese men and women.

Methods And Study Design: Some 4,840 first-year students (2,385 men and 2,455 women) were recruited for this study from Qingdao University, China.

Self-monitoring networks for personal and societal health: Dietary patterns, activities, blood pressure and Covid-19.

The contributors to and consequences of disordered health are increasingly complex with sociodemographic, ecological, economic and food system change. But there are opportunities for any adversity to be mitigated by advances in the understanding of human, especially nutritional, ecobiology and in its more accessible and affordable evaluation and monitoring. Viral pandemics are on the rise with climate change and loss of ecosystems.

Covid-19 and dietary socioecology: Risk minimisation.

Pandemics have shaped humanity over and over again, but the coronavirus outbreak of 2019-2020 is in a world at the tipping point of catastrophic climate change. Its origins and distinction derive from over-population with inequity and an industrial revolution since the 17th century which has exploited fossil fuels as a globalised energy source, a period now described as the anthropocene. Asymptotic ecosystem loss and dysfunction, for people whose being is socioecological, makes ultimate survival tenuous.

Imagining a habitable planet through food and health.

Background And Objectives: Whether and how it might be possible to imagine a habitable planet through food and health.

Methods: Reflection on childhood happenstances, sociodemographic circumstances, educational opportunities, persons of influence and lifetime experiences insofar as they might have shaped a view of the past, present and future world as the sole rational home of us all. Confirmation of these notions by personal, kindred, and other contemporary records and publications.

Regulobiosis: A regulatory and food system-sensitive role for fungal symbionts in human evolution and ecobiology.

The role of microbiomes in human biology and health are being extensively investigated, yet how the fungal community or mycobiome contributes to an integral microbiome is unclear and probably underestimated. We review the roles of fungi from the perspectives of their functionality in human biology, their cross-kingdom talk with other human microbial organisms, their dependence on diet and their involvement in human health and diseases. We hypothesize that members of the fungal community may interact as necessary symbionts with members of other human microbiome communities, and play a key role in human biology, yet to be fully understood.

Benefit risk and cost ratios in sustainable food and health policy: Changing and challenging trajectories.

There is benefit, risk and cost in all that we do, but when it comes to food, we expect that it will benefit our health, be available, safe to eat and affordable. But as climate change and demographic shifts through displacement and ageing gather momentum, the emphases on each of benefit, risk and cost will alter. That we are ecological beings whose health and wellbeing are ecosystem-dependent, must now be the underpinning framework for risk management.

Dietary diversity offsets the adverse mortality risk among older indigenous Taiwanese.

Background And Objectives: The extent to which health and survival inequality between indigenous and nonindigenous older Taiwanese is associated with diet is uncertain.

Methods And Study Design: Participants from the Elderly Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (1999-2000) formed this cohort. Dietary information was collected by 24-hr recall and simplified food frequency questionnaire.

Advances in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid nutrition.

There is conclusive evidence to demonstrate the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in human development and growth, vision, and cell membrane fluidity (membrane order). N-3 PUFA also contribute to human health maintenance through correction of arrhythmias, inhibition of platelet aggregation and prolongation of clotting time, lowering blood pressure, lowering serum triglycerides and plasma homocysteine, being antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory, being cardio-protective, increasing insulin sensitivity in Asians, and decreasing the risk of breast and colorectal cancers. This understanding of a wide spectrum of biological effects attributable to n-3 PUFA has been unsettled by a systematic review of randomized clinical intervention trials (RCTs) which has reported that n-3 PUFA have negligible or no effect on all-cause or cardiovascular mortality.

Maternal contributors to intergenerational nutrition, health, and well-being: revisiting the Tanjungsari Cohort Study for effective policy and action in Indonesia.

Perinatal and maternal mortalities in Java became of concern in the 1980s. Since some 90% of births took place at home, the Tanjungsari (TS) district of West Java was identfied as a locality where community-based risk management strategy might reduce this health burden. In 1987, traditional birth attendants (TBA) were trained to identify risk factors for unfavourable birth outcomes.

Characterization of polyphenols in Australian sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seed coat by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS.

Seeds of the legume lupin (Lupinus spp.) are becoming increasingly important as human food. The seed coat, at ~25% of the whole seed of Lupinus angustifolius (Australian sweet lupin, ASL), is the main by-product of lupin kernel flour production.

Secular trend towards ultra-processed food consumption and expenditure compromises dietary quality among Taiwanese adolescents.

Objective: To compare two Nutrition and Health Surveys in Taiwan (NAHSITs) 15-18 years apart to evaluate secular changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and expenditure among Taiwanese adolescents aged 16-18 years and the influences of such changes on dietary quality.

Design: This cross-sectional study was based on two representative surveys (NAHSIT 1993-1996, = 788; NAHSIT 2011, = 1,274) of senior high school students. Dietary information and food expenditure were based on 24-h dietary recall.