Electrochemical biosensors in early detection of Parkinson disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor system, with symptoms including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Affecting over six million people globally, PD's pathophysiology is marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management, yet current methods are limited by low sensitivity, high cost, and the need for advanced equipment.

Assessment of the Anti-cancer Effects of Camel Milk Exosomes (CMEXOs) on Murine Colorectal Cancer Cell Line (CT-26).

Today, camel milk consumption in the Middle East is trendy because it is believed that it reduces the risk of cancer. Recently, studies have discovered that most of milk's beneficial effects are because of its nanoparticles, especially exosomes. The objective of the present research was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of camel milk exosomes (CMEXOs) in the murine colorectal cancer cell line (CT-26).

The Effect of Exosomes Isolated from Poly (I:C) Treated Human Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a potential cell therapy candidate for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases due to their multilineage capacity and immune modulating function. MSCs exert immunomodulatory effects on target cells through the secretion of exosomes. Inflammatory conditions such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) engagement can change the biological functions and immunomodulatory activities of MSCs and the contents of exosomes derived from MSCs are changed.

The Potential of Nanotechnology in Anti-Cancer Drug to Regulate Nrf2 Signaling for Cancer Therapeutic Purposes.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a regulator of the cellular antioxidant defense system that plays an important role in reducing the risk of various pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. Targeting Nrf2 presents an attractive therapeutic approach to overcome these challenges and improve cancer treatment outcomes. Nanoparticles, with their unique physicochemical properties, offer several advantages over conventional therapies for targeting Nrf2.

Electrospun PCL/Alginate/Nanoclay Nerve Conduit with Olfactory Ectomesenchymal Stem Cells for Nerve Regeneration.

Biocompatible and biodegradable nerve growth conduits (NGCs) provide a promising alternative to conventional nerve grafting for peripheral nerve regeneration. Incorporating nanoclay (NC) has been shown to increase the hydrophilicity and flexibility of polymeric scaffolds. In the present study, poly caprolactone-alginate (PCL-ALG) conduits with varying percentages of NC (0.

Chitosan gel loaded with carbon dots and mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as a topical formulation for skin regeneration: An animal study.

Background: Carbon dots (CDs) are the research hotspots in antimicrobial applications. Also, due to the importance of calcium ions in skin regeneration, mesoporous hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (mHAP NPs) were prepared. This study aimed to evaluate the wound healing efficiency of both CD and mHAP NPs simultaneously.

Finding potential targets in cell-based immunotherapy for handling the challenges of acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hostile hematological malignancy under great danger of relapse and poor long-term survival rates, despite recent therapeutic advancements. To deal with this unfulfilled clinical necessity, innovative cell-based immunotherapies have surfaced as promising approaches to improve anti-tumor immunity and enhance patient outcomes. In this comprehensive review, we provide a detailed examination of the latest developments in cell-based immunotherapies for AML, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, T-cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T-cell therapy, and natural killer (NK) cell-based therapies.

Characterizing the Impact of Dysregulated Micrornas on CRISP3 Isoforms in Male Infertility.

microRNAs (miRNAs) have a serious and dynamic function in spermatogenesis. These molecules have been recognized as crucial parts of the control of gene activity, and their involvement in the regulation of target genes has been extensively studied. This research aimed to determine the expression of CRISP3 and miR-493-5p, miR-204-5p, and miR-182-5p in the seminal plasma fluid and spermatozoa and to examine the relationship between CRISP3 and the mentioned miRNAs in 57 infertile men with Asthenozoospermia (AZ) (n = 19), Teratoasthenozoospermia (TAZ) (n = 19), and Normozoospermia (NZ) (n = 19).

Generation of Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived From Dermal Fibroblast of Schizophrenic Patients.

Introduction: Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychiatric disorder caused by environmental, social, and genetic factors. This phenomenon is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder with a 1% worldwide prevalence. As SCZ is an exclusively human disorder, animal models cannot mimic SCZ pathophysiology.

On the osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells by a fabricated porous nano-hydroxyapatite substrate loaded with sodium fluoride.

In the present study, nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) powder was extracted from carp bone waste to fabricate porous n-HA substrates by a molding and sintering process. Subsequently, the substrates were loaded with different amounts of sodium fluoride (NaF) through immersion in NaF suspensions for 10, 7.5, and 5 min.

Electrochemical and optical biosensors for the detection of E. Coli.

E. coli is a common pathogenic microorganism responsible for numerous food and waterborne illnesses. Traditional detection methods often require long, multi-step processes and specialized equipment.

Identification of key lncRNAs associated with oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer cells and isolated exosomes: From In-Silico prediction to In-Vitro validation.

One of the critical challenges in managing colorectal cancer (CRC) is the development of oxaliplatin (OXP) resistance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in CRC progression and chemotherapy resistance, with exosomal lncRNAs emerging as potential biomarkers. This study aimed to predict key lncRNAs involved in OXP-resistance using in-silico methods and validate them using RT-qPCR methods in CRC cells and their isolated exosomes.

Cannabidiol attenuates arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity the NOX4 and NF-κB pathways in mice.

Background And Purpose: Cannabidiol (CBD) is a phenolic terpene compound with anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotective, and anticonvulsant properties. Since the effects of CBD on sodium arsenite (As)-induced nephrotoxicity have not been fully determined, this study investigated the effect of CBD on As-induced nephrotoxicity by evaluating the NOX4 and NF-kB pathways in mice.

Experimental Approach: 48 male mice were divided into six groups (8 each) including group 1, receiving saline for 14 days; group 2, receiving CBD (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) from the 7 to the 14 day; group 3, receiving As (10 mg/kg) for 14 days by gavage; and treatment groups 4-6, receiving CBD (2.

Laboratory considerations in the assessment of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in pregnant women by automated immunoassays.

Background: Because of the pathophysiological role of vitamin D in health, there is an increased interest to check the clinical status of this vitamin. Immunochemical assays are commonly employed to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) in clinical laboratories and its testing could be influenced by pre-analytic and analytic issues. The aim of this study was to compare the 25(OH)D results obtained from three commonly used immunoassays in pregnant women to check a possible discrepancy between tests.

Corrigendum to "Tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts containing novel copper-doped bioactive glass biomaterials to promote angiogenic activity and endothelial regeneration" [Mater. Today Bio 20 (2023): 100647].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.

Bactericidal behavior of silver nanoparticle decorated nano-sized magnetic hydroxyapatite.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is the most common cause of acute bacterial arthritis. Due to the increase in antibiotic resistance in these bacteria, the discovery of new antibacterial agents has become one of the hot topics in the scientific community. Here, we prepared a nano-sized porous biocompatible magnetic hydroxyapatite through a solvothermal method.

Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Biocompatible Magnetic Nanocarrier as Drug Delivery System to MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells.

Introduction: The last strategy in targeted drug delivery systems is to deliver the anticancer drug to the tumor tissue to increase its therapeutic effect and minimize its undesirable side effects. In line with this goal in this research, the redox/pH-responsive disulfide magnetic nanocarriers based on PF127-NH2/L-cysteine-CM-β-CD-FA were synthesized and evaluated in a doxorubicin delivery system.

Methods: We effectively surrounded Fe3O4 nanoparticles with SiO2 using the sol-gel method, and then confidently coated them with oleic acid on Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles.