Novel weapon-aided plant protection in the underground battlefield.

and , the causative agents of bacterial wilt, ranks as the second most devastating phytopathogens, affecting over 310 plant species and causing substantial economic losses worldwide. and infect plants through the underground root system, where it interacts with both the host and the surrounding microbiota and multiply in the xylem where bacteria cell and its polysaccharide product block the water transportation from root to aboveground. Currently, effective control methods are limited, as resistance genes are unavailable and antibiotics prove ineffective.

Fumarate reductase drives methane emissions in the genus Oryza through differential regulation of the rhizospheric ecosystem.

The emergence of waterlogged Oryza species ∼15Mya (million years ago) supplied an anoxic warm bed for methane-producing microorganisms, and methane emissions have hence accompanied the entire evolutionary history of the genus Oryza. However, to date no study has addressed how methane emission has been altered during Oryza evolution. In this paper we used a diverse collection of wild and cultivated Oryza species to study the relation between Oryza evolution and methane emissions.

Rice rhizobiome engineering for climate change mitigation.

The year 2023 was the warmest year since 1850. Greenhouse gases, including CO and methane, played a significant role in increasing global warming. Among these gases, methane has a 25-fold greater impact on global warming than CO.

Impact of two sp. on the response of diverse genotypes under salt stress.

Unlabelled: Currently, salinization is impacting more than 50% of arable land, posing a significant challenge to agriculture globally. Salt causes osmotic and ionic stress, determining cell dehydration, ion homeostasis, and metabolic process alteration, thus negatively influencing plant development. A promising sustainable approach to improve plant tolerance to salinity is the use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB).

Small RNA-modulated anaerobic respiration allows bacteria to survive under antibiotic stress conditions.

Despite extensive knowledge of antibiotic-targeted bacterial cell death, deeper understanding of antibiotic tolerance mechanisms is necessary to combat multi-drug resistance in the global healthcare settings. Regulatory RNAs in bacteria control important cellular processes such as cell division, cellular respiration, metabolism, and virulence. Here, we investigated how exposing to the moderately effective first-generation antibiotic cephalothin alters transcriptional and post-transcriptional dynamics.

Is plant acoustic communication fact or fiction?

In recent years, the idea has flourished that plants emit and perceive sound and could even be capable of exchanging information through the acoustic channel. While research into plant bioacoustics is still in its infancy, with potentially fascinating discoveries awaiting ahead, here we show that the current knowledge is not conclusive. While plants do emit sounds under biotic and abiotic stresses such as drought, these sounds are high-pitched, of low intensity, and propagate only to a short distance.

Shared governance in the plant holobiont and implications for one health.

The holobiont Holobiont theory is more than 80 years old, while the importance of microbial communities for plant holobionts was already identified by Lorenz Hiltner more than a century ago. Both concepts are strongly supported by results from the new field of microbiome research. Here, we present ecological and genetic features of the plant holobiont that underpin principles of a shared governance between hosts and microbes and summarize the relevance of plant holobionts in the context of global change.

Discovery of Three Effectors and Their Effect on Gene Expression in Planta.

(whitefly) is a polyphagous agroeconomic pest species complex. Two members of this species complex, Mediterranean (MED) and Middle-East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), have a worldwide distribution and have been shown to manipulate plant defenses through effectors. In this study, we used three different strategies to identify three MEAM1 proteins that can act as effectors.

The power of the smallest: The inhibitory activity of microbial volatile organic compounds against phytopathogens.

Plant diseases caused by phytopathogens result in huge economic losses in agriculture. In addition, the use of chemical products to control such diseases causes many problems to the environment and to human health. However, some bacteria and fungi have a mutualistic relationship with plants in nature, mainly exchanging nutrients and protection.

sp. nov., Isolated from the Rhizospheric Soil of , a Plant Native to the Dokdo Islands, Republic of Korea.

KUDC0405 was isolated from the rhizosphere of from the Dokdo Islands. The KUDC0405 strain was Gram-stain-positive, non-spore forming, non-motile, and facultatively anaerobic bacteria. Strain KUDC0405 was a rod-shaped bacterium with size dimensions of 0.

Volatile organic compounds emitted by CNUC9 trigger induced systemic salt tolerance in .

Salinity is among the most significant abiotic stresses that negatively affects plant growth and agricultural productivity worldwide. One ecofriendly tool for broadly improving plant tolerance to salt stress is the use of bio-inoculum with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In this study, a bacterium strain CNUC9, which was isolated from maize rhizosphere, showed several plant growth-promoting characteristics including the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, indole acetic acid, siderophore, and phosphate solubilization.

Identification and Characterization of Erwinia Phage IT22: A New Bacteriophage-Based Biocontrol against .

is a quarantine phytopathogenic bacterium that is the causal agent of fire blight, a destructive disease responsible for killing millions of fruit-bearing plants worldwide, including apple, pear, quince, and raspberry. Efficient and sustainable control strategies for this serious bacterial disease are still lacking, and traditional methods are limited to the use of antibiotics and some basic agricultural practices. This study aimed to contribute to the development of a sustainable control strategy through the identification, characterization, and application of bacteriophages (phages) able to control fire blight on pears.

Extracellular self-RNA: A danger elicitor in pepper induces immunity against bacterial and viral pathogens in the field.

Plants and animals serve as hosts for microbes. To protect themselves from microbe-induced damage, plants and animals need to differentiate self-molecules/signals from non-self, microbe-derived molecules. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are danger signals released from the damaged host tissue or present on the surface of stressed cells.

Chromosomal polymorphism of the Ceratocystis fimbriata species complex in Brazil.

Ceratocystis fimbriata is an important pathogen that causes wilt in several plant species. Despite the importance of this pathogen, knowledge about its karyotypic polymorphism and genomic architecture is limited. The main objective of this study was to investigate the karyotype of isolates of the C.

Turning a bacterial gaseous virulence trigger off.

Recently, Sieber et al. discovered the new diazeniumdiolate volatile signaling molecule, leudiazen. They confirmed that inactivation of leudiazen by KMnO can reduce the production of mangotoxin.

Application of Linear Gradient Solvent System in Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Facilitating Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Yongdamsagan-Tang, Traditional Oriental Decoction.

As important pharmaceutical resources, traditional herbal medicines retain continuous attention. To do that, isolation and identification of bioactive molecules from traditional herbal decoction are important. However, conventional fractionation through octadecyl silica column faces irreversible sample adsorption that causes a bias in bioactivity assessment.

Belowground plant-microbe communications via volatile compounds.

Volatile compounds play important roles in rhizosphere biological communications and interactions. The emission of plant and microbial volatiles is a dynamic phenomenon that is affected by several endogenous and exogenous signals. Diffusion of volatiles can be limited by their adsorption, degradation, and dissolution under specific environmental conditions.

Bacterial type III effector-induced plant C8 volatiles elicit antibacterial immunity in heterospecific neighbouring plants via airborne signalling.

Upon sensing attack by pathogens and insect herbivores, plants release complex mixtures of volatile compounds. Here, we show that the infection of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) plants with the non-host bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv.

Dual functionality of natural mixtures of bacterial volatile compounds on plant growth.

Bacteria emit volatile compounds that modulate plant growth. Previous studies reported the impacts of bacterial volatile compounds on plant growth; however, the results varied depending on bacterial nutrient availability. We investigated whether the effects of plant growth-inhibiting volatiles (PGIVs) and plant growth-promoting volatiles (PGPVs) depended on the perceived dose by evaluating the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings placed at 7, 14, and 21 cm away from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB03 colonies growing in rich medium.

First Report of subsp. causing Citrus Canker on lime in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Citrus canker caused by subsp. is one of the most important citrus diseases in the world (Gottwald et al. 2002), mainly for citrus-producing countries with humid sub-tropical regions such as United States, Argentina, and Brazil, where losses may be significant (Behlau et al.

C4 Bacterial Volatiles Improve Plant Health.

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with plant roots can trigger plant growth promotion and induced systemic resistance. Several bacterial determinants including cell-wall components and secreted compounds have been identified to date. Here, we review a group of low-molecular-weight volatile compounds released by PGPR, which improve plant health, mostly by protecting plants against pathogen attack under greenhouse and field conditions.

Simultaneous profiling of and MO6-24/O transcriptomes by dual RNA-seq analysis.

We previously demonstrated that a marine bacterial pathogen isolated from sea foods modulated gene expression levels and defense responses of a land plant . Although the interaction between and was verified under artificial and greenhouse conditions, the simultaneous changes in host and pathogen transcriptomes remained obscure. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed the transcriptome of MO6-24/O and by dual RNA-sequencing analysis.

Understanding Plant Social Networking System: Avoiding Deleterious Microbiota but Calling Beneficials.

Plant association with microorganisms elicits dramatic effects on the local phytobiome and often causes systemic and transgenerational modulation on plant immunity against insect pests and microbial pathogens. Previously, we introduced the concept of the plant social networking system (pSNS) to highlight the active involvement of plants in the recruitment of potentially beneficial microbiota upon exposure to insects and pathogens. Microbial association stimulates the physiological responses of plants and induces the development of their immune mechanisms while interacting with multiple enemies.