Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effects of Prenylated Indole Alkaloids from the Antarctic Fungus sp. Strain SF-7367.

Inflammation has always been considered a trigger or consequence of neurodegenerative diseases, and the inhibition of inflammation in the central nervous system can effectively protect nerve cells. Several studies have indicated that various natural products inhibit neuroinflammation. Among these, Antarctic fungal metabolites have pharmacological activities and a developmental value.

Uncovering the Metabolic Footprint of New Psychoactive Substances by Metabolomics: A Systematic Review.

New psychoactive substances (NPSs) emerged in the 2000s as legal alternatives to illicit drugs and quickly became a huge public health threat due to their easy accessibility online, limited information, and misleading labels. Synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones are the most reported groups of NPSs. Despite NPSs being widely studied, due to their structural diversity and the constant emergence of novel compounds with unknown properties, the development of new techniques is required to clarify their mode of action and evaluate their toxicological effects.

Proteome-Wide Identification and Comparison of Drug Pockets for Discovering New Drug Indications and Side Effects.

Drug development faces significant financial and time challenges, highlighting the need for more efficient strategies. This study evaluated the druggability of the entire human proteome using Fpocket. We identified 15,043 druggable pockets in 20,255 predicted protein structures, significantly expanding the estimated druggable proteome from 3000 to over 11,000 proteins.

Technology for the Quantitative Identification of Dairy Products Based on Raman Spectroscopy, Chemometrics, and Machine Learning.

The technologies used for the characterization and quantitative analysis of dairy products based on Raman spectroscopy have developed rapidly in recent years. At the level of spectral data, there are not only traditional Raman spectra but also two-dimensional correlation spectra, which can provide rich compositional and characteristic information about the samples. In terms of spectral preprocessing, there are various methods, such as normalization, wavelet denoising, and feature extraction.

Effect of Drying Methods on the Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of (Roxb.) Benth. Aril and Its Inhibitory Properties on Human SW480 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells.

() is a Mexican plant that is consumed raw or in different preparations, and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties have traditionally been useful in treating several conditions. However, the post-harvest drying process can alter the content of bioactive compounds in . This study aims to evaluate the impact of different drying methods on the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of this plant, as well as its inhibitory effect on human SW480 colon adenocarcinoma cells.

Physicochemical Characterization and Asymmetric Catalytic Properties of New Biobased Organocatalytic Surfactants.

In organic synthesis, the solvent is the chemical compound that represents the largest proportion of the process. However, conventional solvents are often toxic and dangerous for the environment, and an interesting alternative is to replace them by water. In this context, catalyst surfactants allow both organic reagents in water to be solubilized and organic reactions to be catalyzed.

Recovery of Polysaccharides from Red Grape Marc and White Grape Pomace by Degradation of Cell Walls by Enzymes with Different Activities.

The recovery of polysaccharides (PS) from red grape marc and white grape pomace by enzymatic degradation of their cell walls is an interesting green extraction technique that preserves the structure and bioactivity of PS. The type and dose of enzyme, and the liquid/solid (L/S) ratio in PS extraction were studied using four commercial enzymes. Four different doses per enzyme were used, with tartaric acid as solvent and L/S ratios of 1.

Conformational Dynamics of Mitochondrial Inorganic Pyrophosphatase hPPA2 and Its Changes Caused by Pathogenic Mutations.

Inorganic pyrophosphatases, or PPases, are ubiquitous enzymes whose activity is necessary for a large number of biosynthetic reactions. The catalytic function of PPases is dependent on certain conformational changes that have been previously characterized based on the comparison of the crystal structures of various complexes. The current work describes the conformational dynamics of a structural model of human mitochondrial pyrophosphatase hPPA2 using molecular dynamics simulation, all-atom principal component analysis, and coarse-grained normal mode analysis.

NGF-TrkA Axis Enhances PDGF-C-Mediated Angiogenesis in Osteosarcoma via miR-29b-3p Suppression: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy Using Larotrectinib.

Angiogenesis plays a critical role in osteosarcoma (OS) growth and metastasis. While nerve growth factor (NGF) is implicated in cancer progression, its role in OS angiogenesis remains unclear. This study explored NGF's effects on angiogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Developmental Proteomics Reveals the Dynamic Expression Profile of Global Proteins of (Parthenogenesis).

is used as an experimental animal model for the study of three-host ticks due to its special life cycle and easy maintenance in the laboratory and in its reproduction. The life cycle of goes through a tightly regulated life cycle to adapt to the changing host and environment, and these stages of transition are also accompanied by proteome changes in the body. Here, we used the isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique to systematically describe and analyze the dynamic expression of the protein and the molecular basis of the proteome of in seven differential developmental stages (eggs, unfed larvae, engorged larvae, unfed nymphs, engorged nymphs unfed adults, and engorged adults).

A Review of the Psyllid Genus (Hemiptera, Psyllidae) from the Chinese Mainland with Phylogenetic Considerations and the Description of a New Species.

Kuwayama, 1908, constitutes an Old World genus of psyllids with 15 described species. Based on characters of immatures, was recently assigned to Ciriacreminae (Psyllidae). The genus is morphologically well circumscribed but species are currently difficult to identify as many descriptions lack detail and precision.

Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms of Scutellum Color Variation in Adults (Diptera: Tephritidae).

(Hendel) is an invasive fruit and vegetable pest, infesting citrus, mango, carambola, etc. We observed that the posterior thoracic scutella of some adults are yellow, some light yellow, and some white in China. Compared with the races with a yellow scutellum (YS) and white scutellum (WS), the race with a light-yellow scutellum (LYS) is dominant in citrus and carambola orchards.

gen. et sp. nov., a New Cup Moth from Southern China Based on Morphological and Molecular Analysis (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea: Limacodidae).

A new genus and species of Limacodidae, gen. et sp. nov.

The Protective Effect of Nimodipine in Schwann Cells Is Related to the Upregulation of LMO4 and SERCA3 Accompanied by the Fine-Tuning of Intracellular Calcium Levels.

Nimodipine is the current gold standard in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage, as it is the only known calcium channel blocker that has been proven to improve neurological outcomes. In addition, nimodipine exhibits neuroprotective properties in vitro under various stress conditions. Furthermore, clinical studies have demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of nimodipine after vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Exploring How Adipose Tissue, Obesity, and Gender Influence the Immune Response to Vaccines: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Vaccines represent an essential tool for the prevention of infectious diseases. Upon administration, a complex interaction occurs between the vaccine formulation and the recipient's immune system, ultimately resulting in protection against disease. Significant variability exists in individual and population responses to vaccination, and these differences remain the focus of the ongoing research.

Improving Replication in Endometrial Omics: Understanding the Influence of the Menstrual Cycle.

The dynamic nature of human endometrial tissue presents unique challenges in analysis. Despite extensive research into endometrial disorders such as endometriosis and infertility, recent systematic reviews have highlighted concerning issues with the reproducibility of omics studies attempting to identify biomarkers. This review examines factors contributing to poor reproducibility in endometrial omics research.

Curcumin Solubility and Bioactivity Enhancement Through Amorphization with Tryptophan via Supercritical Fluid Technology.

Curcumin, a compound known for its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, faces challenges due to its low water solubility, which can limit its effectiveness. One effective method to address this issue is through amorphization. Incorporating curcumin into a polymeric matrix to form amorphous solid dispersions is a common approach.

Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals New Insights into Spawn Aging in : Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Spawn aging poses a substantial challenge to the industry. This study focuses on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging process of spawn. We conducted a comprehensive comparative transcriptome analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying spawn aging.

Identification of Gene Family and Expression Analysis of Salt Tolerance in .

is one of the typical ecological grass species, characterized by its strong salt tolerance. Hexokinase (HXK) plays a crucial role in plant growth, development, and resistance to abiotic stresses. To understand the function of in the salt tolerance of , this study identified and analyzed the gene family members using the whole-genome data of .

Two-Step Cell Death Induction by the New 2-Arachidonoyl Glycerol Analog and Its Modulation by Lysophosphatidylinositol in Human Breast Cancer Cells.

2-arachnadoyl glycerol (2-AG) is one of the most common endocannabinoid molecules with anti-proliferative, cytotoxic, and pro-proliferative effects on different types of tumors. Typically, it induces cell death via cannabinoid receptor 1/2 (CB1/CB2)-linked ceramide production. In breast cancer, ceramide is counterbalanced by the sphingosine-1-phosphate, and thus the mechanisms of 2-AG influence on proliferation are poorly understood.

A Haplotype GWAS in Syndromic Familial Colorectal Cancer.

A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with gastric and/or prostate cancer in their families suggested genetic loci with a shared risk for these three cancers. A second haplotype GWAS was undertaken in the same colorectal cancer patients and different controls with the aim of confirming the result and finding novel loci. The haplotype GWAS analysis involved 685 patients with colorectal cancer cases and 1642 healthy controls from Sweden.

Quantitative Trait Loci Identification and Candidate Genes Characterization for Indole-3-Carbinol Content in Seedlings of .

is a member of the cruciferous family with rich glucosinolate (GSL) content, particularly glucobrassicin (3-indolylmethyl glucosinolate, I3M), that can be metabolized into indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a compound with promising anticancer properties. To unravel the genetic mechanism influencing I3C content in rapeseed seedlings, a comprehensive study was undertaken with a doubled haploid (DH) population. By quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, seven QTL that were located on A01, A07, and C04 were identified, with the most significant contribution to phenotypic variation observed on chromosome A07 (11.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Molecular Regulation of Organic Acid Metabolism During Fruit Development in Late-Maturing Hybrid Citrus Varieties.

Late-maturing hybrid citrus is a significant fruit that combines the best traits of both parents and is highly prized for its unique flavor. Not only can organic acids alter the flavor of citrus pulp, but they are also essential for cellular metabolism, energy conversion, and maintaining the acidbase balance in plant tissues. Although organic acids play a key role in the quality formation of citrus fruits, there is still insufficient research on the metabolic processes of organic acids in late-maturing hybrid citrus varieties.

Fabrication of Hard Tissue Constructs from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Exploring Mechanisms of Hereditary Tooth/Skeletal Dysplasia.

Tooth/skeletal dysplasia, such as hypophosphatasia (HPP), has been extensively studied. However, there are few definitive treatments for these diseases owing to the lack of an in vitro disease model. Cells differentiated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) demonstrate a pathological phenotype.

Poliprotect, a Medical Device Made of Substances, Potently Protects the Human Esophageal Mucosa Challenged by Multiple Agents: Evidence from In Vitro and Ex Vivo Electrophysiological Models.

The integrity of esophageal epithelial cells in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or GERD-like symptoms is the first mechanism of protection to decrease the sensitivity to gastric reflux and heartburn symptoms. We investigated the protective effects of Poliprotect (PPRO), a CE-marked medical device, on esophageal epithelial integrity using in vitro and ex vivo models. In vitro, the protective effects of PPRO were tested on Caco-2 cells.